163,158 research outputs found
[Report to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author #1]
No full textReport to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author. The report contains a list of officers who gave depositions to the United States Attorney
[Report to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author #2]
No full textReport to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author. The report contains a list of officers who gave depositions to the United States Attorney
Treptacantha rayssiae M. Mulas, J. Neiva, comb. nov.
No full text<i>Treptacantha rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov. <p> <i>Cystoseira rayssiae</i> Ramon, <i>Israel Journal of Plant Sciences</i> 48: 59 (English), 61 (Latin); figs 1-5 (fig. 1: holotype) (1970) (basionym).</p> <p> TYPE MATERIAL. — <b>Holotype. HUJ</b> (Ashqelon, Israel; 23.V. 1953).</p> DESCRIPTION <p> The morphological characteristics of this species along the Israeli coast are well in accordance with the features of the genus as described by Orellana <i>et al.</i> (2019), although Ramon herself noted that the species exhibits considerable morphological plasticity (Figs 3; 4). <i>Treptacantha rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov., shows a tophulose, non-caespitose habit, growing up to <i>c.</i> 30 cm high (Figs 3A; 4A). The thallus is attached to the substrate by a basal disc from which a cylindrical simple or branched axis grows (Figs 3D; 4C). Tophules are present (albeit in young thalli they are poorly distinguishable) and can be of different shapes (from obovate, ovate, to club-shaped, spherical and oblong), are 3-8 mm long and up to 4 mm broad (Figs 3B; 4B), and often concentrated in the tip of the main axes. Holdfast, main axes, and tophules are perennial. Primary branches are seasonal (March-June) (Mulas <i>et al.</i> 2019), typically smooth in the basal region and occasionally with small and widely spaced spiny appendages. Branches of higher order are more robust, show lateral spines, and their inner aerocysts are inconspicuous.Transformed ends of last order branches show spiny laterals containing receptacles (Fig.3C). Differences in the morphology among specimens seem to be environmentally driven. For instance, subtidal specimens display shorter and robust branches densely covered with spinelike appendages and without pronounced receptacles compared to tide pool specimens that have less pronounced spines and correspond to Ramon’s description (Fig. 4).</p> <p> Anatomical characteristics of <i>T. rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov., cross sections corresponded to the genus <i>Treptacantha</i> as recently described by Orellana <i>et al.</i> (2019). <i>T. rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov., shows medullary cells which form a central mass, while the cortical ones having a bigger size, globose shape and thickened walls and the meristoderm is composed by a single layer of square-shaped cells (Fig. 5).</p> <p> This is in accordance with the description of the genus (Orellana <i>et al.</i> 2019): <i>Treptacantha</i> often displays significant polymorphism attributable to regional, seasonal and habitat differences (e.g. genetically – confirmed Atlantic <i>Treptacantha nodicaulis,</i> <i>Treptacantha</i> sp. from Crete, <i>T.baccata</i>, <i>T.barbata</i>, <i>T.abies-marina</i>, <i>T. ballesterosii</i> and <i>T. mauritanica</i>) stressing that morphological differences must be supported by additional evidence, such as molecular data, before describing additional species.</p> <i>Species distribution</i> <p> Literature and database records suggest a disjunct geographical distribution for <i>T. rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov., as shown in Figure 1A. <i>Treptacantha rayssiae</i> can be found in tide pools associated with vermetid reefs (abrasion platforms) in north Israel (Rilov <i>et al.</i> 2020), and as scattered individuals (in several locations), or as an extensive forest (only in one location, in Haifa) on horizontal subtidal bedrocks down to 5 m depth (Fig. 1B, based on Ramon 2000, Mulas <i>et al.</i> 2019, Peleg <i>et al.</i> 2019 and personal observations). In addition to Israel (Ramon 2000; Einav & Israel 2008), <i>T. rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov., has been also recently reported from several sites in Lebanon (Nakoura, Adloun, Barbara, Ras-Chekaa) (Badreddine <i>et al.</i> 2018). Surprisingly, extra-Mediterranean records were also reported from one site (Dahab) in the Red Sea along the Egyptian coast of the Gulf of Aqaba (Abdel-Raouf <i>et al.</i> 2015) and from six sites in the Persian Gulf (Ras Tanura, Saftwah, Al Qatif, Sayhat, Ad Dammam and Al Azizayah) in Saudi Arabia (Abdel-Kareem 2009).</p> <p> These extra-Mediterranean records have not been genetically confirmed. In case they are not misidentifications, three exclusive scenarios can be postulated. In the first scenario, <i>T. rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov., may be a palaeoendemic species that was formerly widespread (before the closure of the Mediterranean passages to the Indian Ocean, some 20 MYA), and is now restricted to several very small “relict” areas of its past distribution. In the second scenario, <i>T. rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov., may be a Lessepsian migrant first detected in the invaded region, the Levantine basin, and later in the origin region, the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf. These two scenarios seem unlikely because <i>T. rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov., and <i>T. nodicaulis</i> are more closely related than <i>T. nodicaulis</i> and <i>T. baccata</i>, and the two latter are estimated to have diverged around 10 MYA (Silberfeld <i>et al.</i> 2010), i.e., already after the closure of the eastern Tethyan seaway (Bialik <i>et al.</i> 2019). Under the third scenario, <i>T. rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov., is an eastern Mediterranean endemic seaweed that has migrated to the Indo-Pacific, a rare case of anti-Lessepsian migration. It should be noted that there are only a handful examples of anti-Lessepsian species, making this last scenario also unlikely (Golani <i>et al.</i> 2002). Among the very few marine organisms that have moved from the Mediterranean into the Red Sea, are the fish <i>Solea aegyptiaca</i> Chabanaud, and six species of polychaetes (Golani <i>et al.</i> 2002; Faiza 2009; Chanet <i>et al.</i> 2012), but no macroalgal species recorded so far. In contrast, a large number of Lessepsian macroalgae migrants have been recorded in the Mediterranean Sea along the years (Por 1971, 1978; Galil & Zenetos 2002; Rilov & Galil 2009; Otero <i>et al.</i> 2013; Boudouresque <i>et al.</i> 2016; Galil <i>et al.</i> 2017; Israel & Einav 2017), where the last update has counted 119 alien macrophytes introduced by different sources out of a total of 613 confirmed marine organisms (Verlaque <i>et al.</i> 2015; Zenetos <i>et al.</i> 2017). All possible hypothetical scenarios to explain the extra-Mediterranean records are not supported by evidence. The main growing/reproductive season of <i>T. rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov., is winter- spring and not warmer summer months when the fronds are shed, and the basal perennial parts enter a dormancy period (Mulas <i>et al.</i> 2019). A temperate growth and reproductive window do not support a tropical origin, but seasonal shifts are also observed among tropical species. Because all three scenarios are highly unlikely, we suspect that the records from the Persian Gulf and the Red Sea (Abdel-Kareem 2009; Abdel- Raouf <i>et al.</i> 2015) are based on misidentifications. In the study of Abdel-Kareem (2009), the photographic record has poor quality but does not resemble <i>T. rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov. In fact, in both studies of Abdel-Kareem (2009) and Abdel-Raouf <i>et al.</i> (2015), the taxonomical identification of <i>T. rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov. (as <i>Cystoseira rayssiae</i>) was based on the reference check-list of the Red Sea of Lipkin & Silva (2002) which, however, never mentions <i>T. rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov., but rather the common fucoid <i>Polycladia myrica</i> (as <i>Cystoseira myrica</i>). This species and <i>Syrophysalis trinodis</i> (as <i>Cystoseira trinodis</i>) have also been reported from the Red Sea in other studies (e.g. Ibraheem <i>et al.</i> 2014). Many seaweed groups are notoriously difficult to identify, and this applies also to <i>Cystoseira sensu lato</i> and related genera. Thus, we conclude that the most plausible explanation is that <i>T. rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov., was misidentified in these studies, and the species is a unique example of a Levantine Basin endemism. If what we claim is confirmed by further analyses of Mediterranean samples, conclusively excluding it from nearby areas (Cyprus, southern Turkey and farther away), the protection of this species emerges as a priority in the Mediterranean Sea, because of the restricted local distribution and increasing pressures such as rabbitfish and sea urchin overgrazing, pollution, ocean warming and urbanization.</p>Published as part of <i>Mulas, Martina, Neiva, João, Sadogurska, Sofia S., Ballesteros, Enric, Serrão, Ester A., Rilov, Gil & Israel, Álvaro, 2020, Genetic affinities and biogeography of putative Levantine-endemic seaweed Treptacantha rayssiae (Ramon) M. Mulas, J. Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov. (Phaeophyceae), pp. 91-103 in Cryptogamie, Algologie 20 (10)</i> on pages 96-97, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-algologie2020v41a10, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/7819042">http://zenodo.org/record/7819042</a>
Numerical iterative analysis for vehicle-bridge dynamic interaction
No full textabstract in: D. Bismor, M.I. Michalczyk, M. Pawelczyk, J. Ciešlik eds., “The Sixteenth International Congress on Sound and Vibration, Krakow, Poland, 5-9 July, 2009, Program and Book of abstracts”, pag. 108, ISBN 978-83-60716-72-
Estimating cellular redundancy in networks of genetic expression
No full textNetworks of genetic expression can be modeled by hypergraphs with the additional structure that real coefficients are given to each vertex-edge incidence. The spectra, i.e. the multiset of the eigenvalues, of such hypergraphs, are known to encode structural information of the data. We show how these spectra can be used, in particular, in order to give an estimation of cellular redundancy, a novel measure of gene expression heterogeneity, of the network. We analyze some simulated and real data sets of gene expression for illustrating the new method proposed here.</p
Non-invasive passive control of steel MRFs with rotational friction devices
No full textThe efficiency of a passive control technique is analyzed in the case of the seismic retrofitting of a steel moment-resisting frame (MRF). A significant part of the energy input by the earth¬quake is dissipated through rotational friction devices, located around beam-column joint zones where inelastic behavior is expected. An experimental cyclic test has validated the hysteretic restoring force model of the device, which has been adopted to numerically model the device in a computer code for the nonlinear analysis of steel MRFs. As an example of application, a frame designed by Tsai and Popov in 1988 is analyzed; the po¬sitive effect of retrofitting, for both the serviceability and the ultimate limit state (SLS and ULS), is measured by the reduction in local and global ductility requirements
Murder on the mountain: author talk with Peter J. Wosh
No full textAuthor talk by Peter J. Wosh on May 5th, 2022, on his book, "Murder on the Mountain: crime, passion, and punishment in gilded age New Jersey.
Seismic redesign of steel frames by local insertion of dissipatinf devices
No full textThe possibility of extending to steel moment resisting frames a retrofitting technique, previously developed for RC structures, is investigated in this work. This technique is based on the incorpo¬ration of energy dissipating devices around the regions where inelastic behaviour due to a strong earthquake is expected. This extension, however, is not straightforward, due to the deeply different nonlinear behaviour of steel and RC members under cyclic flexure. Therefore, in a first step, a numerically efficient analytical beam model has been developed, to represent the nonlinear behaviour of the devices, and has been implemented in the computer code STEFAN for the nonlinear analysis of steel plane frames, which adopts realistic models for both beam elements and joint panel zones. Secondly, making use of the code STEFAN, an 8-story, 5-bay frame, designed according to Eurocodes 3 and 8 prescriptions, has been analysed, both in its original and redesigned state. The results of the nonlinear analyses confirm the positive effects of dissipating devices for the case at study
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