488 research outputs found
Revoca o modifica delle concessioni idriche per motivi di compatibilità ambientale
No full textVengono analizzate le concessioni di acqua pubblica disciplinate dall'ordinamento. Vengono quindi ricostruiti i principi generali in tema di revoca e modifica unilaterale delle concessioni di beni pubblici in generale, con particolare riferimento alla posizione giuridica soggettiva del concessionario. Si verifica altresì l'impatto innovativo della normativa sulla pianificazione di bacino
La politica della privacy tra tutela dei diritti e garanzia dei sistemi
No full textattualmente in stamp
Il carteggio Gianfrancesco Malfatti - Giordano Riccati
No full textGianfrancesco Malfatti (1731-1807), one of Vincenzo Riccati’s brightest students during his teaching years in Bologna, following his master’s death begun a significant scientific correspondence with Vincenzo’s younger brother Giordano (1709-1790), an eclectic scholar and author of a treatise on acoustics. The correspondence, which is published here in full, is kept in the Public Library Vincenzo Joppi of Udine, and cover a wide time span from October 1777 to May 1789, a few months before Giordano’s death. It consists of 125 letters, 61 by Malfatti and 64 by Riccati, the latters being copies made by Riccati himself. The topics discussed range from different areas of mathematics: logarithms of negative numbers, calculus of variations, probability and combinatorics, mathematical physics, in particular mechanics and acoustics
A robust cardinality-constrained model to address the machine loading problem
No full textSeveral deterministic models have been proposed in the literature to solve the machine loading problem (MLP), which considers a set of product types to be produced on a set of machines using a set of tool types, and determines the quantity of each product type to be produced at each time period and the corresponding machine tool loading configuration. However, processing times are subject to random increases, which could impair the quality of a deterministic solution. Thus, we propose a robust MLP counterpart, searching for an approach that properly describes the uncertainty set of model parameters and, at the same time, ensures practical application. We exploit the cardinality-constrained approach, which considers a simple uncertainty set where all uncertain parameters belong to an interval, and allows tuning the robustness level by bounding the number of parameters that assume the worst value. The resulting plans provide accurate estimations on the minimum production level that a system achieves even in the worst conditions. The applicability of the robust MLP and the impact of robustness level have been tested on several problem variants, considering single- vs multi-machine and single- vs multi-period MLPs. We also consider the execution of the plans in a set of scenarios to evaluate the practical implications of MLP robustness. Results show the advantages of the robust formulation, in terms of improved feasibility of the plans, identification of the most critical tools and products, and evaluation of the maximum achievable performance in relation to the level of protection. Moreover, low computational times guarantee the applicability of the proposed robust MLP counterpart
Effectiveness of antireflux surgery for the cure of chronic cough associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease.
No full textBACKGROUND: The effectiveness of surgical therapy for chronic cough secondary to gastroesophageal reflux disease remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of surgery and to identify the preoperative clinical profile that could predict the positive effects of treatment on chronic cough.
STUDY DESIGN: Of 299 patients who underwent antireflux surgery between 1995 and 2010, 67 patients were affected by chronic cough and typical symptoms. In addition, 83 patients with typical symptoms were selected to form the control group, according to the parameters of age, sex, and the period of surgical activity. Preoperatively, all patients underwent a workup, including symptom assessment, barium swallow, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, esophageal manometry, and 24-h pH recording or intraluminal impedance/pH monitoring in the absence of esophagitis. Patients with chronic cough also were administered a high-resolution computed tomography scan of the chest, a methacholine challenge test, and spirometry. Surgery was performed on patients positive for gastroesophageal reflux disease and negative for pulmonary diseases. The patients were followed up for a median of 84 months after surgery.
RESULTS: No significant differences in preoperative reflux symptoms or esophagitis were found between the two groups. After surgery, chronic cough was absent in 57 (85 %) patients. Of the ten patients who still reported chronic cough, reflux symptoms relapsed in five, two of whom developed esophagitis. In the other five patients, typical symptoms were absent, and their chronic cough had improved but had not disappeared.
CONCLUSIONS: Surgery is effective for the treatment of chronic cough secondary to gastroesophageal reflux disease, particularly if associated with severe and long-standing typical symptoms
Conduction abnormalities induced by sera of patients with multifocal motor neuropathy and anti‐GM1 antibodies
No full textIncreased titers of anti‐GM1 antibodies have been associated with motor neuron disease and motor neuropathy with or without conduction block. To investigate the pathogenetic role of anti‐GM1 antibodies we injected into rat tibial nerves sera from patients with multifocal motor neuropathy and conduction block (MMN) or progressive spinal muscular atrophy (PMA), both presenting anti‐GM1 antibodies. Sera of patients with MMN produced reduction of amplitude and dispersion of compound muscle action potential from proximal stimulation. Morphometry revealed demyelination in 6.2% of fibers. Sera of patients with PMA did not produce clear‐cut electrophysiological or morphological changes. Differential effects of sera from patients presenting high‐titer anti‐GM1 antibodies, but with distinct clinical syndromes, might depend on differences in anti‐GM1 antibody affinity, valency, or ability to fix complement. Alternatively, circulating factors other than, or in addition to, anti‐GM1 antibodies present in sera of patients with MMN, but not of PMA patients, might be responsible for conduction abnormalities and reproduce them after passive transfer. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Copyright © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc
Siewert type I and II oesophageal adenocarcinoma: Sensitivity/specificity of computed tomography, positron emission tomography and endoscopic ultrasound for assessment of lymph node metastases in groups of thoracic and abdominal lymph node stations
No full textObjectives: In Siewert type I/II oesophageal adenocarcinoma, the sensitivity and specificity of computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET)-CT and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) for assessment of the N descriptor in defined groups of lymph nodes were investigated. Methods: CT, PET/CT, EUS images and the pathological data of 101 oesophageal adenocarcinomas submitted to primary resection were compared. The lymph nodes were identified as (a) right paratracheal/subcarinal/pulmonary ligament; (b) paraoesophageal; (c) paracardial; (d) left gastric artery, lesser curvature; (e) coeliac trunk, hepatic/splenic artery. Results: Of the 2451 lymph nodes identified, 273 (11.1%) were histologically positive. Overall sensitivity, specificity and negative and positive predictive value for detection of lymph nodes metastatic were respectively: CT sensitivity 39%, specificity 86%, negative 58% and positive 74% predictive value; PET/CT sensitivity 30%, specificity 98%, negative 58% and positive 93% predictive value; EUS sensitivity 50%, specificity 81%, negative 72% and positive 62% predictive value. The sensitivity of CT, PET/CT and EUS in the thoracic nodal groups (a) and (b) was, respectively, 58.3%, 7.1% and 87.5% and 33.3%, 20% and 80%. Sensitivity was below 47% for all tests in the abdominal nodal groups. In contrast, specificity (88.6-100%) was super imposable in all nodal groups. The strength of agreement among the 3 imaging techniques was poor (kappa < 0.30) for the thoracic anatomical groups of interest: (a) lower paratracheal/subcarinal/pulmonary ligament and (b) paraoesophageal; it was moderate/good (kappa >0.30) for the abdominal N groups of interest: c, d and e. Conclusions: The diagnostic performance of CT, PET and EUS for assessing the N descriptor in the paracardial and abdominal stations close to the primary tumour is not satisfactory. EUS can efficiently assess the presence/absence of nodal metastases in the thoracic stations
The History of Mathematics In Italy: The Role of Applications
No full textThe importance of the history of mathematics in mathematics teaching, both for the cultural education of the student and for the learning of the mathematical discipline itself, is widely shared and the subject of numerous proposals and research. Here we want to highlight and represent with examples three aspects that can increase the quality and interest of this approach: the use of primary historical sources, a connection with other disciplines and applications of mathematics, and themes inspired to recent research by historians of mathematics. We have chosen two current topics from this point of view, the first connected to the mechanics of motion and astronomy, inspired by research on Galileo and Jesuit science, the second connected to hydraulics and hydrodynamics, and inspired by studies on centuries-old Italian tradition in the science of waters
Idrodinamica e idraulica. Le raccolte sul moto delle acque. La questione del Reno
No full textThe aim of this thesis is to illustrate the role of mathematicians in the history of hydraulics in Italy
in the 18th century by focusing on two aspects.
The first aspect is more general and deals with the main contributions of Italian mathematicians to
the collections on the motion of water that were published in Italy in five editions between the 18th
and the first half of the 19th century in Florence, Parma and Bologna. The second aspect is more
specific and deals with the problem of the regulation of the river Reno.
The first part of the thesis is dedicated to an examination of five collections on the motion of water
that were printed in Italy between 1723 and 1845. There were two Florentine editions, one
published in three volumes in 1723 and the other published in nine volumes between 1765 and
1774. Another edition was edited by the Jesuit Jacopo Belgrado (1704-1789) in Parma in seven
volumes between 1766 and 1768. Bologna produced two editions, both of which were edited by
Francesco Cardinali (1776-1861) in the first half of 19th century. The first one was printed between
1821 and 1826 in ten volumes, while the second one was printed between 1823 and 1845 in seven
volumes. As these collections represent very difficult and expensive works, it is important to
identify not only the editors of them, but also the printers. In this PhD thesis the five collections on
the motion of water have been examined and compared. They contain both theoretical and practical
contributions to the science of waters, starting from the Hydrostatics by Archimedes. Many authors
appear in different editions, like the main exponents of the Galilean school: first of all Benedetto
Castelli, then Vincenzo Viviani and Famiano Michelini. The works of other important
mathematicians are in these collections, like Guido Grandi, Domenico Guglielmini, Eustachio
Manfredi. To facilitate consultation of and comparison between the five collections, a database has
been created and can be found at the end of the work (Tavole). It allows the user to research by
means of author, subject or collection.The prefaces of these five collections have been transcribed
and can be found in the appendix.
Many of these works share the same theme, i.e. the problem of the regulation of the river Reno, that
is connected with the second part of the thesis. Each collection on the water’s motion contains
papers on this subject.
The second part of the PhD thesis deals with the regulation of the river Reno in the middle of the
18th century and, in particular, with the visit of Cardinal Conti, that took place between 1761 and
1762. The Reno is an Italian river and before its deviation it was the main right tributary of the river
Po. This river had a very irregular path in the Po river plain between the provinces of Bologna,
Ferrara and Ravenna. In its lower course the Reno receives the water of numerous streams, some of
which are seasonal, that carries great quantities of stones and gravel. That’s why its floods were so
frequent and dangerous. From the 16th century on this problem became unacceptable and the
authorities whose job it was to deal with this damage decided to tackle the situation in a definitive
way. However, this was just the beginning of a long series of quarrels that involved the provinces of
Bologna, Ferrara and Ravenna. Many Italian mathematicians took part in this long debate. The first
chapter of the thesis involves a historical study of the sequences of the river Reno, regarding the
variations of its path and the main intervention in its regulation during the Medieval age (chapter
I.1), in the 15th and 16th centuries (chapter I.2), in the 17th century (chapter I.3) and in the first part
of the 18th century (chapter I.4). In chapters II, III and IV the main part of the thesis is developed.
The second chapter deals with projects for the Reno and debates between Bologna and Ferrara in
the period 1740 - 1760. It is divided into seven sections: Gabriele Manfredi as a mathematician
(chapter II.1), Manfredi’s project (chapter II.2), Manfredi’s scientific heritage (II.3), the Ferrarese
project by Bertaglia and Bonati (chapter II.4), Paolo Frisi ad a mathematician (chapter II.5), Frisi’s
project (chapter II.6), Fantoni’s project (chapter II.7). The third chapter is devoted to the so-called
“Visita Conti”, that took place between May 12th 1761 and July 5th 1762. All the issues related to
the “Visita Conti” are described in the third chapter: Tommaso Perelli as a mathematician (chapter
III.1), Tommaso Perelli and the visit of the cardinal Conti (chapter III.2), Perelli’s Relazione
(chapter III.3), Jacquier and Le Seur as mathematicians (chapter III.4), Jacquier’s and Le Seur’s
Parere (chapter III.5), the debate between Perelli and Jacquier (chapter III.6), Teodoro Bonati as a
mathematician (chapter III.7). The Visita Conti was not conclusive, so three other mathematicians
had to be consulted: the main one was the Jesuit Giovanni Antonio Lecchi (1702-1776), whose
project for the Reno was the definitive one. The fourth chapter is entirely dedicated to the figure of
Lecchi and to his plan for the settlement of the Reno: Lecchi as a mathematician (chapter IV.1), the
hydrodynamics and Boscovich (chapter IV.2), the three technicians (chapter IV.3), Lecchi’s plan
and its realization (chapter IV.4). The last chapter (chapter V) deals with some issues related to the
Reno’s path in the last year of the 18th century.
To complete the thesis three documents have been transcribed. Two of them are manuscripts: the
summary of the Visita Conti and twenty-two letters from Giovanni Antonio Lecchi to Ruggiero
Giuseppe Boscovich. The other one has been already published: it is the report of the Visita Conti
by Tommaso Perelli: Relazione sopra il regolamento delle acque delle tre province
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