6 research outputs found
Firmness evaluation of Watermelon using acoustic method
No full textAccess is limited to UniMAP community.Firmness is one of the most important criteria in terms of quality in watermelon grading. Firmness can be used to indicate the ripeness of the watermelon fruit. The firmness evolution of fruit during storage enabled the producers to manage the storing
time and fruit freshness before heading out to consumer. Currently, the most reliable method is by tapping the fruit. Experience workers will tap the fruit and hear the sound produced when the fruit is being hit. Immature fruit will produce metallic ringing sound while mature fruit will produce hollow or dull sound. This project aims to develop a measurement system using acoustic method to measure the watermelon fruit firmness mimicking the tapping of the fruit by experience worker. The measurement system uses solenoid to mimicking the tapping of the fruit and microphone to mimic the ears of the experience worker. The measurement system gather the acoustic impulse produce by the fruit once the fruit being hit and evaluate the firmness index (S). Once the measurement system is developed, the evolution of watermelon fruit during storage in 15 days periods
was assessed based on the firmness index over number of days. The firmness index of the watermelons decrease as the day goes by at the rate of 0.0856 kg/day. The range value of firmness is between 1.0 × 105 to 4.5 × 105 2/3−2. Besides that, the hardness and the sweetness level of the watermelons was also evaluated. The hardness of the watermelon show a decrease in trend which are similar to firmness. The range value of hardness is between 4400 to 5550 g. For the sweetness level, the sweetness of the watermelons decrease over time but they are not conclusive. The correlation between firmness and
hardness was also evaluated and it seems there is a worthwhile relationship between them
Preliminary Studies on Antimicrobial Activity of Extracts from Aloe Vera Leaf, Citrus Hystrix Leaf, Zingiber Officinale and Sabah Snake Grass Against Bacillus Subtilis
No full textLink to publisher's homepage at https://www.matec-conferences.org/Herbal plants have several potential antimicrobial activities either as antifungal or antibacterial to fight against the disease and pathogen that attack the plants. The extractions of the Aloe vera leaf, Citrus hystrix leaf, Zingiber officinale rhizome and Sabah snake grass were selected in this study to fight against Bacillus subtilis. B. subtilis is a Gram-positive bacterium, rodshaped and catalase-positive that lives on decayed organic material. It is known as Gram-positive bacteria because of its thick peptidoglycan and would appear purple when subjected to Gram test. This species is commonly found in the upper layers of the soil, in meat or vegetables, in pastry, cooked meat, in bread or poultry products. The extracts of Sabah Snake Grass found to be most effective than A.vera leaf, Z. officinale, and C. hystrix against the B. subtilis
Assessing Antimicrobial Activity of Aloe Vera against Colletrotrichum Capsici and Bacillus Subtilis
No full textLink to publisher's homepage at http://jere.unimap.edu.myNowadays, overuse of chemical fungicide has a side effect which is harmful to human, cause
environmental problem and destroys the antagonist microorganisms. Therefore, it is
important to develop natural fungicide and bactericide from the plant extract. For this study,
chilli anthracnose fungus, Colletotrichum capsici and a pathogenic bacterium Bacillus subtilis
were used for assessing the antimicrobial activity. C. capcisi was isolated from the chilli plant
and its morphology was identified. Antifungal activity was demonstrated by using different
concentrations Aloe vera extract (from 1000 to 5000 ppm). Aloe vera has a lower inhibition of
C. capsici at each concentration, which was 1.17 % at 1000 ppm and 7.20 % at 5000 ppm. As
for the antibacterial activity, different concentrations of Aloe vera extracts (from 1.25 to 200
mg/ml) were tested on B. subtilis by disc diffusion method. Aloe vera has a higher inhibition of
B. subtilis at 200 mg/ml which was 21.33 mm while there is no inhibition zone at 1.25 mg/ml.
B. subtilis proved that MIC is 2.5 mg/ml. In conclusion, Aloe vera can be used as the biological
fungicide to replace the chemical fungicide. On the other hand, Aloe vera is suitable to be the
commercialized as a natural bactericide
Development of Long-Term Talent in Sports Model Based on Anthropometric and Motor Fitness Components using Multivariate Analysis
No full textThe study attempts to use multivariate analysis to evaluate the profile of male player for developments of Long-Term Talent in Sports (LT-TiS) model based on anthropometric and motor fitness components. Data of anthropometric and motor fitness included power, flexibility, coordination and speed were obtained from 2019 respondents aged year. Data interpretations were carried out using multivariate analysis of Principle Components Analysis (PCA) and Discriminant analysis (DA). The adequacy of sampling has been measured using Bartletts tests on sphericity and Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) has been used, with this conformance of running the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Then, Discriminant Analysis (DA) were used to validate the correctness of group classification by LT-TiS model. Then, Discriminant Analysis (DA) were used to validate the correctness of group classification by LT-TiS. As a result, two factors with eigenvalues greater than 1 were extracted which accounted for 55.00% of the variations present in the original variables was found. The two factors were used to obtain the factor score coefficients explained by 27.86% and 27.21% of the variations in player performance respectively. Factor 1 revealed high factor loading on motor fitness compared to factor 2 as it was significantly related to anthropometrics. A model was obtained using standardized coefficient of factor 1. Three clusters of performance were shaped in view by categorizing; , and as good, moderate and poor performance respectively. Six discriminated variables obtained using forward and backward stepwise mode by DA including weight, height, standing broad jump, hand wall toss, sit and reach and 20 meter run. Variables have been established as an important indicator of choosing talented player
