29 research outputs found
Appraisal of Quality Education and Aspect of Teacher in Character Building of Student
Get PDFIn this research paper, we had tried to develop a new imperative plan to recuperate the quality of education in 21th Centurial, which can provide a better result for the prosperity of a country, district, asylum, as well as for the teacher & students. New Strategy/expedients ensure to play a pivotal lead in the development of a country if those planning are in the good hand. By using quantitative technique, we had collected data from different Tehsil of district M. Garh, to weigh the quality of education standard in boys and girls higher secondary schools. For this purpose questionnaire was made to assemble the primary information through a simple random sampling mechanism. Questionnaire was consisted of five parts, First one is Administrative service their (p-value=0.0013, ρ2=0. 9727), Second one is a Library service their (p-value=0.00323, ρ2=0. 99734), Third one is Curriculum structure (p-value=0.0001, ρ2=0. 99936), Fourth one is Location (p-value=0.0021, ρ2 =0. 99444), Fifth one is Infrastructure (p-value=0.00341, ρ2 =0. 21572) values are respectively. Keywords: Institutions, Quantitative technique, Information, Strateg
Impact of Teacher Absenteeism on Student Achievement: A Case of South Punjab District Muzaffargarh, Pakistan
Get PDFIn a recent few decades years, there has been a substantial attempt by emergent countries to put their children in the school. Basic education and educational achievement are apparent as one of the major vehicles for spurring economic development and improving the living standard of the under developing countries. Therefore, the educational accomplishment in the under developing countries is at a standstill, because of certain factors of which absenteeism in school is also contribute. An exploratory research was conducted in district Muzaffargarh to explore the factor behind the absenteeism, their effect on the student’s performance. For this purpose we had collected data through simple questionnaire method of 200 teachers, where government and private school teachers were equally distributed, in a descriptive statistics by using SPPS (21) statistical package, we had to find out their monthly income status, leaving chart, causes of absenteeism school-related problem, and personal problem as well. It was found out that most of the government school teacher avail more leave then the private school teacher, weather problem, transport problem, emergency work at home, are the main reason for teacher absenteeism. Government teacher as compare the private teacher feel more secure job, and working environment at school. Keywords: Emergent, absenteeism, student, significan
Effect of quenching baths on microstructure and hardness of AISI1035 steel
No full textIn this study, influence of quenching baths on microstructure and hardness of AISI 1035 steel has been investigated. Two categories of quenching baths including water and oil based baths were selected. Water based baths include tape water, distilled water, brine solution, saline water and sodium hydroxide solution while oil based quenching baths include fish oil, coconut oil, olive oil, used engine oil and quench 310 oil. Microstructure and vicker hardness were characterized by optical microscopy and micro vicker hardness tester. Results showed that water based quenching baths exhibit higher hardness values due to formation of larger fractions of martensite with small fractions of retained austenite, whereas oil based baths produced moderate hardness values due to formation of bainite, pearlite with retained austenite structures.Keywords: Quenching; Martensite; Retained Austenit
Microstructural, mechanical and tribological investigation of 30CrMnSiNi2A ultra-high strength steel under various tempering temperatures
No full textDevelopment of an Al-Zn-Bi alloy sacrificial anode for the protection of steel in artificial Seawater: An electrochemical analysis
No full textThe Al-Zn sacrificial anodes are widely used for cathodic protection in marine steel structures. This study evaluates the impact of bismuth addition on the electrochemical properties of the Al-Zn sacrificial anode in artificial seawater. The microstructure analysis confirms the presence of uniformly distributed intermetallic β-AlFeSi and spherical Bi particles within the α-Al matrix. The open circuit potential (OCP) comparison between Al-Zn-Bi and carbon steel reveals a potential difference of approximately 400 mV, indicating sufficient cathodic protection for the steel. Electrochemical impedance measurements indicate the initial hindered dissolution of the anode due to surface film formation, which later dissociates due to the aggressive attack of Cl– species in the electrolyte. The sufficiently negative surface potential (-0.875 V vs. Ag/AgCl) observed at 10 mA/cm² demonstrates the suitability of anode for fulfilling the cathodic protection criteria of steel structures
The Synergy of Entrepreneurial Leadership and Team Diversity: Pathways to Entrepreneurial Success in Pakistan’s SMEs
No full textSmall and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play a crucial role in fostering
economic growth and sustainability, requiring a deliberate emphasis on innovation and
applying knowledge to navigate ever-changing markets. This study, grounded in resourcebased view (RBV) theory, explores the synergy of entrepreneurial leadership and team
diversity, exploring pathways to entrepreneurial success in Pakistan’s SMEs. This study
employed a cross-sectional design, utilizing a non-probability convenience sampling approach to survey 350 owners, supervisors, managers, and employees of SMEs in Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Data were gathered through a survey questionnaire and subsequently analyzed using SPSS and SMART-PLS to validate the measurement model and
examine the hypotheses for moderated analysis. The results indicated a significant moderating influence. Entrepreneurial leadership accounted for 15.8% of the variation in
entrepreneurial success, while team diversity contributed 8.5%. Moreover, the moderating
influence of team diversity substantially affected ES (59.7%), underscoring the pivotal role
of team diversity in the interplay between EL and ES. Drawing from RBV theory, this study
advances the framework by acknowledging that team diversity is a crucial element that
strengthens the connections between EL and ES. This study enhances the existing literature
by clarifying the mechanisms by which leadership and diversity collaboratively promote
entrepreneurial outcomes. This highlights the necessity for SME leaders and policymakers
to utilize team diversity as a strategic asset to improve competitive advantage and ensure
sustainable success
Effect of temperature control on tribological and corrosion properties of copper in cathodic cage plasma nitriding
No full textCathodic cage plasma nitriding (CCPN) is a proficient and cost-effective technique for surface modification of metallic samples that has been in use for the last two decades. The effectiveness of CCPN depends upon different controlled parameters. The main objective of the current study was to investigate the effect of temperature on CCPN performance. Copper (Cu) samples were nitrided at various temperatures (100–400 °C) for a fixed time of 4 h. The treated samples were investigated using a micro-hardness tester, x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, ball-on-disc wear tester, and potentiodynamic polarization. An improvement in hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance has been reported with an increase in temperature. The treated samples possessed aluminum nitride (AlN), copper(I) nitride (Cu3N), copper(I) azide (CuN3), copper(II) azide (CuN6), and AlCu4 phases with intensity increasing with temperature. The current study clarified the reactivity of the CCPN system on treated samples in a broad manner. Untreated samples have shown abrasive wear at low temperatures, whereas adhesive wear is the predominant mechanism at high temperatures. At high temperatures, a low friction coefficient has been achieved due to smoother surfaces. Nitrided samples have shown an overall increased corrosion resistance with an increase in temperature
Prevalence of covid-19 among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and tuberculosis
No full textAbstractBackground The exhaustive information about non-communicable diseases associated with COVID-19 and severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) are getting easier to find in the literature. However, there is a lack of knowledge regarding tuberculosis (TB) and chronic obstructed pulmonary disease (COPD), with numerous infections in COVID-19 patients.Objectives Priority is placed on determining the patient’s prognosis based on the presence or absence of TB and COPD. Additionally, a comparison is made between the risk of death and the likelihood of recovery in terms of time in COVID-19 patients who have either COPD or TB.Methodology At the DHQ Hospital in Muzaffargarh, Punjab, Pakistan, 498 COVID-19 patients with TB and COPD were studied retrospectively. The duration of study started in February 2022 and concluded in August 2022. The Kaplan–Meier curves described time-to-death and time-to-recovery stratified by TB and COPD status. The Wilcoxon test compared the survival rates of people with TB and COPD in two matched paired groups and their status differences with their standard of living.Results The risk of death in COVID-19 patients with TB was 1.476 times higher than in those without (95% CI: 0.949–2.295). The recovery risk in COVID-19 patients with TB was 0.677 times lower than in those without (95% CI: 0.436–1.054). Similarly, patients with TB had a significantly shorter time to death (p=.001) and longer time to recovery (p=.001).Conclusions According to the findings, the most significant contributor to an increased risk of morbidity and mortality in TB and COPD patients was the COVID-19.KEY MESSAGESSARS-Cov-19 is a new challenge for the universe in terms of prevention and treatment for people with tuberculosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, among other diseases.Propensity score matching to control for potential biases.Compared to hospitalized patients with and without (TB and COPD) had an equivalently higher mortality rate
Assessing socio-ecological factors on caesarean section and vaginal delivery: an extended perspective among women of South-Punjab, Pakistan
No full textResearch was conducted employing the extended socio-ecological model (ESEM) to examine factors associated with cesarean sections (CSs) and vaginal deliveries (VDs) among the women in our study population. Using the ESEM to determine South-Punjab and Pakistani women’s mode of delivery predictors. The cross-sectional study with a sample size of 908 patients was conducted through private and public obstetrics and gynecology departments in South Punjab, Pakistan, from 12 June 2022 to 29 May 2023. The Chi-square analysis compared baseline variables, delivery outcomes and delivery methods. Logistic regression analysis is used to determine predictive factors. The study revealed that 75.66% of women had CS, while 24.34% had VD. Education level, age, residential area and fetal presentation all had significant associations with mode of delivery. Logistic regression analysis suggested that gynecologist recommendation, belief in CS safety, abnormal fetal presentation, maternal anemia and meconium aspiration syndrome were all significant predictors of CS. The ESEM model concluded that age, fatigue and women’s preference for CS due to its reliability for her and her fetus were predictive factors for mode of delivery choices among South-Punjab Pakistani women
The Complex Relationship Between Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease With Cardiovascular Disease and Their Interactions With COVID‐19 Vaccination: A Retrospective Study
No full textABSTRACT Background Previously, most researchers explored the association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study investigates the distinct influence of COVID‐19 vaccination status on patients with both conditions. Objective We investigate the relationship between COPD and CVD in a cohort of 838 individuals who presented with both conditions. Our aim is to understand how these conditions interact and how COVID‐19 vaccination status affects patient outcomes. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 838 patients with COPD and CVD treated at DHQ Hospital in Muzaffargarh, Punjab, Pakistan, from November 2022 to April 2023. We employed multiple logistic regression and the Wilcoxon signed‐rank test to assess the odds ratio and relative risk of COPD in patients with‐CVD under various conditions. Additionally, we analyzed time‐to‐death and survival using Kaplan–Meier methods. Results Findings reveal a 7.95 times higher risk of death in patients without COVID‐19 vaccination compared with those who were vaccinated (95% CI, 6.12–10.33). Conversely, COVID‐19‐vaccinated patients exhibited a 0.221 times lower risk of recovery than their nonvaccinated counterparts (95% CI, 0.08–0.60). We also observed significant differences in time‐to‐death and recovery based on the presence of COPD and CVD, with vaccinated patients generally experiencing milder disease. Conclusion Our study assessed the impact of COVID‐19 vaccination status on patient outcomes in patients with overlapping COPD and CVD. Individuals diagnosed with COPD and CVD display significant differences in terms of their probability of survival, with those who have received vaccinations
