43 research outputs found
Gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting for the detection of casein proteolysis in cheese
No full textThe whole N fraction of six samples of hard and semi-hard pressed cheeses was analysed using PAGE, polyacrylanzide gel isoelectric focusing and immunoblotting with polyclonal antibodies against beta- and alpha(s1)-casein. The origin of some electrophoretic bands corresponding to peptides produced from the enzymic degradation of the casein fractions was established. A number of these peptides were also present in the in vitro hydrolysates of casein with plasmin and chymosin. Thus, it was also possible to determine which casein was the source of each peptide and which enzymes were active in cheese. Compared with the traditional Coomassie staining procedures, immunoblotting is more sensitive and specific, making the interpretation of each electrophoretic profile easy. Thus, it was also possible to obtain a clear picture of the state of each casein fraction in a cheese variety. Two main peptides were isolated from the pH 4.6-insoluble N fraction of Parmigiano-Reggiano using DEAE-cellulose chromatography and identified, from the amino acid sequence of the N- and C-terminal ends, as gamma(3)-casein ( (beta-casein(f108-209)) and alpha(s1)-PL1 (alpha(s1)-casein(f80-199). In both cases, a Lys-X bond was hydrolysed, indicating the action of a trypsin-like enzyme in beta- and alpha(s1)-casein hydrolysis during the ripening of this variety of hard pressed cheese
Determination of ovine casein heterogeneity using gel electrophoresis and immunochemical techniques
No full textDetermination of ovine casein heterogeneity using gel electrophoresis and immunochemical techniques
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Bone complications in patients with multiple myeloma in five European countries: A retrospective patient chart review
No full textBackground: Bone complications (pathologic fracture, spinal cord compression, surgery to bone and radiation to bone) are a common problem in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). We set out to provide insights into the real-world burden of bone complications in patients with newly diagnosed MM (NDMM). Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of medical charts of patients with NDMM whose disease had progressed following first-line treatment in the 3 months before data collection in 2016 in five European countries (France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom). Results: The aggregated study population included 813 patients. Bone pain commonly led to MM diagnosis (63%) and 74% of all patients had two or more bone lesions at initiation of first-line treatment. Furthermore, 26% of patients experienced a new bone complication between MM diagnosis and disease progression following first-line treatment, despite 75% of individuals receiving bisphosphonates. Most bone complications (52%) occurred in the period before initiation of first-line treatment (mean duration: 2.3 months) and more than half of patients (56%) who experienced a new bone complication were hospitalised. Analgesics were used more frequently in patients with bone complications than in those without them (76% vs 50%, respectively). Furthermore, 51% of patients had renal impairment by the time first-line treatment was started. Overall, 25% of patients did not receive bisphosphonates for prevention of bone complications and one in four of those with renal impairment at initiation of first-line treatment did not receive bisphosphonates. Conclusions: Bone complications are common in patients with NDMM. They are frequently associated with hospitalization and analgesic use. Data from this study, conducted in the era of novel anti-myeloma therapies and before the approval of denosumab for use in patients with MM, suggest that although most patients (75%) received bisphosphonates, use of anti-resorptive therapy for prevention of bone complications may be suboptimal in patients with NDMM, irrespective of renal function
Gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting for the detection of casein proteolysis in cheese
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