641 research outputs found
Figure 3 from: Pannell CM, Schnitzler J, Muellner-Riehl AN (2020) Two new species and a new species record of Aglaia (Meliaceae) from Indonesia. PhytoKeys 155: 33-51. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.155.53833
No full textFigure 3 Aglaia mackianaA leaf with attachment to twig B apex of shoot C detail of upper leaflet surface D detail of lower leaflet surface E immature inflorescence F flower buds G peltate scales H transverse section of immature fruit with three seeds I seed, with large hilum and intact aril (Drawn by Rosemary Wise, edited by Alexandra Muellner-Riehl)
Figure 1 from: Pannell CM, Schnitzler J, Muellner-Riehl AN (2020) Two new species and a new species record of Aglaia (Meliaceae) from Indonesia. PhytoKeys 155: 33-51. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.155.53833
No full textFigure 1 Aglaia monocaula Pannell A habit B detail of lower surface of the leaflet C apical shoot subtending infructescence in a leaf axil D part of the infructescence with fruits cut transversely to show the three seeds and longitudinally to show the junction between the two peltate cotyledons typical of the genus Aglaia (Drawn by Rosemary Wise, edited by Alexandra Muellner-Riehl)
Fig. 3. Leaf similarities. A. C. argentii Olivar, H.J in Cyrtandra argentii, a new species of Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae) from the Philippines, and a review of the C. villosissima group
No full textFig. 3. Leaf similarities. A. C. argentii Olivar, H.J.Atkins & Muellner sp. nov. B. C. ferruginea Merr. C. C. hirtigera H.J.Atkins & Cronk. D. C. villosissima Merr. Photos taken from Co's Digital Flora with permission (Pelser et al. 2011 onwards).Published as part of Olivar, Jay Edneil C., Atkins, Hannah J., Hauenschild, Frank & Muellner-Riehl, Alexandra N., 2020, Cyrtandra argentii, a new species of Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae) from the Philippines, and a review of the C. villosissima group, pp. 1-15 in European Journal of Taxonomy 676 on page 8, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.676, http://zenodo.org/record/392837
Cyrtandra J. R. Forst. & G. Forst. (Forster & Forster 1775
No full textGenus Cyrtandra J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. (Forster & Forster 1775) Key to the studied species 1. Mature leaves anisophyllous (i.e., smaller leaves less than half the length of the larger leaves in a pair)..................................................................................................................... C. ferruginea Merr. – Mature leaves subequal..................................................................................................................... 2 2. Indumentum white; inflorescences pendulous and pedunculate.................................................................................................................................... C. argentii Olivar, H.J. Atkins & Muellner sp. nov. – Indumentum ferruginous; inflorescences erect and subsessile......................................................... 3 3. Calyx divided almost to the base; corolla red.................................................... C. villosissima Merr. – Calyx fused for half or more of its length; corolla yellowish green or dull reddish orange........................................................................................................................ C. hirtigera H.J.Atkins & CronkPublished as part of Olivar, Jay Edneil C., Atkins, Hannah J., Hauenschild, Frank & Muellner-Riehl, Alexandra N., 2020, Cyrtandra argentii, a new species of Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae) from the Philippines, and a review of the C. villosissima group, pp. 1-15 in European Journal of Taxonomy 676 on page 4, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.676, http://zenodo.org/record/392837
Challenging Structure Elucidation of Lumnitzeralactone, an Ellagic Acid Derivative from the Mangrove <i>Lumnitzera racemosa</i>
No full textThe previously undescribed natural product lumnitzeralactone (1), which represents a derivative of ellagic acid, was isolated from the anti-bacterial extract of the Indonesian mangrove species Lumnitzera racemosa Willd. The structure of lumnitzeralactone (1), a proton-deficient and highly challenging condensed aromatic ring system, was unambiguously elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses involving high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), 1D 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), and 2D NMR (including 1,1-ADEQUATE and 1,n-ADEQUATE). Determination of the structure was supported by computer-assisted structure elucidation (CASE system applying ACD-SE), density functional theory (DFT) calculations, and a two-step chemical synthesis. Possible biosynthetic pathways involving mangrove-associated fungi have been suggested
<I>Cyrtandra argentii</I>, a new species of <I>Cyrtandra</I> (Gesneriaceae) from the Philippines, and a review of the <I>C. villosissima</I> group
No full textCyrtandra argentii Olivar, H.J.Atkins & Muellner sp. nov., endemic to the Philippines and named after George Argent, is herein described and illustrated. Collections associated with this new species are often confused with three other species, namely C. ferruginea Merr., C. villosissima Merr., and C. hirtigera H.J.Atkins & Cronk. Distinguishing characters including keys, updated descriptions, distribution maps, and photos of live specimens are provided to aid identification of the four species. Following the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) criteria, C. argentii sp. nov. is considered to be Near Threatened (NT) due to its distribution in a zone susceptible to anthropogenic pressure and the lack of any formal protection
Cyrtandra villosissima Merr. (Merrill 1906
No full textCyrtandra villosissima Merr. (Merrill 1906) Figs 1, 3D, 4D Material examined Type PHILIPPINES • Mindanao, Camp Keithley, Lake Lanao; Jan. 1906; Mrs Clemens 51 (holotype: AAH!; isotypes: F!, US!). Additional material PHILIPPINES • Mt Malindang, Misamis Occidental; 16 Mar. 2004; Opiso et al. 2088 (L.3794253) • ibid.; May 1993; Gaerlan et al. 10925 (K000184579, L.3794112) • Mt Hibok-Hibok, Camiguin; 1999; RBGE & PNH 48 (E00743749) • Lake Balunsasayao, Negros Oriental; 11 Sep. 1953; Britton 357 (L.2826671) • Cuernos Mountains, Negros Oriental; 13 May 1948; Edaño 7393 (AAH00092001) • ibid.; Mar. 1908; Elmer 9511 (L.2826672, US00081486) • Mahilucot River, Bukidnon; Jul. 1920; Ramos & Edaño 38649 (L.2826670, US00081488) • Mt Daho, Jolo; Sep. 1924; Ramos & Edaño 43913 (P03899658). Description An erect suffrutescent plant up to 7m in height. Stems terete or slightly grooved,with ferruginous woolly hairs throughout. Leaves opposite, subequal; petioles 3–5 cm long, densely hirsute; blades 11–20× 3.5–8 cm, oblong-ovate to ovate-lanceolate, slightly falcate, apex acuminate, base acute or acuminate, pronouncedly asymmetrical, not decurrent, margins denticulate, 12–14 pairs of lateral veins, curving and uniting at the margins, densely hirsute on both sides. Inflorescences cymous, axillary, erect, subsessile, with 4–many flowers; peduncle 4–5 mm, densely hirsute; bracts green, ca 1 cm, linear, densely hirsute on both surfaces, persistent; bracteoles up to 5 mm long, densely hirsute on both surfaces; pedicels ca 5 mm long, densely hirsute. Calyx tubular, pale green, lobes linear ca 1.5 cm × 1 mm, densely hirsute. Corolla red, ca 18 mm long, funnel-shaped, lobes orbicular-ovate ca 4 mm long, densely hirsute. Stamens 2; filaments ca 2 mm long; anthers ca 2.5 mm long, thecae parallel, coherent at apices. Gynoecium ca 20 mm long overall, densely hirsute; disc cupular, glabrous; style densely hirsute. Fruits oblong, green, densely hirsute, ca 1 cm × 4.5 mm; calyx and style persistent. Distribution and habitat Cyrtandra villosissima is distributed throughout the island of Mindanao and extends to the island of Negros in the Visayas and is usually found in well-shaded areas near ravines. Notes Cyrtandra villosissima is vegetatively similar to C. hirtigera. It is distinguishable by its red corolla and green calyces with distinctly linear lobes. Based on available distribution data, C. hirtigera appears to be restricted to the island of Palawan while C. villosissima can be found from Negros Island to the island of Mindanao.Published as part of Olivar, Jay Edneil C., Atkins, Hannah J., Hauenschild, Frank & Muellner-Riehl, Alexandra N., 2020, Cyrtandra argentii, a new species of Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae) from the Philippines, and a review of the C. villosissima group, pp. 1-15 in European Journal of Taxonomy 676 on page 11, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.676, http://zenodo.org/record/392837
Supplementary material 1 from: Pannell CM, Schnitzler J, Muellner-Riehl AN (2020) Two new species and a new species record of Aglaia (Meliaceae) from Indonesia. PhytoKeys 155: 33-51. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.155.53833
No full textTable S1. Voucher information, origin, and GenBank accession numbers for all species included in this stud
Mountains as Evolutionary Arenas: Patterns, Emerging Approaches, Paradigm Shifts, and Their Implications for Plant Phylogeographic Research in the Tibeto-Himalayan Region
No full textRecently, the “mountain-geobiodiversity hypothesis” (MGH) was proposed as a key concept for explaining the high levels of biodiversity found in mountain systems of the Tibeto-Himalayan region (THR), which comprises the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, the Himalayas, and the biodiversity hotspot known as the “Mountains of Southwest China” (Hengduan Mountains region). In addition to the MGH, which covers the entire life span of a mountain system, a complementary concept, the so-called “flickering connectivity system” (FCS), was recently proposed for the period of the Quaternary. The FCS focuses on connectivity dynamics in alpine ecosystems caused by the drastic climatic changes during the past ca. 2.6 million years, emphasizing that range fragmentation and allopatric speciation are not the sole factors for accelerated evolution of species richness and endemism in mountains. I here provide a review of the current state of knowledge concerning geological uplift, Quaternary glaciation, and the main phylogeographic patterns (“contraction/recolonization,” “platform refugia/local expansion,” and “microrefugia”) of seed plant species in the THR. In addition, I make specific suggestions as to which factors future avenues of phylogeographic research should take into account based on the fundamentals presented by the MGH and FCS, and associated complementary paradigm shifts
Cyrtandra ferruginea Merr. (Merrill 1915
No full textCyrtandra ferruginea Merr. (Merrill 1915) Figs 1, 3B, 4B Material examined Type PHILIPPINES • Luzon, Camarines, Mt Cauayan; 9 Dec. 1913; Phil. Pl. Ramos 1548 (syntypes: BM!, GH!, NY!, P!, US!). Additional material PHILIPPINES • Mt Isarog, Camarines Sur; Aug. 1915; Ramos 23554 (US00081328) • ibid.; 22 Mar. 1997; Mendum et al. 29182 (E00057041) • ibid.; 23 Mar. 1997; Argent et al. 20182 (L.3805694) • Mt Bulusan, Sorsogon; Dec. 1915; Elmer 16074 (L.2818244, US00081329, U.1341267, P03884333) • ibid.; 19 Jun. 1958; Sinclair 9624 (E00631523) • Mt Mayon, Albay; 15 Nov. 1991; Reynoso, Romero & Fuentes 3584 (E00316099) • Catanduanes; 11 Dec. 1917; Ramos 30288 (US00081330, P03884332) • Mt Malinao, Albay; 29 Oct. 1995; Reynoso, Sagcal & Fernando 21406 (L.3805666). Description An erect suffrutescent plant up to 1 m in height. Stems terete with ferruginous hairs all throughout. Leaves opposite, anisophyllous; petioles 4–7 cm long, densely hirsute; blades ca 20 × 12 cm, oblong to oblong-elliptic slightly falcate, apex acute or slightly acuminate, base acute or rounded, pronouncedly asymmetrical, not decurrent, margins denticulate, 10 pairs of lateral veins, curving and uniting at the margin, densely hirsute on both sides; blades of smaller leaves of a pair 6.5–9× 2–2.5 cm, resembling the major leaves in all other respects. Inflorescences cymose, axillary, erect, pedunculate, with 1–3 flowers; peduncle 2–3 cm long, densely hirsute; bracts green, ca 10 × 1 mm, linear lanceolate, densely hirsute on both surfaces, persistent. Calyx tubular, pale green, 20–30 mm long, upper lobes ca 3 mm long, lower lobes ca 7 mm long, acuminate, densely hirsute externally, with glandular hairs internally at base of lobes. Corolla white, 50–65 mm long, funnel-shaped, upper lobes rounded, ca 8× 9 mm, lower and lateral lobes rounded, ca 5× 6 mm, densely hirsute, with glandular hairs internally, lobes slightly recurved. Stamens 2; filaments ca 10 mm long, attached ca 18 mm from base of corolla, sparsely covered with glandular hairs; anthers ca 1.5 mm long, thecae parallel, coherent at apices; staminodes 3, lateral staminodes ca 4 mm long, central staminode ca 1 mm long. Gynoecium ca 25 mm long overall; disc cupular with undulate margin, ca 2 mm long, glabrous; ovary 8–9 mm long, with glandular hairs throughout; style ca 12 mm long, with glandular hairs throughout; stigma bilobed, ca 1 mm across. Fruits lanceolate, green, hirsute, verrucose, 30–40 × 6 mm; calyx persistent and entirely enclosing the fruit, style persistent. Distribution and habitat Cyrtandra ferruginea is found growing in damp forests at approximately 500–800 m a.s.l. and can be found on Catanduanes, Mt Isarog, Mt Mayon, Mt Malinao and Mt Bulusan (Fig. 1). Notes Cyrtandra ferruginea is morphologically most similar to C. argentii sp. nov., but can be separated by the following characters: ferruginous anisophyllous leaves, 1–3 flowered simple cymes, and hirsute corolla.Published as part of Olivar, Jay Edneil C., Atkins, Hannah J., Hauenschild, Frank & Muellner-Riehl, Alexandra N., 2020, Cyrtandra argentii, a new species of Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae) from the Philippines, and a review of the C. villosissima group, pp. 1-15 in European Journal of Taxonomy 676 on pages 7-9, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.676, http://zenodo.org/record/392837
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