82 research outputs found
Study of Potential Drug Interactions of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitors (EGFR inhibitors) in the Treatment of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer // Проучване на потенциални лекарствени взаимодействия при използване на инхибитори на рецептора на епидермалния растежен фактор (EGFR-инхибитори) при лечение на недребноклетъчен белодробен карцином
No full textConcomitant use of several medications often increases the risk of adverse reactions and can compromise the treatment. Because of this, the identification and assessment of potential drug-drug interactions in clinical practice is important. The introduction of targeted therapy has led to new challenges. These drugs have been recently introduced into clinical practice and are not well-known to specialists in terms of their mechanism of action, contraindications, drug interactions, and adverse reactions. On the other hand, patients also have comorbidities, which lead to the concomitant use of a large number of drugs and the intake of special foods, nutritional supplements and herbal products that patients prescribe themselves. The listed factors place the recognition of drug interactions as one of the main challenges for physicians. The main goal is to minimise adverse events related to drug interactions and to maximise clinical efficacy, leading to increased overall survival and improved quality of life. The thesis summarises the available and collected information by using online platforms for detecting drug-drug interactions and a publicly available database for reporting adverse drug reactions, which will increase knowledge in the field of drug interactions in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer with epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors.Едновременната употреба на няколко лекарства често повишава риска от нежелани реакции и може да компрометира лечението. Ето защо в клиничната практика идентифицирането и оценката на потенциални лекарствени взаимодействия има важно значение. Въвеждането на таргетната терапия доведе до нови предизвикателства. Това са лекарства, отскоро въведени в практиката и недобре познати на специалистите като механизъм на действие, противопоказания, лекарствени взаимодействия, нежелани реакции. Много често пациентите имат и други придружаващи заболявания, което води до едновременната употреба на голям брой лекарства и прием на специални храни, хранителни добавки и билкови продукти, които пациентите си предписват сами. Изброените фактори поставят разпознаването на лекарствените взаимодействия като едно от основните предизвикателства пред лекарите. Основна цел е да бъдат сведени до минимум нежеланите събития, свързани с лекарствени взаимодействия, и да се увеличи максимално клиничната ефикасност водеща до повишена обща преживяемост и подобрено качество на живот. В настоящият дисертационен труд се обобщава наличната и получена информация от използване на онлайн платформи за откриване на лекарствени взаимодействия и публично достъпни база данни за докладване на нежелани лекарствени реакции, която да обогати познанията в областта на лекарствените взаимодействия при лечението на недребноклетъчен белодробен карцином с инхибитори на рецептора на епидермалния растежен фактор
Implementation of multicultural education at grammar schools in České Budějovice
Get PDF(česky) Název práce: Role sociálního pedagoga a asistenta pedagoga při integraci žáků (dětí) ze sociokulturně odlišného prostředí. Autor: Bc. Ivanka Gracíková Vedoucí práce: PaedDr. Eva Valášková Vincejová, Ph.D. Instituce: Univerzita Karlova, filozofická fakulta, katedra pedagogiky Počet slov: 18258 Tato diplomová práce je zaměřena na realizaci multikulturní výchovy na gymnáziích v Českých Budějovicích. Cílem práce je vymezit základní teoretická východiska multikulturní výchovy, její realizaci na vybraných gymnáziích v Českých Budějovicích a porovnání rozdílů realizace multikulturní výchovy mezi státním a soukromým zřízením daného typu gymnázia. Teoretická část pojednává o multikulturní výchově z hlediska etnického i z hlediska kulturních a jazykových menšin a zabývá se její specifikací v kurikulárních dokumentech. Praktická část se věnuje stanoveným cílům diplomové práce, dále zmiňuje použitou metodiku kvantitativního výzkumu a popisuje výzkumný soubor včetně uvedení výsledků získaných dat, které objasní stanovené cíle, a to zjistit znalosti a postoje studentů posledních ročníků gymnázií s problematikou multikultury/interkultury nejen u nás, ale i ve světě. Klíčová slova: Multikultura, vzdělávání, gymnázium, menšina, student, etnikum.(in English) Thesis title: Role of Social Educator and Teacher Assistant in Integration of Pupils (Children) from a socio-culturally different environment. Author: Bc. Ivanka Gracíková Academic supervisor: PaedDr. Eva Valášková Vincejová, Ph.D Institution: Charles University, Faculty of Arts, Department of Pedagogy Basic words count: 18258 This diploma thesis is focused on the implementation of multicultural education at grammar schools in České Budějovice. The aim of the thesis is to define the basic theoretical basis of multicultural education, its implementation at selected grammar schools in České Budějovice and to compare the differences in the implementation of multicultural education between state and private establishment of a given type of grammar school. The theoretical part deals with multicultural education from an ethnic and cultural point of view and linguistic minorities and deals with its specification in curricular documents. The practical part deals with the objectives of the thesis, mentions the methodology of quantitative research and describes the research file, including the results of the data, which clarifies the objectives, namely to find out the knowledge and attitudes of high school students with multicultural / intercultural issues not only in our country, but even in...Katedra pedagogikyDepartment of EducationFilozofická fakultaFaculty of Art
Implementation of multicultural education at grammar schools in České Budějovice
No full text(in English) Thesis title: Role of Social Educator and Teacher Assistant in Integration of Pupils (Children) from a socio-culturally different environment. Author: Bc. Ivanka Gracíková Academic supervisor: PaedDr. Eva Valášková Vincejová, Ph.D Institution: Charles University, Faculty of Arts, Department of Pedagogy Basic words count: 18258 This diploma thesis is focused on the implementation of multicultural education at grammar schools in České Budějovice. The aim of the thesis is to define the basic theoretical basis of multicultural education, its implementation at selected grammar schools in České Budějovice and to compare the differences in the implementation of multicultural education between state and private establishment of a given type of grammar school. The theoretical part deals with multicultural education from an ethnic and cultural point of view and linguistic minorities and deals with its specification in curricular documents. The practical part deals with the objectives of the thesis, mentions the methodology of quantitative research and describes the research file, including the results of the data, which clarifies the objectives, namely to find out the knowledge and attitudes of high school students with multicultural / intercultural issues not only in our country, but even in..
СЪСТРАДАТЕЛНО ЛЕЧЕНИЕ. РЕГУЛАТОРНА РАМКА В БЪЛГАРИЯ. РОЛЯТА НА МЕДИЦИНСКИЯ ПЕРСОНАЛ ЗА ДОСТЪП ДО ЛЕКАРСТВА ЗА СЪСТРАДАТЕЛНА УПОТРЕБА
No full text<p>Изследването има за цел да установи комплексното разбиране на специфичните изисквания и характеристики на клиничните изпитвания с медицински изделия. Медицинските изделия все повече се разработват и използват за диагностициране, лечение и предотвратяване на заболявания и наранявания. Провеждането на клинични изпитвания за медицински изделия обаче представя уникални предизвикателства в сравнение с тези за фармацевтичните продукти. Материали и методи: Изследването включва подробно изучаване на добрата клинична практика за дизайна, провеждането, записването и докладването на клинични изследвания, провеждани при хора, с цел оценка на клиничната ефективност и безопасност на медицинските изделия, описани в международния стандарт ISO14155. Резултати: Изпитванията на медицински изделия минават през три фази: пилотна фаза (определяща предварителните данни за безопасност и ефективност с малък брой участници със заболяване или състояние (10-30) за няколко месеца). Основна фаза, която определят ефективността и безопасността с по-голям брой участници със заболяване или състояние (150- 1000) за 1-5 години. И изследвания след одобрение, които събират дългосрочни данни и данни за безопасност в реалния живот и от регистри. Изследванията на медицински изделия често са по-скъпи поради по-високата цена на устройството, застраховката и допълнителните разходи за процедури. Най-съществените разлики между изследванията на лекарства и изделия са в следните категории: изискванията за кандидатстване за клинични изпитвания на медицински изделия, включително класификация на риска и клас изделие, дефиниции за сериозни нежелани реакции / странични ефекти, докладване, срокове и влияние на изделието, изисквания за съпътстваща медикаментозна терапия и нуждата от дългосрочно наблюдение, което може да продължи повече от пет години. Заключение: Разбирането на уникалните предизвикателства и специфичните изисквания за провеждане на клинични изпитвания с медицински изделия е от съществено значение за напредъка на здравните технологии и подобряването на грижите за пациентите. Ключови думи: медицински изделия, клинични изпитвания, основни разлики, фази, предизвикателства</p>
Implementation of the Domestic Violence Law in the Republika Srpska
No full textIn this paper author analyzes criminal offence "Violence in family or extended family". This criminal offence was introduced for the first time in the new Criminal Code of the Republika Srpska in 2000 (article 198). In the first part of the paper author exposes characteristics of legal provisions regarding criminal offence "Violence in family or extended family". In the second part practical implementation of this criminal offence is analyzed. For doing that analyzes, the author uses the interviews carried out with representatives of the police, prosecutors judges and representatives of non-governmental organizations. At the end author suggests introduction of certain measures for victim protection such as mandatory arrest of a perpetrator, the increased efficiency of the criminal procedure, restraining orders (regarding communication and contact between perpetrator and victim) and other measures, which should provide adequate implementation of this incrimination and optimal protection of victims of this crime
Inhabitants and Social Organization in the Villages near Zagreb
Get PDFWithin the ethnographic research of folk culture in the villages near Zagreb: Resnik, Čučerje, Ščitarjevo, Markuševec and Šestine, two themes were investigated: inhabitants and social organization. While researching and recording of the given data the author had in mind the time between the two World Wars. During the research, there was a need for registration of contemporary cultural phenomena. Although the main task was finding out the changes in folk life in these suburban villages near Zagreb between the two World Wars, it was necessary to establish transformation found after World War II up to the date of investigation. During the research of both themes the most interesting questions were those which could clear some of the processes of cutting apart the traditional village and the changes of certain life-values of its inhabitants In investigating cultural phenomena of social organization, the author used questions connected with the village community, family, extented family (zadruga), main forms of collective work..
Competences of the general meeting of a limited liability company
No full textand keywords This diploma thesis deals on the competence of general assembly in a limited liability company. In the introduction the author made a brief historical summary presenting the previous legislation of the Czech republic. The thesis is divided into four parts. The first part concerns with the general findings on the competence of general assembly including its classification. The second part is special to the first one, since it concerns with particular cases of competencies. This part is the most voluminous one because of its goal to interpret various conditions to take a decision depending on case of competency. In the third part the author made description of the French legislation and compared it to the Czech one. From the previous findings the author made a critical evaluation of contemporary legislation in the fourth part as well as specific suggestion for law-making changes
Pharmacotherapy of non-small cell lung cancer with EGFR activating mutations using tyrosine kinase inhibitors: the role of hospital pharmacists in preventing drug-drug interactions in this class of medicines
Get PDFEuropean and American Cancer Society guidelines recommend targeted therapy as the standard treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) stage IV with positive molecular test results (i.e., proven oncogenic drivers). In 2004, an EGFR mutation was identified in lung cancer, becoming the first target of genome-directed therapy. Two mutations, deletions in exon 19 and the single amino acid substitution L858R in exon 21, together account for approximately 85% of the observed EGFR mutations in NSCLC and confer sensitivity to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Currently, there are five EGFR TKIs from three generations approved and used in clinical practice: first-generation Erlotinib and Gefitinib; second-generation Afatinib and Dacomitinib; and third-generation Osimertinib. Afatinib is a P-gp and BCRP substrate, whereas the other EGFR TKIs undergo hepatic metabolism via cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes. Since the most frequently reported clinically relevant interactions are due to modulation of drug-metabolizing enzymes or transmembrane transporters, this presents a potential for drug-drug interactions of varying intensity that may influence the safety and/or therapeutic effect of the drugs. Hospital pharmacy professionals play a key role in the treatment of oncology patients receiving TKIs by detecting potential drug-drug interactions and adverse drug reactions early, as well as through patient education
РИСК ОТ УДЪЛЖАВАНЕ НА QT-ИНТЕРВАЛА ПРИ ПАЦИЕНТИ С ОНКОЛОГИЧНИ ЗАБОЛЯВАНИЯ
No full text<p>Много често при пациентите с онкологични заболявания се наблюдава удължен QT-интервал в сравнение с лицата без такъв тип заболяване. Един от факторите за това е противотуморната терапия и нейното въздействие върху реполяризацията на сърцето, което е с потенциален риск от животозастрашаващи аритмии. Други рискови фактори са комедикация с лекарства, удължаващи QT-интервала, електролитни нарушения, придружаващи заболявания. Удължаването на QT-интервала е прогностичен маркер за риск от аритмия. Медицинските специалисти трябва добре да познават рисковите фактори и в частност лекарствата, удължаващи QT-интервала. При пациенти, за които е планирана противотуморна терапия, трябва да се направи оценка на риска преди започване на лечението и план за проследяване по време на провеждането му с оглед предотвратяване появата на аритмии. Нежеланите лекарствени комбинации, които могат допълнително да увеличат риска, трябва да се избягват, а когато това е невъзможно, е необходимо пациентите да се проследяват по-често. Не на последно място е и информирането на пациентите за лекарствата, които приемат, и обучението за разпознаване и докладване на симптомите, насочващи към аритмии.</p>
Core sample characterisation using 3D terrestrial laser scanning | TU Delft
No full textThe main purpose of this thesis is to conclude whether terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) can be used as an automated method to improve the classification of soils. It was in collaboration with Fugro N.V., a large Dutch consultancy and engineering firm that is active in onshore and offshore services in the field of geological and geotechnical investigations for a wide field of clients in the petroleum and gas industry but also for other infrastructure. Current methods for the classification of soils comprise of laboratory and in-situ measurements. Fugro is searching for a more accurate and time efficient method to classify soil and provided five soil samples on which a classification had to be performed. The Leica C10 laser scanner, provided by the department of Geoscience and Remote Sensing (TU Delft), was used to scan the soil samples. TLS is based on LIDAR (light detection and ranging) which is known for emitting pulses in a very narrow beam of monochromatic light (one wavelength) in the ultraviolet, visible or near-infrared range of the electromagnetic spectrum. After scanning the soil samples, the following features extracted from the 3D point cloud data were used to perform classification on each soil sample: intensity (backscattered energy), colour (an RGB-image), surface height variations (roughness). The chosen method was iso cluster unsupervised classification. After classification, interpretations were made based on the descriptions of the soil sample and knowledge of bare soil reflectance. The main factors that influenced the soil reflectance were related to characteristics of the samples: glauconite content (an iron-bearing mineral) and surface roughness. Both factors were responsible for a decrease in soil reflectance. Unsupervised classification was applicable on three out of five samples. However, only one sample provided good results. The other two samples were less promising, although some features could clearly be identified after comparing the classified image with ground truth data.Applied Earth Science
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