702 research outputs found
Türkiye'deki Festuca L. (Poaceae) Cinsinin Sistematik Revizyonu
No full textThe genus Festuca L. is one of the largest and most widely distributed genera of grasses, and an essential element of grasslands around the world. The main goal of this study was to revise the genus Festuca L. in Türkiye, using standard taxonomic methods and techniques, including field surveys, morphology with micromorphology, anatomy, and ecology to resolve the existing infrageneric and infraspecific taxonomic problems and to provide amended general taxonomic information about taxa and suggestions about conservation and sustainability. During this research, the first comprehensive field studies on the genus Festuca L. all around the country had been performed to locate and collect all known and potential fescue species from their natural habitats. Here, we present a contemporary, revised taxonomic account of the genus Festuca L. in Türkiye, including a new identification key, taxa new to science and, taxa recorded in Türkiye for the first time. As well as, updated species descriptions, diagnostic characters, distribution areas, typification, synonymy, specimens’ citations, phenology, photographs, and information about ecology, endemism, environmental threats, and conservation. We have described one new species Festuca timoniona J. Erdal, G. Yaprak and M. Doğan sp. nov., one new subspecies Festuca woronowii subsp. rizensis J. Erdal, G. Yaprak and M. Doğan subsp. nov., and one new variety Festuca adanensis var. alexandretta J. Erdal, G. Yaprak and M. Doğan var. nov.. Besides, two species, Festuca pseudodalmatica Krajina and Festuca rupicola Heuff. are for the first time recorded in Türkiye. Furthermore, we assigned species status to Festuca rubra L. subsp. pseudorivularis Markgr.-Dann. as Festuca pseudorivularis (Markgr.-Dann.) J. Erdal, G. Yaprak and M. Doğan stat. nov. and Festuca cyllenica Boiss. & Heldr. subsp. uluana Markgr.-Dann., as Festuca uluana (Markgr.-Dann.) J. Erdal, G. Yaprak and M. Doğan stat. nov.. Also, we believe that the presence of the two previously known species in Türkiye, F. sommieri Litard. and F. ziganensis Markgr.-Dann., is doubtful. According to our revision, 59 taxa belonging to the genus Festuca L. are recognized in Türkiye, including 47 species, nine subspecies, and three varieties.Festuca L. cinsi, dünya çapında en büyük ve en geniş dağılımlı ot cinslerinden biridir ve çayır ve bozkır ekosistemlerinin önemli unsurlarındandır. Bu çalışmanın ana amacı, saha araştırmaları, morfoloji ve mikro-morfoloji, anatomi ve ekoloji dâhil olmak üzere standart taksonomik yöntem ve teknikleri kullanarak Türkiye'deki Festuca L. cinsinin revizyonunu gerçekleştirmektir. Çalışma, mevcut infrajenerik ve infraspesifik taksonomik problemleri çözmeyi, türler hakkında genel taksonomik bilgileri güncellemeyi, türlerin korunması ve sürdürülebilirliği hakkında önerilerde bulunmayı hedeflemiştir. Bu araştırma kapsamında, ilk kez Türkiye genelindeki tüm Festuca L. türlerinin dağılımlarını tespit etmek ve toplamak için kapsamlı saha çalışmaları gerçekleştirildi. Türkiye'deki Festuca L. cinsinin güncellenmiş taksonomik çalışmasını, yeni bir tanımlama anahtarı, yeni türler ve Türkiye'de ilk kez kaydedilen türler ile sunuyoruz. Ayrıca, güncellenmiş tür tanımlamaları, tanısal karakterler, dağılım alanları, tipifikasyonlar, sinonimler, alıntılar, fenoloji, fotoğraflar, ekoloji, endemizm, çevresel tehditler ve korunma hakkında bilgiler sunulmaktadır. Festuca timoniona J. Erdal, G. Yaprak ve M. Doğan sp. nov. adında yeni bir tür, Festuca woronowii subsp. rizensis J. Erdal, G. Yaprak ve M. Doğan subsp. nov. adında yeni bir alt tür ve Festuca adanensis var. alexandretta J. Erdal, G. Yaprak ve M. Doğan var. nov. adında yeni bir variyete tanımladık. Festuca pseudodalmatica Krajina ve Festuca rupicola Heuff. türleri Türkiye'de ilk kez kaydedildi. Ek olarak, Festuca rubra L. subsp. pseudorivularis Markgr.-Dann.'nin Festuca pseudorivularis (Markgr.-Dann.) J. Erdal, G. Yaprak ve M. Doğan stat. nov. olarak ve Festuca cyllenica Boiss. & Heldr. subsp. uluana Markgr.-Dann.'nin Festuca uluana (Markgr.-Dann.) J. Erdal, G. Yaprak ve M. Doğan stat. nov. olarak tür statüsüne yükseltildiğini belirtmek isteriz. Ayrıca, Türkiye'deki iki mevcut türün, F. sommieri Litard. ve F. ziganensis Markgr.-Dann. varlığının şüpheli olduğuna inanıyoruz. Revizyonumuza göre Türkiye'de Festuca L. cinsine ait 59 takson tanınmış olup bunların 47’si tür, dokuzu alt tür ve üçü ise variyetedir.Ph.D. - Doctoral Progra
Genetically modified organisms and turkish legislation
No full textThe main purpose of my article is to discuss what GMOs are, the controversies about this specific issue and the related regulations that are put forward by the authorities. GMOs are genetically altered organisms which have been widely produced and breeded in certain parts of the world. According to some experts, this special practice of agriculture emerged in order to put an end to famine and prevent food scarcity. As growing GMOs seems to be more convenient than the traditional farming, it is more eligible to produce food in large scale which will be a fine solution for food scarcity. However, there are some oppositions to the GMOs. It is strongly believed that the real causes of famine is not related to production, it is a problem of distribution of food. Moreover, patenting the seeds leads to an unstoppable control and dominance over food by the private enterprises. Therefore, the opponents state that the aims of these companies are solely financial gain and monopolisation in food production. Patenting the seeds is another arguable issue. It poses a great threat for the organic farmers since GMO seeds can contaminate the others through natural ways. This is not the only danger that organic farmers face with; thay can also be sued by the GMO producers for this unintended exposure to GMO seeds. Not only the diminishing of the variety of species but also the possible adverse effects of GMOs on human health create a debate between the two groups. These are not the only topics that are open to discussion. In addition to these, labelling the products creates a huge problem among the poorly educated consumers as they have not been clearly regulated in some countries. Hence, this subject having such a close connection to human health cannot be ignored by the law. In fact, a number of countries have enacted legislation in order to regulate this sensitive field. Turkey, having been dependent on the import of the agricultural goods for a period of time, has to join these countries with a recent legislation. All these contemporary issues for Turkey will be highlighted in my article
Triticeae Dumartier ( Poaceae) oymağının Türkiye'deki revizyonu.
No full textThe Triticeae is one of the most important tribes of the family Poaceae. It contains wheat (Triticum L.), barley (Hordeum L.) and rye (Secale L.) which are economically the most important cereals. Although the tribe has been the focus of several systematic studies there has not been a universally accepted taxonomic treatment for the tribe. This research study aiming to revise the tribe Triticeae Dumort. (Poaceae) in Turkey has been carried out by means of collecting specimens from all the localities in Turkey as well as examining the material collected over the years by the other researchers either from Turkey or abroad for a 4 year period starting from June 1th, 2006. All the specimens belonging the tribe were analysed by means of using standart taxonomic methods. This thesis is divided into four main chapters. In the first and second chapters, an introduction and general information about the tribe Triticeae and the material and methods used in the study are given. In the introduction part different taxonomic treatments on the tribe are explained briefly and the recent studies on the genera included in the tribe such as taxonomical, morphological and cytological are explained breifly. In the third chapter of the thesis, the significance of the morphological, micromorphological and ecological data which were used as diagnostic features in the taxonomy of the tribe are explained. Especially, SEM surveys of the glumes and lemma parts found to have great taxonomic values for the systematics of tribe. Distribution and habitat preferences of the tribe are discussed and IUCN threat categories of the taxa are reevaluated along with the types of threats so as to guarantee their sustainability of the rare taxa in Turkey. The fourth chapter covers the revision of the Tribe Triticeae in Turkey. A key for the genera is given. Synonymy, updated descriptions, flowering time, habitat, type citation, general distribution in Turkey, phytogeographical elements, specimen citations on a grid basis and general distribution outside Turkey, are given for each species. Along with general descriptions, keys to species and infraspecific categories are where necessary. In Tribe Triticeae, 18 genera, 79 species, 27 subspecies and 37 varieties have been recognized including 1 new species (Psathyrostachys narmanica Cabi & Doğan sp. nov.), 3 new subspecies (Psathyrostachys fragilis (Boiss.) Nevski subsp. artvinense Cabi & Doğan subsp. nov.; P. daghestanica (Alex.) Nevski subsp erzurumica Cabi&Dogan subsp. nov.; Aegilops triuncialis L. subsp bozdagensis Cabi&Dogan subsp nov.) and 4 new varieties (Agropyron cristatum (L.) subsp. pectinatum (Bieb.) Tzvelev var. mucranatum var. nov.; Eremopyrum bonaepartis (Sprengel) Nevski. var. aristatum Cabi & Doğan; Thinopyrum pycnanthum (Godr.) Barkworth var. aristatum Cabi & Dogan var. nov.; Hordeum spontaneum C. Koch var. anatolicum Cabi & Dogan var. nov. In addition to the taxa new for science, Aegilops juvenalis (Thell.) Eig. and Hordeum spontaneum var. proskowetzii Nábĕlek are recorded for the first time for the Flora of Turkey.Ph.D. - Doctoral Progra
A pilot study on the effect of soil conservation unit integrated into 7th grade junior high school science curriculum
No full textNallıhan (A3-Ankara) orman ekosisteminin bitki biyolojik çeşitliliğinin coğrafi bilgi sistemleri ve uzaktan algılama ile kavranması ve modellenmesi
No full textPh.D. - Doctoral Progra
Seller's liability for defected goods under the Turkish Code of Obligations and the Vienne Sales Convention and particularly buyer's right to claim damages under the Vienne Sales Convention
No full textBu çalışma, Özyeğin Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü'nde yüksek lisans tezi olarak hazırlanmıştır. Tezde araştırılan konu, Viyana Satım Sözleşmesi ve Türk Borçlar hukuku açısından ayıplı ifadan dolayı alıcının sahip olduğu seçimlik haklar ve özellikle Viyana Satım Sözleşmesi'ne göre önemli bir hak olan tazminat hakkıdır. Giriş bölümünde konunun seçimindeki etkenler ve inceleme tarzı, terminoloji tercihi ele alınmıştır. Birinci bölümde Viyana Satım Sözleşmesi'nin uygulama alanı, yer bakımından, maddi bakımdan ve zaman bakımından ele alınmış ve sonrasında Türk Borçlar Kanunu ile Viyana Satım Sözleşmesi uyarınca ayıptan doğan sorumluluk karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir. İkinci bölümde, alıcının Viyana Satım Sözleşmesi uyarınca ayıplı ifa sonucu tazminat talep etme hakkı ayrıntılı olarak incelenmiştir. Sonuç bölümündeyse, tezde araştırılan konular ve yapılan çıkarımlar bir arada sunulmuştur. Anahtar Kelimler: Viyana Satım Sözleşmesi, VSS, Ayıptan Doğan Sorumluluk, Tazminat.This study is prepared as a Master of Laws thesis for the Institute of Social Sciences at Ozyegin University. This thesis focuses on the buyer's remedies against seller for product liability, particularly the right to compensation according to the United Nations Convention on Contract for the International Sale of Goods as well as the Turkish Code of Obligations. The introduction focuses on the main reasons and influences that led to the selection of this research subject as well as the research methods that were used within this study and explains the preference of terminology. The first chapter consists of the analysis of the ratione materiae and ratione temporis scopes of the UN Convention on Contract for the International Sale of Goods as well as a comparative analysis as regards to the liability for defective products according to the Turkish Code of Obligations and the UN Convention on Contract for the International Sale of Goods. The second chapter assesses in great detail the buyer's claim for compensation in cases of product liability according to the UN Convention. Lastly, the conclusion provides a holistic evaluation consisting of the research subjects within this study as well as the final deductions and notes of the author of this thesis. Keywords: The United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods, CISG, Product Liability, Buyer's Remedies, Claim for Compensation
Trombosit Lenfosit Oranı ile Koryoamniyonit ve Yenidoğan Morbiditeleri Arasındaki İlişki
No full textAmaç: Lenfopeni, nötropeniler ve trombositopeniler yeni doğan yoğun bakım ünitelerinde sık karşılaşılan problemlerdendir. Trombosit ve lenfositlerin inflamatuar durumlarda üretim, tüketim ve yaşam döngüleri değişmektedir. Bu çalışmada trombosit lenfosit oranları (TLO) ile yeni doğan morbiditeleri arasında ilişkinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Geriye dönük son 2 yılda yeni doğan yoğun bakım ünitesine yatışı yapılan 201 hastanın verileri incelendi. Demografik özellikleri morbidite ve mortalite verileri kaydedildi. Hastaların ilk yatışındaki trombosit lenfosit oranları hesaplandı. Trombosit lenfosit oranları ile koryoamniyonit ve yeni doğan morbiditleri arasındaki ilişki incelendi. Bulgular: Vakaların ortalama gebelik haftası ve ağırlıkları sırasıyla 30,9±3,6 hafta ve 1492±660 gram idi. Vakaların %43,3’ünü 28-32 gebelik haftasında doğan bebekler oluşturmaktaydı. TLO klinik koryoaniyonitli annelerin bebeklerinde anlamlı derecede yüksek bulunurken (p=0,006), intrauterin büyüme kısıtlılığı olan bebeklerde de anlamlı derecede düşük bulundu (p=0,020). ROC eğrisi klinik koryoamniyoniti tahmin etme gücü yönünden Max c-reaktif protein (Crp) 1. hafta ve max Crp 2. hafta ile karşılaştırıldığında TLO’nun belirgin üstün olduğu gözlemlenmiştir (Area under the curve (AUC):0,696, p=0,032). Anne TLO ve bebek TLO oranları arasında da anlamlı bir korelasyon bulunmuştur (r=0,202 p=0,020). Antenatal steroidler, doğum şekli, çoğul gebelikler, annede hipertansiyon varlığı ve erken dönem yeni doğan morbiditeleriyle TLO arasında ilişki bulunmazken, premature retinopatisi açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı fark bulundu (p<0,001). Sonuç: TLO kolay ulaşılabilir ve ucuz bir gösterge olarak klinik koryoamniyonitli anne bebeklerinin karşılaşabileceği yeni doğan morbiditeleri için yeni doğan hekimlerine yol gösterebilir
Bibliometric analysis of the results of Reiki research
No full textIntroduction: This study analyses bibliometric indicators to assess global research trends on Reiki, including publication patterns and key contributing countries. Methods: The publications included in Web of Science (WOS) databases between 1970 and 2024 were reviewed. The WOS database was searched using TS= “REIKI” and all WOS indexes were included. This search identified 414 studies. Among them, letters (n = 7), editorial materials (n = 19), book reviews (n = 9), corrections (n = 2), art and poetry (n = 1), news (n = 1), and retracted publications (n = 1) were removed. The remaining 374 articles were included in this bibliometric analysis. The R-package for bibliometric analysis (Bibliometrix) was used. Results: The bibliometric analysis found that researchers published Reiki-related studies between 1983 and 2024, with a publication growth rate of 4.47 %. On average, articles were 9.5 years old and received 13 citations per document. The total number of keywords identified by the authors was 553, the number of authors in the articles was 1124 authors, the number of single-author articles was 70, the average number of publications per author was 3.5, and international co-authorships were 7.219 %. The USA, Brazil, the United Kingdom, Canada, and Turkiye were the top five countries that published on Reiki, respectively. The USA, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, and Turkiye were the top five countries with the most cited articles, respectively. Vitale A. is the most cited author. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine is the most cited journal. Conclusion: This study is the first of its kind to evaluate the articles written by researchers in the field of Reiki only. Despite the difficulties researchers experienced in the field of Reiki, the studies have increasingly been conducted in this field over the years and have been cited studies more. This study may be helpful for researchers to determine productive countries, journals, authors, and emerging trends in Reiki by providing comprehensive analyses and structured information on this subject. © 202
Aegilops triuncialis subsp.bozdagense (Poaceae), a new subspecies from South Western Turkey
No full textA new subspecies Aegilops triuncialis L. subsp. bozdagensis Cabi & Doğan, is described and illustrated. This new subspecies is confined to Denizli, Acıpayam, Bozdağ in southwestern Anatolia. It differs from the other two subspecies of Ae. triuncialis subsp. triuncialis and Ae. triuncialis subsp. persica, by its unawned glumes of the lateral spikelets. Concerning the new subspecies, IUCN red list category, distribution map, notes on its biogeography and ecology are given. An identification key of the subspecies of Ae. triuncialis is also provided
Forensic Dental Age Estimation Using Modified Deep Learning Neural Network
No full textDental age is one of the most reliable methods to identify an individual’s age. By using dental panoramic radiography (DPR) images, physicians and pathologists in forensic sciences try to establish the chronological age of individuals with no valid legal records or registered patients. The current methods in practice demand intensive labor, time, and qualified experts. The development of deep learning algorithms in the field of medical image processing has improved the sensitivity of predicting truth values while reducing the processing speed of imaging time. This study proposed an automated approach to estimate the forensic ages of individuals ranging in age from 8 to 68 using 1332 DPR images. Initially, experimental analyses were performed with the transfer learning-based models, including InceptionV3, DenseNet201, EfficientNetB4, MobileNetV2, VGG16, and ResNet50V2; and accordingly, the best-performing model, InceptionV3, was modified, and a new neural network model was developed. Reducing the number of the parameters already available in the developed model architecture resulted in a faster and more accurate dental age estimation. The performance metrics of the results attained were as follows: mean absolute error (MAE) was 3.13, root mean square error (RMSE) was 4.77, and correlation coefficient R2 was 87%. It is conceivable to propose the new model as potentially dependable and practical ancillary equipment in forensic sciences and dental medicine
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