1,720,969 research outputs found
Studio di fattibilità per un sistema di controllo in tempo reale nella rete fognaria consortile di Valli Piovese
No full textMolecular mechanisms of apoptosis and chemosensitivity to platinum and paclitaxel in ovarian cancer: biological data and clinical implications
No full textApoptosis is a genetically regulated biological process that plays a major role in chemotherapy-induced tumor cell killing. It may be triggered by two major intracellular signaling cascades, the mitochondrial pathway and the death receptor pathway, both leading to caspase activation and cleavage of specific cellular substrates. The p53 gene is involved in the regulation of apoptosis. Caspase activation following wild-type p53 induction is associated with the release of the apoptogenic factors cytochrome c and Smac/DIABLO from the mitochondria, that is in turn controlled by the pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins. In ovarian cancer p53 status is a strong predictor of response to platinum-based chemotherapy. Patients whose tumors have p53 mutations experience a lower chance of achieving a complete response following platinum-based regimens when compared to patients without p53 mutations. Conversely, experimental and clinical data seem to show that paclitaxel enhances apoptosis through a p53-independent pathway, that probably involves the Bax gene. Whereas patients with wild-type p53 tumors have a good chance to respond to platinum, patients with mutant p53 tumors may have a clinical benefit from the addition of paclitaxel to platinum-based chemotherapy. Therefore determining p53 status can be useful in predicting therapeutic response to specific drugs. Moreover the understanding of cellular mechanisms regulating apoptosis might offer a strong rationale for the combination of chemotherapy with other biological treatments
Melanoma: risks of non-reproductive cancer and relationship to hormone replacement therapy
No full textThe management of malignant nondysgerminomatous ovarian germ cell tumors.
No full textNondysgerminomatous ovarian germ cell tumors are always unilateral and predominantly occur in children, adolescents and young women. Conservative surgery should be the standard approach for most patients regardless of tumor stage. The role of adjuvant chemotherapy in stage I disease is questionable. Platinum-based chemotherapy is the standard postoperative treatment for all patients with advanced nondysgerminomatous ovarian germ cell malignancies. In immature teratoma patients with peritoneal spreading, chemotherapy is not required for grade 0 or 1 implants, is of uncertain significance for grade 2 lesions, but is warranted for grade 3 implants. In recent series, in which most patients received conservative surgery often followed by platinum-based chemotherapy, 5-year survival rates range from 82% to 100%. There have been several cases reported of normal babies delivered following treatment of ovarian germ cell tumors. In women previously treated conservatively for these malignancies, miscarriages are in the expected range whereas the malformation rate seems to be slightly higher than in the general population. In conclusion, the current therapeutic strategies are able to save the large majority of patients with nondysgerminomatous ovarian germ cell tumors and to preserve their reproductive potential
La terapia ormonale sostitutiva in pazienti gia' trattate per neoplasie maligne della mammella o dell' apparato genitale femminile
No full textInvestigation on dynamic behaviour for improving sewerage operation under real time monitoring
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