434 research outputs found
UNILATERAL ENTRAPMENT OF RENAL ARTERY BY DIAPHRAGMATIC CRUS Shruthi B N
Get PDFRenal artery entrapment by the diaphragmatic crus is a very infrequent cause of renovascular hypertension. Renal arteriography confirms a 50% reduction in diameter (stenosis) of the renal artery entrapped by the diaphragmatic crus. During routine dissection for undergraduates in an adult male cadaver the extrinsic compression of renal artery was observed on right side. Crus of the diaphragm were passing anterior to renal artery causing compression of renal artery. On left side it was normal. It is important to detect the aetiology of renal artery stenosis because correct diagnosis of renal artery entrapment is difficult but crucial. The investigations rely on a high index of suspicion and include Doppler ultrasound and spiral computed tomography angiography, which permits the visualization of the diaphragm and its relationships with the aorta. This pathology unlike common renal artery stenosis, requires surgical decompression and sometimes aortorenal bypass graft
Real-time processing and visualization of intensive care unit data
No full textThesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2017.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.Includes bibliographical references (page 83).Intensive care unit (ICU) patients undergo detailed monitoring so that copious information regarding their condition is available to support clinical decision-making. Full utilization of the data depends heavily on its quantity, quality and manner of presentation to the physician at the bedside of a patient. In this thesis, we implemented a visualization system to aid ICU clinicians in collecting, processing, and displaying available ICU data. Our goals for the system are: to be able to receive large quantities of patient data from various sources, to compute complex functions over the data that are able to quantify an ICU patient's condition, to plot the data using a clean and interactive interface, and to be capable of live plot updates upon receiving new data. We made significant headway toward our goals, and we succeeded in creating a highly adaptable visualization system that future developers and users will be able to customize.by Shruthi Narayanan.M. Eng
Table_1_-_Supplemental_file_(1) – Supplemental material for “Everyone Has a Role”: Perspectives of Service Users With First-Episode Psychosis, Family Caregivers, Treatment Providers, and Policymakers on Responsibility for Supporting Individuals With Mental Health Problems
No full textSupplemental material, Table_1_-_Supplemental_file_(1) for “Everyone Has a Role”: Perspectives of Service Users With First-Episode Psychosis, Family Caregivers, Treatment Providers, and Policymakers on Responsibility for Supporting Individuals With Mental Health Problems by Megan A. Pope, Gerald Jordan, Shruthi Venkataraman, Ashok K. Malla and Srividya N. Iyer in Qualitative Health Research</p
Investigating Central Chemoreception-based Biomarkers of Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy (SUDEP)
No full text2025Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy (SUDEP) causes significant mortality in epilepsy, affecting 1:1000 people every year. Preceding SUDEP, patients experienced a final GTC seizure, transient apneas and bradycardia, culminating in terminal apnea and asystole. Failure to recover from postictal hypercapnia and hypoxia (HH) is a critical risk factor for SUDEP. Central chemoreception initiates adaptive cardio-respiratory and autoresuscitation responses to HH changes, and is impaired in epilepsy and SUDEP. We have reported that the Kcna1-/- (KO) model of SUDEP, have increased GTCs, apnea, and chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) preceding SUDEP. We hypothesize that KO mice have impaired central chemoreception and autoresuscitation failure that contributes to their SUDEP susceptibility. We assessed the role of orexin antagonism and CIH in mitigating chemoreception dysfunction in preclinical SUDEP. Using non-invasive cardiorespiratory monitoring, we found that KO mice experienced increased apneas, intermittent bradycardia and hypoxia as they approached SUDEP. Using whole-body plethysmography, we found that high-risk KO mice had elevated ventilatory chemoresponses to a mild HH challenge (mimicking transient apnea) while 71% of KO mice failed to survive a severe HH challenge (mimicking terminal apnea). We next determined whether chemosensing orexin was involved in these responses. Orexin neurons exhibited exaggerated ex vivo chemosensitivity to low pH and may be upstream of the altered HH chemoresponses. Blocking orexin receptors improved cardio-respiration, oxygen saturation, and longevity of KO mice. It also rescued their in vivo ventilatory chemoresponses during mild and severe HH challenge and enabled survival. In response to a novel anoxia-autoresuscitation test (97% N₂, 3% CO₂), a majority of KO mice (~80%) had altered ventilatory chemoresponses and gasping parameters and succumbed to autoresuscitation failure and death. The risk of autoresuscitation failure increased with higher SUDEP risk. CIH pretreatment rescued ventilatory chemoresponses, improved gasping and enabled a majority of high-risk KO mice to autoresuscitate successfully and survive. Overall, these findings provide strong evidence that central chemoreception dysfunction contributes to autoresuscitation failure and death in a preclinical SUDEP model. We identified novel chemoreception-based cardiorespiratory biomarkers that may serve as predictors of SUDEP risk. This work highlights orexinergic pathway and CIH as promising targets for future SUDEP prevention studies
Experimental investigation of thermodynamic properties of binary mixture of acetic acid + n-butanol and acetic acid + water at temperature from 293.15 K to 343.15 K
No full textAdapting TCP/IP protocol to a Time-Slotted NFC Channel present in a Wireless Power Environment
No full textKitchen is becoming a hotbed for innovation in the Internet of Things (IoT) revolution. Many kitchen appliances are being connected to the Internet to facilitate `smart-cooking'. The appliances are becoming cordless too, i.e., they are being powered by the inductive power sources which are integrated into the kitchen counter-tops. The Wireless Power Consortium (WPC) has proposed standards for smart-cooking in cordless kitchens by enabling communication using the near field communication (NFC) protocol between the appliance and the power transmitter. In order to keep the appliances safe as well as reduce the cost of the appliances, it is required that the NFC channel should be exploited to enable Internet connectivity in the appliances. However, due to practical constraints, the NFC channel is time-slotted. Furthermore, this NFC channel has low data rates and high latencies. These constraints make it highly challenging to enable Internet connectivity for these resource-constrained cooking appliances for IoT applications.This thesis explores different ways of providing Internet connectivity to the cordless kitchen appliances using the time-slotted NFC channel. Two architectures are proposed based on this method, namely the Proxy and the Bridge architectures. In the proxy architecture, the cordless appliances implement only the application layer and tunnel the application data through the NFC channel which will then be used by the power source to create TCP/IP packets for the appliance. In the bridge architecture, the appliances implement all the layers of the TCP/IP network stack. All the TCP/IP traffic is sent through the NFC channel and the power source acts as an intermediate hop. These architectures are evaluated in detail to determine the best-suited architecture. The thesis concludes that the bridge architecture, although heavy on the appliances, truly creates an IoT-enabled appliance, and therefore adopts it.While it is proposed to send the complete TCP/IP packets to go over the NFCchannel, the impact on the performance of the protocols needs to be investigated, specifically the TCP as it is the most used protocol for IoT applications. The performance of the TCP will be affected due to several reasons: (a) the time-slotted NFC channel; (b) low data rates on the NFC; (c) delays in accessing the NFC channel, and (d) no control over the network stack of the other TCP end-point. Furthermore, the behavior of the TCP in such resource-constrained channels aggravate the problems as spurious retransmissions get triggered. This work presents important challenges that need to be solved in order to enable the TCP to work smoothly in the time-slotted NFC channels. Two major performance problems that occur in such an environment are identified, viz., spurious retransmissions and packet drops at the NFC interface. The existence of the problems are verified with an experimental setup of the cordless kitchen and solutions are presented to these challenges: (a) determine the optimal retransmission timeout and the heuristic, and (b) avoid packet drops due to small inter-packet delay on the NFC channel. Next, a detailed parametric analysis of the other TCP parameters such as contention window size and maximum segment size of the TCP packets is performed.From the evaluation, it is found that the proposed solutions can almost completely eliminate spurious retransmissions. With these solutions up to 38% reduction in the system latency is achieved at an NFC bit rate of 11.2 kbps and up to 53% at 24 kbps in the time-slotted mode. By implementing these solutions and choosing the right parameter values for the TCP, it is possible to seamlessly adapt and use the TCP for the time-slotted and resource-constrained NFC channel, and enable a truly IoT-based cooking experience for the smart cordless kitchens
Occurrence of Dental Abnormalities in Hemophilic Patients in the City of Davangere, Karnataka, India
No full textABSTRACT
Aim
This study was carried out to determine the level of awareness about the importance of oral health in hemophilic children and their caretakers as well as to examine the oral condition in children with hemophilia and compare them to general population.
Materials and methods
A descriptive cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the city of Davangere. The study consists of total 100 children which were divided into group I —children having hemophilia (n = 50) and group II—normal healthy children (n = 50) of age 3 to 18 years. The oral cavity of both the groups was examined to assess to detect presence of any hard and soft tissue anomalies. By interviewing the parents of hemophilic patients, their demographic data, family history, and knowledge and understanding of value of oral health were assessed. Data were analyzed by chi-square and student’s unpaired t-test.
Results
No significant difference in the presence of oral anomalies in both the groups was observed.
Conclusion
The study concluded that there is no major difference in the prevalence of dental abnormalities in hemophilic and healthy children. Also, educating the mass about oral health and maintenance is as important as treating the hemophilic patient for oral diseases.
How to cite this article
Nagaveni NB, Yadav S, Poornima P, Bharath KP, Mathew MG, Shruthi AS. Occurrence of Dental Abnormalities in Hemophilic Patients in the City of Davangere, Karnataka, India. CODS J Dent 2016;8(1):1-5.
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Studies on the bioavailability of trace minerals from food grains
No full textThis Dissertation / Report is the outcome of investigation carried out by the creator(s) / author(s) at the department/division of Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore mentioned below in this page
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Master's thesis recital (composition)
No full textBreathing sunlight : for violin and violoncello duo (Sean Riley, violin ; Seth Russell, violoncello) -- Lagan Bina : for Hindustani vocalist and string quartet (Saili Oak, Hindustani vocalist ; Sara Sasaki, violin ; Shruthi Kattumenu, violin ; Sean Flynn, viola ; Akshaya Avril Tucker, violoncello) -- Shaam : for sitar and sinfonietta (Aruna Kharod, sitar ; Nicholas Perry Clark, conductor ; prismatx ensemble & guests) -- Three songs : for Hindustani vocalist, soprano, and sinfonietta (Saili Oak, Hindustani vocalist ; Suzanne Lis, soprano ; Nicholas Perry Clark, conductor ; prismatx ensemble & guests)Musi
Polycystic ovary syndrome: role of androgen excess self-assessment in diagnosis
Get PDFBACKGROUND: Polycystic ovary syndrome is the most common endocrine disorder affecting reproductive-aged women. It is diagnosed using a combination of menstrual irregularity, clinical and/or biochemical hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovary morphology upon ultrasound. Hyperandrogenism in females may clinically manifest as hirsutism, acne, alopecia, or other masculinization of features. Assessing total/free testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, and 17-hydroxyprogesterone provides biochemical evidence of hyperandrogenism.
OBJECTIVE: To determine self-reported clinical signs of androgen excess using data from the Ovulation and Menstruation Health (OM) Study, a diverse, multi-ethnic cohort study being conducted at Boston University School of Medicine.
METHODS: Data was collected from participants enrolled in the Ovulation and Menstruation Health Study pilot cohort. This epidemiologic survey captured demographics, menstrual cycle patterns, PCOS histories, reproductive histories and manifestations of androgen excess in a diverse patient population. Participants were women ages 18-45 who had the capacity to ovulate/menstruate at the time of the study, had no history of chemotherapy, radiation, or surgical menopause, and were not pregnant at the time of the study. To assess androgen excess, participants were asked to self-report hair growth in nine body areas, acne on the face and back and hair loss on the scalp. The nine body areas were scored using the modified Ferriman-Gallwey (mFG) scoring system. Reference images created by a medical illustrator were used for hirsutism and alopecia grading while clear descriptions were provided for grading acne severity. Clinical hirsutism was defined as total mFG score of ≥ 8, or ethnic specific cutoff for East Asian (≥ 2) and Southeast Asian (≥ 3) women. Alopecia was defined as scalp hair loss ≥ 2. For participants that consented to medical record validation total, free and bioavailable testosterone lab levels were assessed for biochemical hyperandrogenism evaluation.
RESULTS: Beginning August 9, the day the study opened to the public, 249 participants completed the pilot survey questionnaire. These participants were 66.8% white (n=165), 6.5% Hispanic or Spanish origin (n=16), 10.5% Black or African-American (n=26), 1.6% East Asian (n=4), 2.0% Southeast Asian (n=5), 2.4% South Asian (n=6), and 10.9% were of mixed ethnic backgrounds (n=27). 22.5% (55/245) of these women had clinical hirsutism by total mFG score. Mean total mFG scores were highest in women who were South Asian at 13.8±9.1 (n=6) and Hispanic at 8.6±8.7 (n=16). Moderate-severe acne was reported in 23.6% (58/246) of respondents, 24.8% (41/165) of white women, 26.7% (4/15) of Hispanic women, 15.4% (4/26) of Black women, 0.0% (0/4) of East Asian women, 20.0% (1/5) of Southeast Asian women, 50% of South Asian women (3/6) and 20% (5/25) of women of mixed ethnicities. 9.4% (23/246) of all pilot women reported alopecia, highest in Black (26.9%, 7/26) and East Asian women (25%, 1/4). Among women that had a PCOS diagnosis there was a higher presence of clinical hirsutism, higher acne severity, and higher prevalence of alopecia when compared to non-PCOS women. In addition, 33%(4/12) of the 44 women that consented to medical record validation had total testosterone levels above the normal range.
CONCLUSIONS: This pilot population demonstrated an ethnic dependent pattern of development for hirsutism, acne and alopecia. Additionally, women who had a PCOS diagnosis were more likely to report having the clinical signs of androgen excess than those without a diagnosis.2020-06-14T00:00:00
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