1,720,952 research outputs found
Astrology in literature: how the prohibited became permissible in the Arabic poetry of the mediaeval period
Full text linkThis thesis is concerned to position the art of astrology within the context of classical Arabic poetry, primarily by investigating and elucidating attitudes to the notion of
qadar (fate) and the ideology in which it was embedded. These attitudes were revelatory of the broader world view of the Arabs of those periods, and their shifts from those held in the pre-Islamic and early Islamic eras tell us a good deal about the importance given to the nature and role of fate and about the various understandings of its influence. The pre-Islamic Arab's notion of qadar was in some ways similar to that of the early Muslims: both emphasised predetermination and the irresistible power of fate. But while the jahilf (Pre-Islamic) Arabs identified fate with the malign power of dahr (Time), the Muslims believed the power of fate lies in the hands of God the
Omnipotent, who alone is responsible for the fate of the whole universe. Thus the astrology of the pre-Islamic era was one aspect of divination (kihana) and claimed to be
able to reveal in advance an individual's destiny, which could be avoided by taking certain precautions. These precautions, however, were considered effective only in
relatively trivial cases; they were useless in the areas of major impact: a person's happiness or misery (shaqiiwa aw sa ada), sustenance (rizq) and one's term (ajal), the
three inevitable and irresistible manifestations of fate. In the Islamic period not only these major aspects of life are governed and controlled by the Omnipotent; the destiny
of the universe, in even its most minute details, is determined and controlled by God alone. Astrology was considered to be of no value whatsoever, and its practitioners were subject to the death penalty. These two irreconcilable views are evident in early Islamic poetry, which reflected clearly the response of poets, and society, to astrology from the perspective of qadar.
When the orthodox caliphate was replaced by dynastic rule the status of astrology was changed dramatically. The idea that the stars, as indicators, play a role in the life of
human beings found popowerful supporters in some governors of the Islamic world, who allowed astrology to fulfil a public function regardless of the hostility of the official
religion of that society. This social phenomenon generated rich material of a controversial character in the realm of literature. Investigating the factors, motivations
and impact of mediaeval political, theological and philosophical attitudes to astrology, in relation to the notions of free will and predestination, is the concern of this study
Distributed Optimization for Railway Track Maintenance Operations Planning
No full textAn essential component of railway infrastructures is track ballast. As railway track is used frequently by passing rolling stocks, its performance degrades over time. At certain degradation levels, maintenance interventions must be carried out to improve the track performance so to meet technical and safety regulations. In this way, the risk of accident or derailment can be minimized and the railway interoperability is ensured. Furthermore, the responsibility of designing maintenance plan belongs to infrastructure managers. To help them, predictive strategies based on optimization can suggest the optimal schedule to maintain the track over a certain time period. In this way, track performance and maintenance costs can be explicitly optimized over the whole life cycle of the track.However, a railway network typically consists of multiple track sections, each of them with different degradation level and parameters. Hence, the optimization of track maintenance can be considered as a large-scale problem which has a large number of decision variables. For such kind of problem, the conventional centralized optimization is very difficult or even not tractable to solve due to limitations on the computational time and resources. One way to overcome this issue is by applying the so-called distributed optimization scheme. In such approach, the original optimization problem is partitioned into multiple smaller, tractable subproblems. Therefore, the optimization is tractable and more preferred for real-life implementations.This thesis develops distributed optimization approaches for track maintenance operations planning problem. Three different schemes are compared: Parallel Augmented Lagrangian Relaxation (PALR), Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM), and Distributed Robust Safe But Knowledgeable (DRSBK). As these distributed approaches basically designed for convex problems, extension techniques to handle non-convex nature of the proposed optimization problem are implemented. Furthermore, some case studies are defined to evaluate the algorithms from both performance and numerical perspectives. In simulations of small, medium, and large-scale instances, it is shown that in most cases, DRSBK can outperform the other distributed approaches, by providing the closest-to-optimum solution to the centralized optimization problem while having the shortest computation time.Mechanical Engineering | Systems and Contro
Arabic printing in Malta 1825-1845 : Its history and its place in the development of print culture in the Arab Middle East.
Full text linkSIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:D174840 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo
Distributed optimization for railway track maintenance operations planning
No full textIn this paper, distributed optimization approaches are developed for the planning of maintenance operations of large-scale railway infrastructure formulated as a Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) problem. The proposed planning problem is solved using three different distributed optimization schemes: Parallel Augmented Lagrangian Relaxation (PALR), Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM), and Distributed Robust Safe But Knowledgeable (DRSBK). The original distributed algorithms are modified to handle the non-convex nature of the optimization problem and to improve the solution quality. The results of large-scale test instances show that DRSBK can outperform the other distributed approaches, by providing the closest-to-optimum solution while requiring the lowest computation time.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Railway EngineeringTeam Bart De Schutte
TibbOnto: Knowledge Representation of Prophet Medicine (Tibb Al-Nabawi)
No full textAbstractThe Quran and Hadith are the two fundamental sources of Islamic legislation. Hadith are narrations passed from Prophet companions regarding the words and deeds of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). Hadith books contain topics related to all aspects of Muslim life. In this paper, we build a domain-specific ontology (Tibb Al-Nabawi ontology) to present the Prophet's medicine in a semantic ontological representation. Our source of knowledge is based on an authentic Tibb Al-Nabawi Hadith. We have identified the main classes and the relationship among them. The proposed ontology can be extended in the future to automatically generate treatments for specific diseases according to the Prophet's actions
The detection of porosity on designed references samples with various porosity levels produced by 3D printing to investigate the accuracy of computed tomography (CT) scans (XTH225ST)
No full textNon-destructive testing (NDT) is a technique used to analyse the internal and external features of a part without causing any damage to it. There are wide varieties of NDT methods being practiced in the different engineering fields and for this project, we will be investigating mainly on Computed Tomography (CT) scanning and the experiment of Archimedes’ Principle. In contrast to other NDT scanning methods, CT scan is capable of scanning and reconstructing the scanned image into a full 3D image with all the internal and external features of the part. Hence, it helps to reveal any defects or porosities that maybe present in it. For this project, the author will be investigating on the accuracy of a CT scan machine; Nikon XTH225ST. A comparison will be made based on the results obtained between Archimedes’ Principle and CT scan and the author is interested to find out what is the deviation of the CT Scanning machine capabilities as compared to the theoretical results. Therefore, for this project, 3D printed specimens with different percentages and sizes of designed porosities will be used for analysis. Each specimen with different porosities will be analysed and a comparison between theoretical data from the CAD model and the results obtained through CT scanning will be made.Bachelor of Engineering (Mechanical Engineering
Coldplay Concert Rejection in Indonesia An Analysis of Islamic Identity Mobilization
Full text linkIslam is not only a religion but also an identity for its believers. The fact that Islam is an identity made it subject to ongoing reinterpretation and reconstruction based on the context by certain actors. Therefore, through this article, the author aims to examine the mobilization of Islamic identity within the context of the Coldplay concert rejection by The 212 Alumni Brotherhood (PA) and other Islamist groups with aligned ideologies. This qualitative study, based on library research from journals, books, and media reports, applies historical and political approaches to analyze Islamic identity mobilization in Indonesia, focusing on data surrounding the Coldplay concert rejection within recent political contexts. The author finds that the rejection phenomenon is the result of the contestation of Islamic identity that has been contested in Indonesia and the strengthening of political Islam identity. Indications of strengthening this identity can be seen from the rise of identity politics in the general elections in recent years. And finally, the author concludes that the rejection of the Coldplay concert is an effort to mobilize Islamic identity as the majority in Indonesia, which in turn has contributed to causing discriminatory actions against minority communities.AbstrakIslam bukan hanya agama, tetapi juga identitas bagi para pemeluknya. Fakta bahwa Islam adalah identitas menjadikannya terus mengalami reinterpretasi dan rekonstruksi berdasarkan konteks tertentu oleh para aktor tertentu. Oleh karena itu, melalui artikel ini, penulis bertujuan untuk mengkaji mobilisasi identitas Islam dalam konteks penolakan konser Coldplay oleh Persaudaraan Alumni 212 (PA) dan kelompok Islamis lain yang memiliki ideologi sejalan. Penelitian kualitatif ini, berdasarkan studi pustaka dari jurnal, buku, dan laporan media, menerapkan pendekatan historis dan politis untuk menganalisis mobilisasi identitas Islam di Indonesia, dengan fokus pada data terkait penolakan konser Coldplay dalam konteks politik terkini. Penulis menemukan bahwa fenomena penolakan ini merupakan hasil kontestasi identitas Islam yang terus diperebutkan di Indonesia serta penguatan identitas politik Islam. Indikasi penguatan identitas ini terlihat dari meningkatnya politik identitas dalam pemilu beberapa tahun terakhir. Akhirnya, penulis menyimpulkan bahwa penolakan konser Coldplay adalah upaya mobilisasi identitas Islam sebagai mayoritas di Indonesia, yang pada gilirannya turut berkontribusi terhadap tindakan diskriminatif terhadap kelompok minoritas
To the Question of the Use of the Ethnic Term“Tatars” in Arab Historical Literature »
Full text linkReconstruction of the ethnogenesis of the peoples inhabited the Golden Horde is one of the issues being studied intensively in modern historical scholarship. Medieval Arab sources play an important role in studying the history of the peoples of the Golden Horde. Study of contemporary Arab authors’ historical researches where medieval Arab chronicles are analyzed in greater detail, is necessary to understand their importance.
Objective: study of the Arab historical literature regarding the issue of the use of the ethnic term “Tatars”.
Some contemporary Arab historical researches are used as materials for this research. For example, Muhammad Sahil Takkush calls the Golden Horde – “Magul-Kypchak”, and Iran – “Magul-Faris” in his book “History of the Mamluks in Egypt and Syria”. Qasim Abdel Qasim, the author of the book “Era of the Mamluk Sultans”, calls the Golden Horde “bilad al-kypchak”. In his work “The Mamluks”, Shaydiyaz al-Garini calls Berke the “khan of the Golden Horde tribe” and the Golden Horde inhabitants – “at-tatar al-kypchak”, i.e. the “Kypchak Tatars”. Of particular interest is the book of Egyptian historian Muhammad Abdelgani al-Ashqar “Salar – the Tatar Muslim Emir (Naib of the Mamluk Sultan in Egypt, 1260–1310)”. It describes the reign of Sultan al-Malik an-Nasir Muhammad who was in close friendly relations with the Golden Horde khan Uzbek. It is known that the Golden Horde Muslims prayed for Sultan al-Malik al-Nasir mentioning his name after khan Uzbek. Long-term friendship between the Golden Horde and Egypt eventually led to the conclusion of a dynastic marriage between Egyptian Sultan an-Nasir and the Golden Horde princess Tulunbay.
As a result, the study of the use of the ethnic term “Tatars” in Arab historical literature remains relevant and requires a review of some of the preconceived ideas about the ethnic history of the Tatar people in the Arab world in favor of the in-depth study of this problem
Perhitungan Waktu dan Biaya Pelaksanaan Pembangunan Swiss-belhotel Solo dengan Modifikasi Sistem Precast Half Slab
Full text linkProyek Pembangunan Swiss-Belhotel Solo berlokasi di Jl. Ahmad Yani, Solo. Terdiri atas 20 lantai, dan 3 basement. Pada tugas akhir ini, penulis membahas tentang cara perhitungan waktu dan biaya Pelaksanaan, Pembangunan Swiss-belhotel Solo dengan memodifikasi struktur pelat yang semula cast in situ menjadi precast half slab.
Perhitungan waktu dan biaya pelaksanaan dilakukan dengan cara menyusun tiap item pekerjaan, menghitung volume tiap pekerjaan, menghitung produktivitas alat berat dan pekerja, menghitung durasi pekerjaan, serta menyusun network planning. Penyusunan network planning menggunakan metode Presedence Diagram Method (PDM) dengan menggunakan program Microsoft Project. Dari perhitungan tersebut dapat disusun Rencana Anggaran Pelaksanaan dan dapat dihitung bobot setiap pekerjaan, kemudian hasil akhir perhitungan berupa Rekapitulasi Biaya dan Waktu Pelaksanaan serta Kurva-S.
Dari perhitungan biaya dan waktu yang telah dilakukan, diperoleh durasi pekerjaan selama 607 hari kerja dan biaya pelaksanaan senilai Rp. 41.953.489.902,-.
Kata kunci : rencana anggaran pelaksanaan, manajemen konstruksi, teknologi konstruksi, Precast Half Slab
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Swiss-Belhotel Solo Project is located on Jl. Ahmad Yani, Solo. Consists of 20 floors and 3 basements. In this final project, the author discusses how to calculate about time and cost of the construction of Swiss-belhotel Solo by modifying the slab structure that was originally cast in situ into a precast half slab.
The calculation of time and implementation costs is carried out by compiling each work item, calculating the volume of each work, calculating the productivity of heavy equipment and workers, calculating the duration of work, and compiling network planning. The preparation of network planning uses the Presedence Diagram Method (PDM) using the Microsoft Project program. From these calculations an Implementation Budget Plan can be compiled and the weight of each work can be calculated, then the final calculation results are Recapitulation of Costs and Implementation Time and the S-Curve.
From the calculation of costs and time that have been done, the duration of work is obtained for 607 working days and the implementation cost is Rp. 41.953.489.902,-
Keywords : implementation budget plan, construction management, construction technology, precast half sla
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