196,076 research outputs found
L'aggressività e le le sue componenti psicopatologiche. Disturbo depressivo e dipendenza da alcol a confronto attraverso valutazione con Aggression Questionnaire
No full textMolecular and biological characterization of poliovirus 3 strains isolated in adriatic seawater samples
No full textÐIn a previous study [Muscillo, M., Carducci, A., La Rosa, G., Cantiani, L., Marianelli, C.
(1997a) Enteric virus detection in adriatic seawater by cell culture, polymerase chain reaction and poly-
acrylamide gel electrophoresis. Water Res. 31, 1980±1984] enterovirus strains were isolated from Adria-
tic seawater and estuarine water from the Foglia River, by infecting susceptible cells with ultra®ltrated
water samples. In the present work we have studied three of those samples, in which routine reverse
transcriptase±polymerase chain reaction (RT±PCR) and sequencing analysis had identi®ed the presence
of poliovirus type 3 (P3). In order to better estimate the risk to human health of such occurrence in
bathing water (having bacteriological standards in line with the EEC directive 76/160), we set up a pro-
tocol to distinguish wild from Sabin P3 strains. Three sets of RT±PCR primers were engineered and
their predicted products were: 593 nucleotides (nt) in the 5' noncoding (5'NC) region (11±603), 350 nt
at the Vp3±Vp1 junction (2438±2787) of the capside protein genes, and 420 nt in the 2C (4209±4628)
region, which is regarded as the hotspot of recombinant polioviruses. Eight reference ATCC strains,
whose sequences were known, were also tested under the same experimental conditions in order to ver-
ify the accuracy of the RT±PCR reactions. The amplicons were directly sequenced by Big-dye2 termin-
ator sequencing using a capillary automatic sequencer. The latter two regions found the same viral
species Polio 3 in all the sample strains, with no meaningful distinction between P3/Leon/37 and P3/
Leon/12a1b, the vaccine strain. The analyses in the 5'NC region were more useful, where genetic re-
lationships and the predicted secondary structure suggested that the viruses were of vaccinal sources.
Molecular data were con®rmed by in vitro phenotypic marker tests rct/40, where all the examined
samples displayed a temperature sensitive phenotype rct/40(ÿ). Our results suggest that the 472U4C
transition alone, is not a predictive marker of reversion to neurovirulence. Finally, we conclude that the
220U constantly found in the consensus sequences of the samples can serve as a good predictor of rct/
40(ÿ) phenotype
Efficienza di tecniche di estrazione dell'RNA di enterovirus da campioni di acque per l'applicazione della RT-PCR (Reverse Trascriptase - Polimerase Chain Reaction)
No full textNorovirus Presence in three commercially most popular species of mollusks available in the Emilia Romagna region, Italy
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