78 research outputs found
Prospects of liberalization for S&T policies in Russia: institutional analysis
Get PDFThe objective of the paper is to define the trajectory of economic institutional reforms in Russia as a framework of S&T policies. The methodology of this research is based upon the institutional matrices theory (Кирдина, 2001; Kirdina, 2003). The hypothesis claims that the “institutional nature” of Russia defines its prospects of liberalization and needs the active implementation of liberal market institutions policy only within a framework of modernization of redistributive state economic system. Modern S&T policy in Russia demonstrates the implications of such kind of development. The new institutional form of State Corporation that is non-profit organization under government regulation has been widely developed for last 3 years. The main sphere of State Corporations activity is high-tech development. The share of State Corporations in the state budget is more than 20% and it is constantly increasing.institutional matrices theory; X- and Y-economies; Russia; state regulation; S&T policy
Analyzing the Mechanical Behavior of Polymer and Composite Materials by Means of Unique Method of Deformation Calorimetry
No full textConflicting patterns of thought in the Russian debate on transition: 2003-2007
Get PDFThis article is a continuation of two essays by the same author on Soviet/Russian economic debates between 1987 and 2002 published in Europe-Asia Studies in 2006 and 2007, so now the series of articles covers 20 years of Soviet/Russian discussions on economic reforms. Should Russia strive to become a 'Western' country marked by democracy and a market economy serving the individual interests of its citizens, or was it more important to become a great power again? Are Western patterns of political and economic life suitable for Russia or is the attempt to import foreign institutional structures doomed for failure, making it necessary for Russia to find her own way? This type of question, going far beyond the realm of economics, was and still is at the heart of the debate among Russian economists, which shall be discussed here, on the basis of a qualitative content analysis of the most important economic journals and selected monographs. --
Scythian blade weapon in the studies of archaeologists of kyiv scientific school
No full textThe article discusses the history of studies of Scythian swords and daggers by the researchers of Kyiv
scientific school. The author critically analyzes the main theories referring to the general and particular
questions of blade weapon research.
The paper considers the questions of the origin and distribution and examines the problems of their
usage in battles and in rituals. The question of the Scythian sword origin there are three main hypothesis
outlined: Near East theory (by M. Rostovtsev and A. Meliukova), Central Asia theory (A. Terenozhkin,
V. Murzin, V. Klochko), and North Caucasus theory (O. Lieskov, Ye. Chernenko, S. Skoryi, S. Makhortykh,
Yu. Boltryk). The third version is considered as most common and scientifically grounded.
The ritual function of swords an daggers was analyzed by S. Bessonova in the context of research of the
Scythian religion. A philosophical search has a prominent place in the articles by Yu. Boltryk. Theoretical
studies of military affairs were conducted by E. Chernenko and S. Skoryi.
Since the beginning of the 21st century, researchers pay more attention to the interpretation of chance
finds. S. Skoryi joins the debate about the Scythian routs to the Central Europe. Distribution of swords and
daggers in the Black Sea region were analyzed by Yu. Boltryk.
The general perspective shows the concept of studying weapon as a social and ethnic marker. Recently,
researchers are increasingly paying attention to the possible ethno-cultural specifics of the Scythian weapon.
The issue of social and ethnic interpretation were examined by S. Skoryi, D. Grechko and S. Makhortykh.
Today most investigators assume that the Scythian nomads were the main carriers of blade weapon in the
area of Eastern Europe Forest-Steppe.Статтю присвячено історії вивчення мечів та кинджалів скіфського часу дослідниками київ-
ської школи археології
Institutional matrices and institutional changes
Get PDFThis article represents a paper for the 5th International Symposium on Evolutionary Economics “Economic Transformation and Evolutionary Theory of J. Schumpeter” (Pushchino, Moscow region, Russia, 25-27 September, 2003). There is shown, that the comparison of two well-known works of Josef Schumpeter (“The Theory of Economic Development” and “Capitalism, Socialism, and Democracy”) displays a discrepancy between the two visions of development of market economic systems – evolutionary and transformational, i.e. non-evolutionary transition into a qualitatively different state. No theoretical schema that would reconcile logically these two visions was left to us by Schumpeter. Is it possible to deal with this discrepancy in a correct way? What in economy changes evolutionarily and what is transformed? What structures persist and where is the room for institutional changes? An attempt to find the answer within the framework of the theory of institutional matrices is presented.institutional matrices theory Schumpeter institutional changes
Phylogeny and structural modeling of the transcription factor CsqR (YihW) from Escherichia coli
No full textAbstract CsqR (YihW) is a local transcription factor that controls expression of yih genes involved in degradation of sulfoquinovose in Escherichia coli. We recently showed that expression of the respective gene cassette might be regulated by lactose. Here, we explore the phylogenetic and functional traits of CsqR. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that CsqR had a conserved Met25. Western blot demonstrated that CsqR was synthesized in the bacterial cell as two protein forms, 28.5 (CsqR-l) and 26 kDa (CsqR-s), the latter corresponding to start of translation at Met25. CsqR-s was dramatically activated during growth with sulfoquinovose as a sole carbon source, and displaced CsqR-l in the stationary phase during growth on rich medium. Molecular dynamic simulations revealed two possible states of the CsqR-s structure, with the interdomain linker being represented by either a disordered loop or an ɑ-helix. This helix allowed the hinge-like motion of the N-terminal domain resulting in a switch of CsqR-s between two conformational states, “open” and “compact”. We then modeled the interaction of both CsqR forms with putative effectors sulfoquinovose, sulforhamnose, sulfoquinovosyl glycerol, and lactose, and revealed that they all preferred the same pocket in CsqR-l, while in CsqR-s there were two possible options dependent on the linker structure
Диагностическое и прогностическое значение нейронспецифичной енолазы и белка S-100 при вирусных энцефалитах у детей
Get PDFObjective – to study the dynamics of the level of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S-100 protein in blood serum and cerebrospinal fluid in children with various features of viral encephalitis course and outcome and to define their role in diagnostics and prognosis.Material and methods. 48 children aged from 1 month to 15 years were examined. Analysis of the level of NSE and S-100 protein was performed by the method of hardphase immune-enzyme analysis.Results. A reliable increase of the level of S-100 protein in blood serum was identified in comparison with the control group in both acute and reconvalescence periods. During acute period higher values of NSE in blood serum were found in children with herpesvirus encephalitis of various etiologies in comparison with varicella zoster encephalitis, and during reconvalescence period – higher values of S-100 protein. In case of the most severe course of the disease the level of NSE in cerebrospinal fluid was reliably higher in comparison with patients in severe condition. Children with convulsive syndrome demonstrated higher concentration of NSE in cerebrospinal fluid than patients without convulsions. In case of formation of stable neurologic deficiency during the disease outcome there was identified an increase of NSE concentration in blood serum in comparison with the recovered patients. It was also identified that if the values of NSE were >7.0 ng/ml, it was possible to predict unfavourable outcome of viral encephalitis with sensitivity of 61.54% and specificity of 71.43%. The highest values of neuron-specific proteins in blood serum were found in the dead patient with herpes encephalitis.Conclusion. Analysis of NSE and S-100 protein in pediatric viral encephalitis is characterized by diagnostic and prognostic significance, demonstrates their role in pathogenesis and can be used for therapy correction.Цель: изучить динамику уровня нейронспецифичной енолазы (NSE) и белка S-100 в сыворотке крови и ликворе у детей с различным характером течения и исхода вирусного энцефалита и определить их роль в диагностике и прогнозе.Материалы и методы: обследовано 48 детей в возрасте от 1 месяца до 15 лет. Исследование уровня NSE и белка S-100 осуществляли методом твердофазного иммуноферментного анализа.Результаты: установлено достоверное увеличение уровня белка S-100 в сыворотке крови по сравнению с контрольной группой, как в остром периоде, так и в периоде реконвалесценции. У детей с герпес-вирусными энцефалитами различной этиологии по сравнению с ветряночным энцефалитом в сыворотке крови в остром периоде обнаружены более высокие значения NSE, в стадии реконвалесценции более высокие значения белка S-100. При крайне тяжелом течении заболевания в ликворе уровень NSE был достоверно выше по сравнению с пациентами в тяжелом состоянии. У детей с судорожным синдромом концентрация NSE в ликворе была выше, чем у больных без судорог. При формировании в исходе заболевания стойкого неврологического дефицита выявлено увеличение концентрации NSE в сыворотке крови по сравнению с выздоровевшими пациентами. Установлено, что при значениях NSE, превышающих 7,0 нг/мл, можно прогнозировать неблагоприятный исход вирусного энцефалита с чувствительностью 61,54% и специфичностью 71,43%. Максимально высокие значения НСБ в сыворотке крови обнаружены у умершего пациента с герпетическим энцефалитом.Заключение. Исследование NSE и белка S-100 при вирусных энцефалитах у детей обладает диагностической и прогностической значимостью, указывает на их роль в патогенезе и может быть использовано для коррекции терапии
Values and preferences for hepatitis C self-testing among people who inject drugs in Kyrgyzstan
Get PDFAbstract Background The prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) among people who inject drugs (PWID) continues to be a major public-health burden in this highly stigmatised population. To halt transmission of HCV, rapid HCV self-testing kits represent an innovative approach that could enable PWID to know their HCV status and seek treatment. As no HCV test has yet been licenced for self-administration, it is crucial to obtain knowledge around the factors that may deter or foster delivery of HCV self-testing among PWID in resource-constrained countries. Methods A qualitative study to assess values and preferences relating to HCV self-testing was conducted in mid-2020 among PWID in the Bishkek and Chui regions of Kyrgyzstan. Forty-seven PWID participated in 15 individual interviews, two group interviews (n = 12) and one participatory action-research session (n = 20). Responses were analysed using a thematic analysis approach with 4 predefined themes: awareness of HCV and current HCV testing experiences, and acceptability and service delivery preferences for HCV self-testing. Informants’ insights were analysed using a thematic analysis approach. This research received local ethics approval. Results Awareness of HCV is low and currently PWID prefer community-based HCV testing due to stigma encountered in other healthcare settings. HCV self-testing would be accepted and appreciated by PWID. Acceptability may increase if HCV self-testing: was delivered in pharmacies or by harm reduction associations; was free of charge; was oral rather than blood-based; included instructions with images and clear information on the test’s accuracy; and was distributed alongside pre- and post-testing counselling with linkage to confirmatory testing support. Conclusions HCV self-testing could increase awareness of and more frequent testing for HCV infection among PWID in Kyrgyzstan. It is recommended that peer-driven associations are involved in the delivery of any HCV self-testing. Furthermore, efforts should be maximised to end discrimination against PWID at the healthcare institutions responsible for confirmatory HCV testing and treatment provision
The effect of schungite filler on the degree of crystallinity of polypropylene and polyethylene in ternary mixed composites
No full textHistory of the study of ancient ceramic imports from settlement monuments on the right bank of the Middle Dnipro in the 7th–5th centuries BC
Get PDFThe article analyses the historiography and research history of Greek imported ceramics from settlements and hillforts of the Middle Dnipro region. It is determined that the initial stage of studying such contacts was based primarily on the investigation of pre-colonial contacts. Researchers attempted to investigate the processes of Greek colonisation. Subsequently, efforts were made to determine the onset of colonization and to characterise pre-colonial interactions. This first period ended with the publication of N. Onayko’s synthesizing works. The researcher’s contribution and conceptual framework are analysed. The key works of the second half of the 20th century are outlined, and their contribution to the disclosure of the topic under study is indicated. In particular, the stage after the publication of N. Onayko’s works can be called the stage of accumulation of new material. Researchers worked with early Scythian sites, accumulating new materials. For example, S. Bessonova and S. Skoryi emphasise the importance of the Motronynske sites, providing a complete list of early Greek imports and drawing important conclusions about the earliest phase of Greek-Barbarian relations. The article also mentions the painted oinochoi described in the work by Y. Boltryk and O. Fialko "The Scythian Attack on the Trakhtemyrivske sites". The authors highlight the significance and uniqueness of this vessel in the context of the Greek-Barbarian trade. It is emphasised that the early stage of Greek-Barbarian relations, namely the 7th–6th centuries BC, was limited in scale and somewhat chaotic, trade was conducted exclusively in expensive goods, and craft production had not yet become widespread. Importantly, there is no comprehensive modern catalogue of all known finds of ancient ceramic imports at the sites of this region.У статті проаналізовано історіографічну базу та історію дослідження щодо знайдених античних керамічних артефактів із городищ та поселень Правобережжя Середнього Дніпра. Встановлено важливість окреслених робіт для вивчення надходження античного імпорту на пам’ятки автохтонного населення регіону та перспективи подальших досліджень у цьому напрямі
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