2,207 research outputs found
Sigara (Subsigara) samani subsp. samani samani Hoberlandt 1952
No full textSigara (Subsigara) samani samani Hoberlandt, 1952 Material examined. ASIAN TURKEY: Adana province: Çatalan env., Çatalan Barajı [dam] (N 37°16'07.8" E 35°17'34.2"), littoral, 143 m a.s.l., 8.v.2007, 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀, P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC); 10 km N Adana, Karaömerli env., littoral of Seyhan Barajı [dam] (N 37°07' E 35°20'), 80 m a.s.l., 21.–22.vi.2001, 4 ♂♂ 1 ♀, M. Fikáček, J. Hájek & J. Straka lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC); Misis [= Yakapınar], 20.–22.vi.1952, 1 ♂, 4.vii.1962, 5 ♀♀, G. Seidenstücker lgt. & det., P. Kment revid. (NMPC). Asian Turkey. Hoberlandt (1952a, types), Seidenstücker (1959, as S. samani), Linnavuori (1965, as S. samani), Jansson (1986a, in map as revised; 1995); Önder et al. (2006); this paper. Turkey (not distinguished). Nieser & Moubayed (1985, as S. samani), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001). General distribution. Southern Anatolia, western Syria, Lebanon, Israel (Nieser & Moubayed 1985; Jansson 1986a, 1995) Identification. Jansson (1986a,b).Published as part of Fent, Meral, Kment, Petr, Çamur-Elipek, Belgin & Kirgiz, Timur, 2011, Annotated catalogue of Enicocephalomorpha, Dipsocoromorpha, Nepomorpha, Gerromorpha, and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Turkey, with new records 2856, pp. 1-84 in Zootaxa 2856 (1) on page 23, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2856.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/528671
Cheiroseius samani Mehranian 2014
No full textCheiroseius samani Mehranian , 2014 Cheiroseius samani Mehranian, 2014: 350. TYPE DEPOSITORY: Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. TYPE LOCALITY AND HABITAT: Neyshabur, 35 ° 50´N, 58 ° 20´E, Khorasan Razavi Province, Iran, in soil of apple orchard.Published as part of De Moraes, Gilberto J., Britto, Erika P. J., Mineiro, Jefferson L. De C. & Halliday, Bruce, 2016, Catalogue of the mite families Ascidae Voigts & Oudemans, Blattisociidae Garman and Melicharidae Hirschmann (Acari: Mesostigmata), pp. 1-299 in Zootaxa 4112 (1) on page 152, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4112.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/39947
Sensitivity analysis of Hargreaves Samani equation components for Bebedouro region - SP
No full textThe estimation of reference evapotranspiration (ETo) subsidizes the calculations of water consumption in irrigated agriculture. The use of simpler methodologies are common however should be carefully studied. The present study evaluated the sensitivity of the Hargreaves -Samani equation compared to the standard Penman-Monteith -FAO to estimate ETo for the climatic conditions of the Bebedouro-SP region, simulating the effects of increasing and decreasing 5 % in the temperatures, resulting in ten different scenarios (PM -Penman-Montheit -FAO; S0 -original Hargreaves Samani; S1 to S8 -modified Hargreaves Samani). The obtained results of sensitivity, linear regression, accuracy and concordance index, were compared. We concluded that the Hargreaves -Samani equation overestimates the monthly values of the ETo in 13% compared to the standard method. A variation of 5% in maximum and minimum temperatures resulted in errors of up to 1 mm day-1 (monthly average) and this increase is more expressive in maximum temperature.A estimativa da evapotranspiração de referência (ETo) subsidia os cálculos de consumo de água na agricultura irrigada. O uso de metodologias mais simples são comuns, porém devem ser criteriosamente estudadas. No presente estudo avaliou-se a sensibilidade da equação de Hargreaves - Samani frente ao padrão Penman-Monteith - FAO, na estimativa da ETo, para as condições climáticas da região de Bebedouro-SP, simulando os efeitos de acréscimos e decréscimos de 5% nas temperaturas, resultando em dez cenários distintos (PM - Penman-Montheit - FAO; S0 - Hargreaves Samani original; S1 à S8 - Hargreaves Samani - com alterações). Os resultados foram comparados em sensibilidade, por regressão linear, precisão e o índice de concordância. Conclui-se que a equação de Hargreaves - Samani superestima valores mensais de ETo em 13% comparado ao método padrão. Uma variação de 5% nas temperaturas máximas e mínimas resultaram em erros de até 1 mm dia-1, sendo o acréscimo mais expressivo na temperatura máxima.Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Ciência Agrárias e Veterinárias Departamento de Engenharia RuralUniversidade Federal de Viçosa Departamento de Engenharia AgrícolaUniversidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Ciência Agrárias e Veterinárias Departamento de Engenharia Rura
"Uzbekistan. Mausoleo de Ismail Samani, Bukkara" Siglo IX-X"
No full textMontada sobre soporte cartón 266 x 206 mm.1 positivo en b/n 160 x 104 mmEn: Early muslim architecture by K.A.C. Creswell, C.B.E. Volume II: early abbasids, umayyads os Cordova afhalahids, tulunids and samanids A.D. 751-905 New York, Hacker art books, 1979En el reverso sello de descripción de museo y numero de negativo A 256/5 reprodCopia moderna de dos ilustraciones del Masueleo de Ismail Samani en Bukhara, en Uzbekistan, dedicado a Ismail Samani, fundador de la dinastía samaní, con simbolos zoroastricos. Plate 119 c) Interior; 119 e) setting of domeUnidad documenta
Application of linear and nonlinear vibration absorbers for the nonlinear beam under moving load
No full textRecently, a large amount of studies have been related to nonlinear systems with multi-degrees of freedom as well as continuous systems. The purpose of this paper is to optimize passive vibration absorbers in linear and nonlinear states for an Euler-Bernoulli beam with a nonlinear vibratory behavior under concentrated moving load. The goal parameter in the optimization is maximum deflection of the beam. The large deformation for beam modeling is considered, i.e. the relation between strains and deflections is nonlinear. The force magnitude and beam length are two effective factors for the beam deflection. Vibration absorber with linear damping and linear or nonlinear stiffness is also considered in this manuscript. The results show that, for normal forces and short beams, linear and nonlinear models have similar behaviors, while surveying nonlinear behavior is necessary by increasing the force and length of the beam, i.e. large deflections. Moreover, the difference between linear and nonlinear beam models for regular force magnitudes and beam lengths is negligible. For higher loads and longer beams, beam model nonlinearity can be important. Results demonstrate that,in the presented numerical values (train bridge application) for cubic nonlinear vibration absorber, there are two optimal locations for vibration absorber installation: one inclined from the middle of the beam to the direction of moving loads and the second which is more interestingly inclined from the middle of the beam to moving loads in the opposite direction. Moreover, depending on the model's numerical parameters, for short beams, linear vibration absorber is more effective, while for long beams, cubic nonlinear beam behaves better than the linear one
Penman-Monteith with missing data and Hargreaves-Samani for ETo estimation in Espírito Santo state, Brazil
No full textABSTRACT The Penman-Monteith method (PM-FAO) is recommended as standard for calculation of reference evapotranspiration (ETo). However, its use requires a series of meteorological variables that is not normally available, restricting its application in many locations. A solution to the problem of unavailability of meteorological data was presented in FAO Bulletin 56, which contains methodologies for estimating wind speed, solar radiation and relative humidity. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the performance of the PM-FAO methodologies for missing data and Hargreaves-Samani as alternatives to the PM-FAO standard method at different time scales and seasons for the municipalities of Linhares and São Mateus, located in the northern region of the state of Espírito Santo. The comparison was performed using linear regression parameters (β0 and β1), coefficient of determination, standard error of estimation (SEE) and coefficient of performance. The best alternative to the standard PM-FAO standard method for estimating ETo in the studied area was the Penman-Monteith method with missing wind speed data, since the R2 for this method always remained above 0.94 and the confidence coefficient was classified as great, for all seasons and scales. The Hargreaves-Samani method did not present satisfactory performance, with R2 below 0.7, regardless of the time scale and time of the year, and it yielded the greatest SEE (1.0 mm d-1) at spring on a two-day scale. Thus, its use in the northern region of the Espírito Santo state is not recommended.</div
Ololaelaps elongatus Babaeian & Ghobari & Samani 2019, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Ololaelaps elongatus</i> Babaeian sp. nov. <p>(Figures 12–25)</p> <p> <i>Material examined</i>. Holotype: female, Iran, Kurdestan Province, Marivan-Saghez, 35˚32’ N, 46˚18’ E, 1345 m, 14- May-2017, soil detritus, H. Ghobari coll.. Paratypes: three females, same data as holotype. The type materials are deposited in the Jalal Afshar Zoological Museum (JAZM), Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran (holotype and three paratypes).</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> The new species may be distinguished from congeners by the combination of the following character states—Dorsal shield elongate (ratio length/width 1.76 (1.80–1.93), with 39 pairs of moderately long setae, except short setae <i>j1</i> and <i>z1</i>; with strip of soft cutucle exposed dorsolaterally. Sternal shield markedly elongate (ratio length/width 1.50 (1.55–1.57), fused laterally with endopodals III–IV; poroid <i>iv3</i> and seta <i>St4</i> inserted on unsclerotised soft cuticle. Genitiventrianal shield relatively elongate, anterior portion narrow, not contiguous to acetabula IV; shield reticulate and bearing four pairs of acicular pre-anal setae (<i>St5</i>, <i>Zv1</i>, <i>Jv1</i>, <i>Jv2</i>). Metapodal shield fused to genitiventrianal shield on the right side or both sides. Ventral soft integument with nine pairs of opisthogastric setae. Peritrematal shields fused with exopodal shields IV, and free from genitiventrianal shield.</p> <p> <b>Description. Female</b> (n=4). <i>Dorsal idiosoma</i> (Figure 16). Dorsal shield 470 (480–495) µm long and 267 (248– 272) µm wide, ratio length/width 1.76 (1.80–1.93), nearly parallel-sided from level of <i>r3</i> to <i>S3</i>, with distinct scalelike sculpture throughout, and 39 pairs of long and delicate setae, length progressively increasing in from anterior to posterior; 22 pairs (<i>j1–j6</i>, <i>z1–z6</i>, <i>s1–s6</i>, <i>r2–r5</i>) in podonotal area and 17 pairs (<i>J1–J5</i>, <i>Z1–Z5</i>, <i>Px2–Px3</i>, <i>S1–S5</i>) in opisthonotal area. Dorsal shield with 18 pairs of pore-like structures, of which 14 pairs appear nonsecretory (lyrifissures) and four pairs secretory (<i>gd1</i>, <i>gd6</i>, <i>gd8</i>, <i>gd9</i>).</p> <p> <i>Ventral idiosoma</i> (Figure 20, 27, 28). Tritosternum with columnar base 35 (25–32) µm and pilose laciniae 74 (69–77) µm, free presternal shields abutting anterior margin of sternal shield; sternal shield elongate, 161 (156–168) µm long and 106 (99–109) µm wide, ratio length/width 1.50 (1.55–1.57), reticulated throughout except in posterior quarter, bearing three pairs of subequal setae (<i>St1</i>: 32 (27–30) µm, <i>St2</i>: 32 (30) µm, <i>St3</i>: 30 (25–28) µm) and two pairs of lyrifissures (<i>iv1</i>, <i>iv2</i>); seta <i>St4</i> and lyrifissure <i>iv3</i> on soft cuticle (Figure 27). Genitiventrianal shield longer than wide, 260 (257–285) µm long, 191 (181–186) µm wide, ratio of length/width 1.36 (1.40–1.53), reticulate throughout, outlines of polygonal sculptural cells curved; cells larger in anterior half; shield with four pairs of preanal setae: <i>St5</i> 26 (24–28) µm, <i>Zv1</i> 40 (37–42) µm, <i>Jv1</i> 42 (32–37) µm and <i>Jv2</i> 40 (35–42) µm long (Figure 22, 28). Para-anal setae 25 (17–20) µm and post-anal seta 17 (12–15) µm long. Peritrematal shield fused anteriorly with dorsal shield, at level near setae <i>z1</i>, and posteriorly fused to granulate parapodal element.</p> <p> <i>Gnathosoma</i> (Figures 17–19, 21, 29). Epistome subtriangular, with moderately denticulate margin (Figure 17). Hypostomal (<i>h1</i>, <i>h2</i>, <i>h3</i>) and capitular setae simple and smooth; deutosternal groove narrow, with six rows of 2–6 denticles each and a smooth ridge anteriorly; internal malae contiguous and finely fringed, lateral projections half the length of median one and more densely fringed; labrum prominent, blade-like, projecting to palp-genu, with pilose surface. Corniculi horn-like, moderately long. Salivary styli cylindrical, rounded at the tip and slightly thicker basally (Figure 19). Chelicerae with movable digit bidentate 66 (64–69) µm long (from tip to base), fixed digit c. 74 (71–74) µm long, with four teeth, including, total length c. 198 (203–210) µm, with fringed hyaline arthrodial process at its base; pilus dentilis setiform (Figure 21, 29). Palpi 136–156 µm long, with normal setation; palptarsal claw three-tined, basal tine slightly shorter (Figure 18).</p> <p> <i>Legs</i> (Figures 23–26). Length legs I–IV: 527 (495–522) µm, 365 (347–359) µm, 286 (245–277) µm, 455 (398– 465) µm. Setation of legs I–IV as follows: coxae 2, 2, 2, 1; trochanters 6, 5, 5, 5; femora 13 (2 3/1 2/3 2), 11 (2 3/1 2/2 1), 6 (1 2/1 1/0 1), 6 (1 2/1 1/0 1); genua 13 (2 3/2 3/1 2), 11 (2 3/1 2/1 2), 9 (2 2/1 2/1 1), 9 (2 2/1 3/0 1); tibiae 13 (2 3/2 3/1 2), 10 (2 2/1 2/1 2), 8 (2 1/1 2/1 1), 10 (2 1/1 3/1 2). Setae <i>av</i> on femur and genu II, <i>pd</i> on femur IV and <i>pl</i> on genu IV thickened. Tarsi II–IV each with 18 setae (3 7/5 3).</p> <p> <i>Etymology</i>. The species name “ <i>elongatus</i> ” refers to the elongate character of the species, especially its elongate dorsal and sternal shields.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> <i>Ololaelaps elongatus</i> Babaeian <b>sp. nov.</b> differs from the closely related species <i>O</i>. <i>mooiensis</i> Ryke, 1962, <i>O</i>. <i>tasmanicus</i> (Womersley, 1956), <i>O</i>. <i>bregetovae</i> Shereef & Soliman, 1980 and <i>O</i>. <i>paratasmanicus</i> (Ryke, 1962) by its very elongate sternal shield (reaching to a level near mid-coxa IV), fusion of posterolateral angles of sternal shield with endopodals III–IV, and also posterior end of peritrematal shield to exopodals IV.</p>Published as part of <i>Babaeian, Esmaeil, Ghobari, Hamed & Samani, Kyumars Mohammadi, 2019, Redescription of Ololaelaps tasmanicus (Womersley, 1956) and description of a new species of Ololaelaps Berlese (Acari: Laelapidae) from Iran, pp. 351-364 in Zootaxa 4629 (3)</i> on pages 357-361, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4629.3.3, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/3271027">http://zenodo.org/record/3271027</a>
Estimation of Global Solar Radiation from SAURAN stations using air temperature-based models Hargreaves and Samani and Clemence models
No full textMSc (Physics)Department of PhysicsKnowledge of the amount of solar radiation available in a location is important for solar energy systems, architectural designs, agronomy, and installation of pyranometers. Some developing countries do not have good quality meteorological stations that can directly measure global solar radiation. Thus, several empirical methods were developed to estimate global solar radiation. This study uses two temperature-based models which are Hargreaves - Samani and Clemence models. Four selected stations from the Southern African Universities Radiometric Network (SAURAN) for this study are University of KwaZulu–Natal, Howard college (KZH), University of Stellenbosch (SUN), Nelson Mandela University (NMU) and University of Venda (UNV). A three-year (2014-2016) temperature data for each station were sourced from SAURAN. The performance of the two models was validated using statistical analysis that is, Mean Percentage Error (MPE), Mean Bias Error (MBE), Root Mean Square (RMSE), Coefficient of Determination (R2) and t-statistical value (t). Both models obtained acceptable values of MBE, MPE, RMSE, R2 and t in KZH, NMU and UNV stations. Both models achieved the best values of MBE from 2014 to 2016, ranging from -0.0099 to 0.0147 in KZH station, followed by NMU with MBE values ranging from - 0.0293 to -0.0014, -0.0104 to 0.0330 for SUN station, 0.0241 to 0.0245 for UNV station. The models achieved MPE values between ± 10 % in all the stations. The R2 values for both models are close to 1, while the t-statistic values of one, which is less than critical value, was achieved by the models from all selected stations. This suggests that both models have got capacity to estimate global solar radiation in all the selected areas of study. However, the higher values of MBE and RMSE also revealed high level of overestimation by the models in SUN station. Therefore, this study has found evidence that both Hargreaves - Samani & Clemence models can be best recommended for estimating global solar radiation in KZH, NMU and UNV stations and areas with similar climatic and meteorological conditions.NR
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