29 research outputs found
Short Communication: Temporal and spatial variations of Rhodophyta communities along the Chabahar Coast, Oman Sea
No full textJamshidzehi A, Mehdipour N, Jafari N, Azini M. 2017. Short Communication: Temporal and spatial variations of Rhodophyta communities along the Chabahar Coast, Oman Sea. Biodiversitas 18: 619-622. Monthly sampling of macroalgae was carried out from January 2014 to November 2014 in Iranian Coasts of Oman Sea along Sistan and Baluchistan province coastal waters. Monthly sampling was done by a number of transects with equal distance and in randomly chosen 50×50cm quadrates. The samples were transferred to the lab and after cleaning and separating, identified up to species level. A total of 17 species of Rhodophyta were recognized, and the most observed families included: Gelidiaceae, Gracilariaceae, Hypneaceae and Rhodomelaceae. The maximum algal biomass and of species belonged to Gracilaria corticata. Laurencia obtusa, Hypnea valentiae and Gracilaria corticata observed in all stations and seasons. Laurencia obtusa, Hypnea valentiae and Gracilaria corticata observed in all stations and seasons. Comparing to the previous study in the Chabahar Coast, steep decline in the number of observed macroalgae species in this region was observed.</jats:p
Effect of two green algae species (Chlorella sp. & Scenedesmus obliquus) enriched with B group vitamins on food chain of Rutilus frisii kutum (Kamensky, 1901) fry
No full textThe Effect of two freshwater green algae species Chlorella sp. & Scenedesmus obliquus enriched (from the beginning of culture and after 96 hours) with different dosages of B group vitamins (0, 0.5, 1, and 2 ml of enriching solution per each liter of algae medium) on fecundity of Daphnia magna and growth of Rutilus frisii kutum fry were investigated in a research from spring, 2008 to autumn, 2009.First, each of the green algae species were cultured purely and massively in the Zander (Z-8+N) medium and then the nutritional value (the amount of protein, lipid, and carbohydrate) of enriched algae were meausered. In this study, enriching of Chlorella sp. & S. obliquus with a suitable mix of B group vitamins significantly improved their nutritive value. So the highest amount of nutritional value of Chlorella sp. was obtained because of enriching with dosage 0.5 ml.l-1 (366.654Kcal) and for Scenedesmus obliquus with dosage of 1 ml.l-1 (376.95Kcal). The acquired amount from control group showed an increase of respectively 42% and 11%.According to the results, increased dosages of enriching solution caused Daphnia fecundity to increase (at both stages : enrichment from the beginning of culture and after 96 hours). So the highest average of D. magna reproduction rate was obtained through being fed with Chlorella sp. and S. obliquus enriched with dosage of 2 ml enriching solution per liter of algae medium. The average fecundity of D. magna fed with Chlorella sp. enriched with dosage of 2 ml.l-1 enriching solution from the beginning of culture and after 96 hours was obtained respectively 2.128 ± 0.375 and 2.1 ± 0.69 and the average fecundity of D. magna fed with S. obliquus enriched with dosage of 2 ml enriching solution from the beginning of culture and after 96 hours was obtainedrespectively 2.128 ± 0.375 and 2.1 ± 0.69 which showed respectively an increase of 61 ٪, 91٪, 77 ٪, and 83٪ in proportion to the acquired amount from control group. When enriching solution was added to either algae culture medium from the beginning of culture, showed statistically significant differences (P<0.05) between dosages of 0 and 2 ml.l-1, 1 and 2 ml.l-1, and 0.5 and 2 ml enriching solution per each liter of Chlorella sp. culture medium and between dosages of 0 and 1 ml.l-1, and 0 and 2 ml enriching solution per each liter of S. obliquus culture medium.The highest average of body weight gain percentage and specific growth rate of kutum fry was obtained respectively 21.19%, 26.63%, 1.92, and 2.34 from the beginning of culture and after 96 hours with dosage of 1 ml B group vitamins per each liter of Chlorella sp. culture medium, which showed respectively an increase of 50%, 70%, 46%, and 62% in proportion to the acquired amount from control group. In the cases which Chlorella sp. were grown in the medium containing vitamin, from point of view of the average percentage of weight and specific growth rate of kutum fry significant differences were observed on the basis of the result of One-way ANOVA between dosages of 0 and 1, 1 and 2 , 0.5 and 1 ml B group vitamins per each liter.The highest average of body weight gain percentage and specific growth rate of kutum fry was obtained respectively 32.02%, 29.42%, 2.78, and 2.34 from the beginning of culture and after 96 hours with dosage of 2 ml B group vitamins per each liter of S. obliquus culture medium, which showed respectively an increase of 32%, 19%, 28%, and 17% in proportion to the acquired amount from control group. In the cases which S. obliquus were grown in the medium containing vitamin, from point of view of the average percentage of weight and specific growth rate of kutum fry significant differences were observed on the basis of the result of One-way ANOVA between dosages of 0 and 1, 0 and 2.According to the results of the present research we can say that considerable enhancement in the quality of the food of D. magna can be made by manipulation of the nutritional value of fresh water unicellular green algae with suitable mixture of B group vitamins, so that both the fecundity of D. magna will increase and the nutritional requirements of the kutum fry will be filled in this way.PhDAdvisors:Maryam Fallahi,Ghobad Azari Takami Counsellors:Gholamhossein Vossoughi, Ali Mashinchia
Seasonal variations in abundance and diversity of copepods in Mond River estuary, Bushehr, Persian Gulf
No full textAbstract. Hedayati A, Pouladi M, Vazirizadeh A, QadermarziA, Mehdipour N. 2017. Seasonal variations in abundance and diversity of copepods in Mond River estuary, Bushehr, Persian Gulf. Biodiversitas 18: 447-452. The present study was carried out to investigate the abundance and biodiversity of copepods from Mond River (MR) estuary, Bushehr, Persian Gulf during 4 seasons and their relationships with environmental factors. The water samples were collected in mid-season from spring 2012 to winter 2013 for one year period. Copepod samples were collected by using of 140 µm plankton net with 25 cm mouth diameter and vertical towing in all stations. Copepod assemblages were comprised of 4 orders, 13 families and 10 genera. Orders were included; Calanoida, Cyclopoida, Poecilostomatoida, Harpacticoida and Genera were included: Cathocalanus, Acrocalanus, Paracalanus, Subeucalanus, Centropages, Temora, Calanopia, Labidocera, Pontella, Acartia, Oithona, Oncaea, Corycaeus, Microsetella, Microsetella and Euterpina. The order Calanoida with 10 genera was the most diverse and dominant order between Identified orders. The means (±SE) of copepods abundance were recorded in spring (5853.4±1826.19 Individual m-3), in summer (6707.6±1930.15 Ind. m-3), in fall (4393.6±1263.37 Ind. m-3) and in winter (3400±763.98 Ind. m-3), respectively. Simpson and Shannon-Wiener biodiversity indices were obtained in spring (0.87±0.11 and 2.86±0.19), in summer (0.89±0.006 and 3.11±0.15), in fall (0.86±0.13 and 2.66±0.2) and in winter (0.83±0.12 and 2.39±0.15), respectively. The copepod assemblages had most amounts of diversity and abundance at station 5 in all seasons. Pearson correlation showed significant correlation between copepod diversity and abundance with salinity, pH and temperature. Results showed that salinity factor was more effective environmental factor on Simpson (0.01> P and r=0.783) and Shannon-Weiner indices (0.01> P and r=0.727), and copepods abundance (0.01> P and r=0.664) in MR estuary.
Keywords: Abundance, copepod, diversity, environmental factor, Mond Estuary</jats:p
Effect of two green algae species (Chlorella sp. & Scenedesmus obliquus) enriched with B group vitamins on food chain of Rutilus frisii kutum (Kamensky, 1901) fry
No full textThe Effect of two freshwater green algae species Chlorella sp. & Scenedesmus obliquus enriched (from the beginning of culture and after 96 hours) with different dosages of B group vitamins (0, 0.5, 1, and 2 ml of enriching solution per each liter of algae medium) on fecundity of Daphnia magna and growth of Rutilus frisii kutum fry were investigated in a research from spring, 2008 to autumn, 2009.
First, each of the green algae species were cultured purely and massively in the Zander (Z-8+N) medium and then the nutritional value (the amount of protein, lipid, and carbohydrate) of enriched algae were meausered. In this study, enriching of Chlorella sp. & S. obliquus with a suitable mix of B group vitamins significantly improved their nutritive value. So the highest amount of nutritional value of Chlorella sp. was obtained because of enriching with dosage 0.5 ml.l-1 (366.654Kcal) and for Scenedesmus obliquus with dosage of 1 ml.l-1 (376.95Kcal). The acquired amount from control group showed an increase of respectively 42% and 11%.
According to the results, increased dosages of enriching solution caused Daphnia fecundity to increase (at both stages : enrichment from the beginning of culture and after 96 hours). So the highest average of D. magna reproduction rate was obtained through being fed with Chlorella sp. and S. obliquus enriched with dosage of 2 ml enriching solution per liter of algae medium. The average fecundity of D. magna fed with Chlorella sp. enriched with dosage of 2 ml.l-1 enriching solution from the beginning of culture and after 96 hours was obtained respectively 2.128 ± 0.375 and 2.1 ± 0.69 and the average fecundity of D. magna fed with S. obliquus enriched with dosage of 2 ml enriching solution from the beginning of culture and after 96 hours was obtained
respectively 2.128 ± 0.375 and 2.1 ± 0.69 which showed respectively an increase of 61 ٪, 91٪, 77 ٪, and 83٪ in proportion to the acquired amount from control group. When enriching solution was added to either algae culture medium from the beginning of culture, showed statistically significant differences (P<0.05) between dosages of 0 and 2 ml.l-1, 1 and 2 ml.l-1, and 0.5 and 2 ml enriching solution per each liter of Chlorella sp. culture medium and between dosages of 0 and 1 ml.l-1, and 0 and 2 ml enriching solution per each liter of S. obliquus culture medium.
The highest average of body weight gain percentage and specific growth rate of kutum fry was obtained respectively 21.19%, 26.63%, 1.92, and 2.34 from the beginning of culture and after 96 hours with dosage of 1 ml B group vitamins per each liter of Chlorella sp. culture medium, which showed respectively an increase of 50%, 70%, 46%, and 62% in proportion to the acquired amount from control group. In the cases which Chlorella sp. were grown in the medium containing vitamin, from point of view of the average percentage of weight and specific growth rate of kutum fry significant differences were observed on the basis of the result of One-way ANOVA between dosages of 0 and 1, 1 and 2 , 0.5 and 1 ml B group vitamins per each liter.
The highest average of body weight gain percentage and specific growth rate of kutum fry was obtained respectively 32.02%, 29.42%, 2.78, and 2.34 from the beginning of culture and after 96 hours with dosage of 2 ml B group vitamins per each liter of S. obliquus culture medium, which showed respectively an increase of 32%, 19%, 28%, and 17% in proportion to the acquired amount from control group. In the cases which S. obliquus were grown in the medium containing vitamin, from point of view of the average percentage of weight and specific growth rate of kutum fry significant differences were observed on the basis of the result of One-way ANOVA between dosages of 0 and 1, 0 and 2.
According to the results of the present research we can say that considerable enhancement in the quality of the food of D. magna can be made by manipulation of the nutritional value of fresh water unicellular green algae with suitable mixture of B group vitamins, so that both the fecundity of D. magna will increase and the nutritional requirements of the kutum fry will be filled in this way
Seasonal relative abundance of fish larvae in Helleh River estuary (north of the Persian Gulf, Iran)
No full textPaighambari SY, Pouladi M, Parsa M, Mehdipour N, Haghighatjou N, Jabaleh A, Hedayati A. 2017. Seasonal relative abundance of fish larvae in Helleh River estuary (north of the Persian Gulf, Iran). Biodiversitas 18: 541-547. Study of abundance and composition of fish larvae in order to examine their association with salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen and transparency was conducted in Helleh River estuary in the north of the Persian Gulf. Samples were collected using Bongo net with 500 μm mesh size and 60 cm mouth diameter size in five selected stations from August 2011 to May 2012. Generally, 1637 fish larvae were isolated from 19 families that most of them were belong to Clupeidae. Seasonal relative abundance (SRA) of fish larvae varied and Clupeidae (39.90%) and Gobiidae (14.35%) in summer; Clupeidae (26.23%) and Sparidae (21.82%) in autumn; Clupeidae (34.43%) and Hemiramphidae (12.02%) in winter; Clupeidae (47.93%) and Sparidae (13.67%) in spring were most abundant than others. Overall, families namely Clupeidae (39.28%), Gobiidae (12.58%) and Sparidae (10.57%) had the highest and Carangidae (0.92%) had the lowest relative abundance during the sampling period. ANOVA test also showed a significant difference between summer and autumn with spring and winter (P<0.05). According to CCA, in stations 4 and 5 in summer; stations 5 in autumn; stations 4 and 5 in winter; and stations 4 and 5 in spring with the highest relative abundance of fish larvae, salinity and temperature and partially transparency and in stations 2, 3 and 4 in autumn, stations 2 and 3 in spring, dissolved oxygen had significant correlation with fish larvae abundance in this estuary.</jats:p
Spatio-Temporal Pattern of Phytoplankton Assemblages in the Southern Part of the Caspian Sea
No full textEmergent GUP from modified Hawking radiation in Einstein–NED theory
No full textWe present a general procedure for constructing exact black hole (BH) solutions with a magnetic charge in the context of nonlinear electrodynamics (NED) theory as well as in the coherent state approach to noncommutative geometry (NCG). In this framework, the Lagrangian density for a noncommutative Hayward BH is obtained and the weak energy condition is satisfied. The noncommutative Hayward solution depends on two kind of charges, without which the Schwarzschild solution is applicable. Moreover, to find a link between the BH evaporation and uncertainty relations, we may calculate the Hawking temperature and find the effect of the Lagrangian density of BHs on the Hawking radiation. Therefore, a generalized uncertainty principle (GUP) emerges from the modified Hawking temperature in Einstein–NED theory. The origin of this GUP is the combined influence of a nonlinear magnetic source and an intrinsic property of the manifold associated with a fictitious charge. Finally, we find that there is an upper bound on the Lagrangian uncertainty of the BHs that is caused by the NED field and (or) the fictitious charge.The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the pdf file of the accepted manuscript may differ slightly from what is displayed on the item page. The information in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript reflects the original submission by the author
Meeting death and embracing existential loneliness: A cancer patient�s experience of being the sole author of his life
No full textFacing the truth of death in silence instead of fearing and denying it enables people to regain their freedom. This qualitative case study aimed to illuminate the meaning of a single person�s experience of confronting death and living with cancer. The transcripts of unstructured interviews were analyzed using the hermeneutic phenomenological method. Data analysis led to extraction of four themes including �Confronting death, meeting nonbeing and longing for being�, �Embracing existential loneliness, responsibility and freedom�, �Taking over the mind, living mindfully, a meaningful life�, and �Flourishing authentic self-love, moving in the path of caring and healing the self�. © 2020, © 2020 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
Comparison of Optometry Students’ Confidence, Adherence, and Experience in Using Lensometry
No full textPurpose: To investigate the confidence levels of optometry students in performing lensometry and to identify factors influencing it.
Methods: This cross-sectional research was carried out on 51 undergraduate optometry students (26 fourth-term and 25 sixth-term) at Zahedan City, Iran, in 2024. Each participant provided feedback on the impact of the lensometry training on their confidence levels via a four-section structured questionnaire using a census sampling method. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and multiple regression model were employed to analyze information. The significance level was set at 0.05. All analyses were performed using SPSS ver. 26.0.
Results: Fourth-term students had a significantly higher mean confidence score (55.19) than sixth term students (55.19 vs. 49.72; p = 0.03). The mean lensometry experience score was also notably higher for fourth-term than sixth-term students (11.88 vs. 10.40; p = 0.03). A significant positive association was detected between lensometry experience and student confidence (r = 0.69, p < 0.001). Additionally, there was a moderate direct association between adherence to basic principles and confidence (r = 0.53, p < 0.001). Confidence in performing lensometry for bifocal lenses (74.50%) was significantly higher compared to progressive lenses (31.37%), which correlated with more experience in bifocal lensometry (70.59% vs. 25.49%). Notably, 89.54% of students lacked experience in reading prism, resulting in lower confidence (21.85%).
Conclusion: Sixth-term students exhibited lower confidence and less lensometry experience than fourth-term students. All students reported lower confidence in performing lensometry on complex lenses. Continuous evaluation of students, giving them appropriate feedback, providing basic training with computer simulators, and doing more exercises with these tools can be useful in solving this problem
