174 research outputs found
Polybenzimidazole-1D interconnected carbon framework decorated with nickel manganese oxide nanoparticles for hybrid supercapacitors
No full textThis study explores the synthesis and characterization of a ternary nanocomposite made up of nickel manganese oxide (NMO), polybenzimidazole (pBIM), and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) for supercapacitor applications. Material characterizations confirm the structural integrity and uniformity of the synthesized components, which highlight their potential for stable performance. Through comprehensive electrochemical evaluations using cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), the NMO-pBIM-MWCNT ternary nanocomposite shows exceptional specific capacitance, energy density, and power density due to the synergistic effects among its components. The hybrid electrode achieves a maximum specific capacitance of 1766 Fg−1 and an energy density of 62 Wh kg−1. The fabricated symmetric supercapacitor device demonstrates a specific capacitance of 378.9 F g−1, an energy density of 36.4 Wh kg−1, and a power density of 171.5 W kg−1 at a current density of 0.1 Ag−1. We also investigate practical applications of the flexible supercapacitor device, showcasing its potential to power various loads with LED arrays. This study advances supercapacitor technology and highlights the versatility of ternary nanocomposites in meeting the evolving demands for energy storage
6G Wireless:The Communication Paradigm Beyond 2030
No full text6G Wireless: The Communication Paradigm Beyond 2030 offers a thorough discussion of some key emerging technologies such as Intelligent Reflecting Surface (IRS), Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV), Aerial Computing, Terahertz (THz) Communications, Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) and Rate Splitting Multiple Access (RSMA). The book provides a comprehensive coverage of the vision, requirements, use cases, enabling technologies, and challenges for the future 6G wireless communication systems. This includes discussions on how 6G and future IoT systems will enable extremely low latency healthcare systems, smart industry, haptic communications, programmable wireless environment (PWE), advanced VR/AR and holographic communications. IRS is expected to play a prominent role in 6G and the book thoroughly discusses the role of IRS in enabling physical layer security, UAV communications as well as D2D communications. It also explains channel modeling for IRS enabled PWE. Another key aspect of the book is that it provides a comprehensive discussion on security challenges of emerging 6G systems and their potential solutions. Apart from this, it also explains how blockchain techniques can be used for future IoT applications such as intelligent manufacturing and asset tracking. Written in tutorial style, the book is primarily intended for postgraduate students and researchers in the broad domain of wireless communications as well as research-active academics. The book can also be useful as a reference book for BSc/MSc project/thesis works.</p
Negotiating Islam. Dialogues between Liberalism and Islamic Theologies in 21st Century Britain
No full textThe recent intense focus upon Islam in the UK comes at a time when the religion is in
a state of flux, with the traditions followed by older generations slowly giving way to
new forms of religious expression. New interpretations are very gradually emerging at
precisely the same time as suspicions are on the increase about Islam undermining
national identity and respect for the liberal democratic division between public and
private spheres. Against this tense backdrop, this thesis seeks to explore debates about
religious interpretation and the relationship between Islam and liberalism that are
ongoing among Britain’s Muslims. It draws upon data collected from a variety of new
initiatives (focusing upon three in particular) that are involved in disseminating Islamic
knowledge and discussing Islamic norms. Using this data, it examines the arguments of
a wide variety of Islamic scholars, clerics and activists and highlights some of the ways
in which Islam is being related to the British context.
Of particular concern in the thesis are the implications these debates have for liberal
traditions in the UK. It considers the effects of conventions of public discourse that
seek to stifle the expression of religious ideas upon the possible future flourishing of
British society and politics. The thesis argues against liberal political philosophies that
aim to restrict public speech so that only “public” or “secular” reasons are offered in
political debates, arguing that to do this is to risk mutual isolation between the UK’s
many religious and secular moral traditions. It uses debates among Muslims in the UK
on subjects such as national identity, political participation and civil and Islamic law to
illustrate and give weight to this argument
حفیظ خان کے اردو ناول '' انواسی '' میں مقامیت کی تشکیل اور پیشکش
No full textThe influence of regional culture is significant in Hafiz Ahmad’s novel “ Anvasi “. Novel being the greatest genre of Urdu language has a greater capacity of linguistic content and cultural commentary than other genres of Urdu language. This novel describes the helplessness and despair of nativism, which is defeated by the culture of science and how the encampment of the English master is more orderly and comfortable than the old permanent population. In this novel , Urdu language is given a new flavor with Saraiki vocabulary, every day and syntactical terms. This novel is a beautiful addition to the catalogue of Urdu novels. The language of this novel is entrusting trustworthiness, credence and identity to the regional discourses and in this process of authentic image of the spirit of Pakistan in manifested
فضل احمد کریم فضلی کے ناول ’’خونِ جگر ہونے تک ‘‘میں علاقائی ثقافت اور زبان کے اثرات
No full textThe influence of regional language and culture is significant in Fazali's Novel, Khon-e-Jigar Hony Tak being the greatest genre of Urdu language has a greater capacity of linguistic content and cultent commentary than other genres of Urdu language. There, we can maintain that Pakistani Urdu novel has the impact of regional languages and culture. Due to its cultural and civilizational aspects, Urdu language has an ability of expansion. The living and progressive languages have the capacity to absorb new words. This process of comprehension and acquisition synchronize the language with the new times. Therefore, the adoption of modern, terms of science and arts helps expansion. Evolution has been innate in Urdu since its inception with the espousal of words of regional languages, people of different areas can come closer. As human beings, divided into different tribes and families, are in contact with each other; likewise, the languages, being apart, have deep concern amongst them
Sectarian influences within Islam in Britain with special reference to community
No full textAlthough much is heard from the Media of the Muslim `community' in Britain, the latter is in fact far from presenting a united front. There are divisions between
generations and ethnic origins, and a diversity of religious practice and doctrine. There are many different religious groups at work that originate from the subcontinent, and reflect this wide range. Organisations like Young Muslims UK, Tabligh-i Jamaat, and schools of thought represented by the Deobandis and Barehvis,
to name but four, play a vital role in the life of many Muslims. They both link them back to their roots in the subcontinent and influence the direction that Islam will take in Britain.
The Muslim population in Britain is approaching two million. It is involved in a process of redefining itself as a minority in an alien culture. For the older generation
the conflict has been cultural, their own ethnicity being under seige from the values of the receiving culture. Islam becomes an important ally of ethnic identity. For many
Muslims born in Britain, however, the process is more complex. Their parents' values can seem as strange, or even stranger, than the values of the receiving culture. For
this increasing percentage of the population, their religion can offer an identity. Stimulated by Islam's global revival and the West's reaction to it, some Muslims are attempting to discover a faith stripped of cultural accretions which are considered to be unlslamic. In the process they hope to find the universal Islam which can be practised in any environment. They feel that this is the key to establishing a successful British Islamic community.
The ideal of ammah has always been central in Islam, but now becomes an important concept in the development of Islam in Britain. There are several questions to
be considered: To what degree does an unmrah exist? What is its form? How is it likely to change? What effect will it have on the development of Muslims seeking a more localised identity in Britain? Within this context, what will be the effect of the various organisations and schools of thought at work amongst Muslims? To what degree will they shape the development of Islam in Britain? Are they free from
'cultural accretion' or are they firmly rooted in idiosyncratic local expressions of the faith? Will Islam in Britain be moderate, or strongly revivalist in nature under their influence? Are they unifying or divisive forces? Can they hope to resolve traditional differences and work together in the new environment of Britain?
In spite of the increasing interest in the Muslim presence in Britain, very few
major works have looked at the influence of these various groups in the context of these questions. I know for myself that I could have used this kind of study when working for my M. A. in Religious Studies, and I know of many students in the same position. I feel that this study will therefore contribute not only to the study of Islam but also to the study of the various minority faiths found in Britain
Microwave-assisted green synthesis of superparamagnetic nanoparticles using fruit peel extracts: surface engineering, T2 relaxometry, and photodynamic treatment potential
No full textShazia Bano,1–3 Samina Nazir,2 Alia Nazir,1 Saeeda Munir,3 Tariq Mahmood,2 Muhammad Afzal,1 Farzana Latif Ansari,4 Kehkashan Mazhar3 1Department of Physics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 2Nanosciences and Technology Department, National Centre for Physics, 3Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), 4Pakistan Council for Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan Abstract: Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have the potential to be used as multimodal imaging and cancer therapy agents due to their excellent magnetism and ability to generate reactive oxygen species when exposed to light. We report the synthesis of highly biocompatible SPIONs through a facile green approach using fruit peel extracts as the biogenic reductant. This green synthesis protocol involves the stabilization of SPIONs through coordination of different phytochemicals. The SPIONs were functionalized with polyethylene glycol (PEG)-6000 and succinic acid and were extensively characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis, field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, diffused reflectance spectroscopy, fluorescence emission, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and magnetization analysis. The developed SPIONs were found to be stable, almost spherical with a size range of 17–25 nm. They exhibited excellent water dispersibility, colloidal stability, and relatively high R2 relaxivity (225 mM-1 s-1). Cell viability assay data revealed that PEGylation or carboxylation appears to significantly shield the surface of the particles but does not lead to improved cytocompatibility. A highly significant increase of reactive oxygen species in light-exposed samples was found to play an important role in the photokilling of human cervical epithelial malignant carcinoma (HeLa) cells. The bio-SPIONs developed are highly favorable for various biomedical applications without risking interference from potentially toxic reagents. Keywords: green approach, biocompatible, multifunctional, bio synthesis, surface modification, microwave incubation, MRI contrast agent, photosensitive SPION
Introduction to 6G Wireless Communications
No full textThis chapter provides an expert view on the most trending research directions that will likely shape the technological changes needed for the sixth generation (6G) mobile communication systems for the next decade. The notion of collective artificial intelligence (AI), in contrast to the hype of using conventional AI or machine learning methods in wireless systems, is a revolutionary element in 6G. Blockchain technology will likely play a major role in securing and authenticating future communication systems, thanks to the inherent advantages of the distributed ledger technology. While the technologies are expected to provide the technological leaps required for the speculative 6G vision, there are many challenges researchers and engineers will need to address in order to harvest full benefits of 6G. The chapter also presents an overview of the key concepts discussed in this book.</p
Experimental investigations on a diesel engine operated with fuel blends derived from a mixture of Pakistani waste tyre oil and waste soybean oil biodiesel
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