128 research outputs found
One Belt One Road Summit 2017 and its Implications for CPEC: An Overview*
Full text linkMuch has been written on the One Belt One Road(OBOR) Initiative and also on the China Pakistan Economic Corridor(CPEC) but the historians has ignored the Belt and Road Summit 2017 and this paper attempts to fill the research gap in the historical writings. OBOR is a project which showcases China‟s global outreach in Asia, Africa and Europe and the CPEC project is an important component of this project. This paper will only discuss the CPEC project in light of the “The Belt and Road Summit” summit held in Beijing in 2017. Many heads of state and government attended it. Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif (Prime Minister of Pakistan), accompanied by four chief ministers of the country also participated it. The presence of this highpowered delegation from Pakistan helped to reaffirm the importance and continuity of the ChinaPakistan Economic Corridor. The author argues that this summit was a landmark not only for the progression of OBOR but also a historic development for the economic, social, cultural and strategic partnership of Pakistan. 
Role of the Majlis-i-Ahrar Islam in the Kashmir Movement of 1931
No full textThis article deals with the role played in the politico-religious turmoil which engulfed the Jammu and Kashmir region in the early 1930s, by a new Muslim political grouping, the Majlis-i-Ahrar Islam-Hind (henceforth, the “MAIâ€). The critical phase of the Kashmir movement which unfolded during the year 1931 highlighted the precarious political, social and economic condition of the Kashmiri Muslims and the state became a lightning-rod for the activist workers of both the Muslim League and the Indian National Congress. While the Kashmiris were at the forefront of their struggle against the oppression of Hari Singh and his dictatorial rule the important role of the non-Kashmiri party, the MAI, which was instrumental in bringing the Kashmir issue into the fore-front of the Indian political scene, has for some reasons, been overlooked by the historians. Much has been written on the role of various Muslim political parties in the Kashmiris’ movement for independence before and after the creation of Pakistan but an important phase of this movement, which took place in 1931, has generally been ignored. This paper attempts to fill the gap in the existing literature on the movement of the Kashmiri people for their rights, in 1931, as he feels that it is oft-neglected area of the Indian political scene of that era; secondly, the writer wants to highlight the prominent role played by the MAI in this movement. The writer feels that MAI had two main goals in sight which prompted its participation: Firstly, the motivation for helping the Kashmiri Muslims for helping secure their due rights; and, secondly, to prevent the Ahmadiyas from playing a leading role in the Kashmiri struggle and, thereby, securing a strong base amongst the Muslims of Kashmir. I would see this as a key factor in its motivation
MUHAMMAD IQBAL CHAWLA. Wavell and the Dying Days of the Raj: Britain's Penultimate Viceroy in India.
No full textBOOK REVIEW The Charismatic Leader: Quaid-i-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah and the Creation of Pakistan
Full text linkThe figure and personality of the Quaid-i-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah is a fertile area for researchers, for he played a key role in the creation of Pakistan which altered the political map of South Asia and ushered in a new era of freedom struggle in the Muslim world particularly and the world at large. Professor Dr. Sikandar Hayat, an eminent researcher and scholar has written extensively, in national and international research journals, on the Muslim struggle for Independence and especially on the role of Jinnah in the making of Pakistan. The book under review is his recent discourse on the Quaid worth reading and fills the gap in the existing historical research material.  
Intellectual Resistence to Extremism in Pakistan: A Historical Discourse (25-04-15)
Full text linkThis paper attempts to explore and analyze the genesis and dynamics of extremism in Pakistan, phenomena which can have serious political implications for South Asia. While analyzing the evolution and growth of extremism in Pakistan, the underlying hypothesis of this paper is that Pakistani society as a whole, more specifically, its intellectuals, displayed strong resistance to extremism preached or practiced by any group or individual. Intellectuals from west Punjab, no less than those from other provinces and areas of Pakistan, were always in the forefront in all such political phases or instances. A general study of the times and literary works of Shah Hussain, Bullah Shah, Habib Jalib, Munir Niazi et al, will clearly reflect that throughout history, the Punjabi poets have never endorsed acts which might endanger human life and always stood up against violence and extremism. For them, human existence was not about hatred or violence. Instead, they always emphasised on unconditional love for humanity as a whole irrespective of caste, creed and religion. 
Wavell’s Relations with His Majesty’s Government (October 1943-March 1947)
No full textThis paper attempts to investigate the relationship between the British Government in India and His Majesty’s Government in London during Wavell’s viceroyalty of India (1943- 1947). It discusses the differences in ideas, approaches and plans of Wavell with the British political leaders such as Churchill, Cripps, Amery, Pethic Lawrence and Attlee and examines their actions because they shaped the policies of the British Government towards British India. 
Comparative study of two progressive contemporary Muslims scholars: Abdessalam Yassine and Parvez.
Full text linkAfter the end of the dismemberment of the Ottoman Empire (1924) parts of the Muslim world which constituted the Usmania Empire experienced the Western imperialism directly and indirectly. Muslims in post-WWII freed countries across the world feel that their country’s governments have been under the influence of western powers even after gaining official independence when deciding internal and external policies. Whether it was the Cold War era or the current single superpower phenomenon Muslims have encountered enormous internal and external challenges. The incident of 9/11 and then the fallout from the failure of the events of the Arab Spring in the Middle East the Muslim world has been most affected by these developments. Political instability, social evils, poverty, unemployment, drug trafficking, human smuggling, and most importantly, extremism, have badly affected some of the states’ very existence. Circumstantial evidence evidently strengthened the case of anti-Islam forces that are bent upon proving Muslims as extremists and thus Islam-phobia is still on the rise in the West. The Muslim intelligentsia feels coverage that forms the main source for so-called intellectual and enlightened views of the Western world--or the ‘North’ against the South--at the moment, is chiefly responsible for existing anti-Muslim feeling in the west. Although Islam has been maligned by most of the Western media as if it was the root-cause of extremism in the Muslim world yet there have been a handful of intellectuals who have pondered over to find out the causes of downfall of the Muslim civilization and propounded prescriptions to regenerate the Muslim society. Therefore, there is a dire need to understand the causes and effects of degradation of Muslim civilization in the world from a different perspective and this paper attempts to explore and analyze the genesis and dynamics of Muslim civilization in the contemporary Muslim world. While analyzing the evolution and growth of challenges of varied kinds including the social, political and economic, the underlying hypothesis of this paper is that Muslim intellectuals have not only pointed out the weaknesses in the society but also proposed solutions to their continued degradation. The paper shows that the intellectuals from the Muslim world were always in the forefront in all such political phases and created awareness among the masses. A general study and comparison of the literary works of Ghulam Ahmad Perwez (1906-1985) and Abdessalam Yassine (1928-2012) will clearly reflect that throughout the last half of the past century, Muslim thinkers have spelled out such practices of Islam which could help create an ideal society where there could not be fear, violence and extremism
Library Sources Available on Pre-Islamic Religious Traditions of the Eastern Hindu Kush and on Shamanism among the Kalasha People
Full text linkThe shamanism is the oldest cult of human being, in Pakistan the Kalasha are the sole people in the (eastern) Hindu Kush region who have the tradition of shamanism alive though at the last breath. The Kalasha are Indo-Aryan people of Dardic branch and their religion has similarities with the religion of Vedic period. Shaman or dehar is one of the most significant institutions of the community and is the most spiritual in nature. However, for some decades the shamanism due to multiple reasons is towards the decline; impurity is the key reason. Though the Kalasha people does not have any prophet or the divine book therefore the dehar gets more importance which, according to the Kalasha traditions, is a coordinator among his people and the creator through supernatural beings like fairies. Recent times is not good for the community, there is no real dehar for some decades and community is without spiritual leadership
Representation of Women in Postcolonial Literature in Pakistan
Full text linkThis article attempts to explores, investigate and analyzes the postcolonial Urdu writings on the Pakistani women‟s participation in the socio-economic, religious and political arena. Urdu literature is spread all over the subcontinent and there are no borders in literature that can split it into two. This article would like to discuss literature mainly produced by Pakistani writers. However, while arguing that most literature has been written from a patriarchal viewpoint throughout the history, two main themes dominated the postcolonial literature firstly, role of women in the patriarchal society and other, the trauma of migration and its impact on the Muslim women in Pakistan. Islamic influence enforced purdah on Muslim women and purdahless women were regarded as infidel and shameless in literature. Nineteenth century Muslim writers advocated modern education for women not with the idea of emancipation but with a view to creating the modern wife, sister and mother. In this context, we can see that Allama Rashid-ulKhairi's modernist writings which were apparently sympathetic to women, were in fact meant to strengthen existing gender arrangements. The Progressive Writers‟ Movement brought about some change in the representation of women and the family, for example, Sajjad Haider Yaldram, Azeem Baig Chughtai and Ismat Chughtai depicted the negative side of the patriarchal society in which women were being exploited. The horror and trauma of partition enabled writers like Saadat Hasan Manto to highlight contradictions within the apparently monolithic institution of the family. Aziz Ahmad and Qurat-ul-Ain Haider also poignantly painted the picture of disintegrated lives and the anguish of exile. This article also demonstrates that male domination is consolidated through binary constructions of good women and bad women in society. This has been a continuation of nineteenth century notions of Muslim womanhood most clearly portrayed in Deputy Nazeer Ahmad's novel Mirat-ul-Uroos. The article will encompass the representation of women in Urdu literature during post-independence Pakistan. The influence of patriarchal mindset of the society on literature will also be discussed 
Belt and Road Initiative: Regional and Global Dimensions
No full textThis paper is an attempt to explore the regional significance and global dimensions of the Chinese President Xi Jin Ping’s vision and initiative regarding Belt and Road which can transform adjacent countries like Afghanistan, Central Asian Republican States (CARS), India, Iran, Nepal and Pakistan into a real economic hub in coming time. Belt and road initiative is a mega project which includes; massive road connectivity, geographical linkages, rail and road transportation system, people to people contacts, development of understanding through cultural, academic, business and professional exchanges for the progress and prosperity of this vast region. In fact, the initiative of China Pakistan Economic Corridor is one of the mega projects which focuses; the creation of new regional connectivity through Gwadar Sea Port, giving direct access to Chinese goods from Kashgar (China) towards Gwadar (Pakistan).Hence, this development of faster infrastructure of rail, roads, towards maritimetransportation and communication is an important project which can connect thecountries of the area like Afghanistan, India, Nepal, Central Asia as well as Iran.Thus, the Gwadar Port will connect China, Russia, Middle East, Central Asia andSouth East Asia. The OBOR and CPEC are a burning issue and much debated topic in today’s Pakistan and world at large. In Pakistan mostly people believe that the CPEC will be a major source of economic development, peace and prosperity. On the one hand, US and India nexus, is trying to develop negative image about the project of CPEC by creating the impression of another colonial domination on the Pakistan territory in the form of Chinese presence. India is making all efforts, to sabotage and to damage the credibility of the CPEC project. This paper by delving and investigating the OBOR and CPEC connections will try to encapsulate the regional importance, dimensions of the project of Belt and Road initiative
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