333 research outputs found
Seven year follow-up imaging study comparing conventional radiography and ultrasound in rheumatoid arthritis finger joints
No full textFuture therapeutic options in Parkinson's disease
No full textFuture symptomatic treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) must aim to reduce the nonphysiologic pulsatile stimulation of striatal dopamine receptors, produced by most of the currently available dopaminergic drugs. Promising nondopaminergic compounds include NMDA and AMPA antagonists and drugs acting on 5-HT-2A, (alpha 2-adrenergic, and adenosine A2 receptors. A sustained benefit appears to evolve from the early use of MAOB inhibitors, dopaminagonists and perhaps levodopa itself. Novel insight into the pathogenesis of PD beyond mechanisms responsible for nigral dopaminergic cell death is required to develop disease modifying drugs
Medienethik Die Frage der Verantwortung
No full textDie Enquete-Kommission des Deutschen Bundestages 'Zukunft der Medien in Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft - Deutschlands Weg in die Informationsgesellschaft' fuehrte eine ausfuehrliche Debatte ueber die wirtschaftlichen und gesellschaftlichen Folgen der Informations- und Kommunikationstechniken in Gegenwart und Zukunft. Die Beitraege basieren auf einem breiten Ansatz von Medienethik, und behandeln u.a. auch die Frage nach den 'spezialen Kosten' rein wirtschaftlicher Konzepte von 'Informationsgesellschaft'. Mit aufgenommen sind auch Texte und Statements von Institutionen, die die Diskussion um medienethische Ziele, Forderungen und Moeglichkeiten vorantreiben. (RG) Inhaltsverzeichnis: 1. Einfuehrung: Ruediger Funiok, Udo F. Schmaelzle: Medienethik vor neuen Herausforderungen (15-31). 2. Systematische Zugaenge zur Medienethik: Wolfgang Wunden: Freiheitliche Medienmoral: Konzepte einer systematischen Medienethik (35-55); Walter Lesch: Oeffentlich und Privat: zur Schwierigkeit und medienethischen Bedeutung einer grundlegenden Unterscheidung (56-74); Klaus Mueller: Verdoppelte Realitaet - virtuelle Realitaet? Erkenntnistheoretische, sozialphilosophische und anthropologische Konsequenzen der 'Neuen Medien' (75-92). 3. Medienethik und Politik: Gerhard W. Wittkaemper: Steuert die Politik oder wird sie gesteuert? Politisches Handeln im Medienzeitalter (95-113); Siegmar Mosdorf: ethisch-kulturelle Herausforderungen der Informationsgesellschaft (114-127); Martin Mayer: Dialog ueber Werte dringender denn je (128-130); Christoph H. Werth: Zivilisationspolitik als Aufgabe: zum gesellschaftlichen Diskurs ueber Medienethik (131-160). 4. Zur Ethik von Medienunternehmen: Angsar Zerfass: Soziale Verantwortung in der Mediengesellschaft: Handlungsspielraeume und praktische Ansaetze einer ethisch aufgeklaerten Unternehmensfuehrung (163-182); Matthias Karmasin: Stakeholder-Orientierung als Kontext zur Ethik von Medienunternehmen (183-211). 5. Journalistische Ethik in der Informationsgesellschaft: Horst Poettker: Oeffentlichkeit als gesellschaftlicher Auftrag: zum Verhaeltnis von Berufsethos und universaler Moral im Journalismus (215- 232); Stephan Russ-Mohl: Medienjournalismus, Medien-PR und Medien-Ethik: lassen sich hohe Standards journalistischer Professionalitaet durch oeffentlichen Diskurs auch im Medienjournalismus durchsetzen? (233-256); Hermann Boventer: Anthropologie und Moral der Oeffentlichkeit: der Journalismus, seine Chancen und Gefaehrdungen in der Konjunktur von Multimedia und Internet (257-273); Bernhard Debatin: Ethik und Internet: zur normativen Problematik von Online-Kommunikation (274-293); Matthias Loretan: Ethik in Studium und Ausbildung: das zweisemestrige Curriculum fuer Studierende der Journalistik u. Kommunikationswissenschaft an der Universitaet Freiburg/ Schweiz. 6. Texte und Dokumente zur Diskussion: Christoph H. Werth: Berichte und Dokumente der Enquete-Kommission 'Zukunft der Medien' des Deutschen Bundestages (1995-1998) (311-314); Ruediger Funiok: Das Netzwerk Medienethik: Mitglieder, Zielsetzung, Arbeitsschwerpunkte (315-318); Ruediger Funiok: Muenchner Erklaerung Internet und Politik (319-320); Ruediger Funiok: 'Chancen und Risiken der Mediengesellschaft': gemeinsame Erklaerung der Deutschen Bischofskonferenz und des Rates der Evangelischen Kirche in Deutschland 1997 (321-325); Ruediger Funiok: Veroeffentlichungen der Europaeischen Kommission: Gruenbuch 'Leben und Arbeiten in der Informationsgesellschaft: Im Vordergrund der Mensch' 1996 (326-328). 7. Anhang: Ruediger Funiok: Zusammenfassung, Diskussionsvorschlaege und Gliederung der Beitraege (331-359)Available from UB Muenchen-0109-Q682 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman
A New Family of 1D Exchange Biased Heterometal Single-Molecule Magnets: Observation of Pronounced Quantum Tunneling Steps in the Hysteresis Loops of Quasi-Linear {Mn<sub>2</sub>Ni<sub>3</sub>} Clusters
No full textFirst members of a new family of heterometallic Mn/Ni complexes [Mn2Ni3X2L4(LH)(2)(H2O)(2)] (X = Cl: 1; X = Br: 2) with the new ligand 2-{3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl}ethanol (H2L) have been synthesized, and single crystals obtained from CH2Cl2 solutions have been characterized crystallographically. The molecular structures feature a quasilinear Mn-III-Ni-II-Ni-II-Ni-II-Mn-III core with six-coordinate metal ions, where elongated axes of all the distorted octahedral coordination polyhedra are aligned parallel and are fixed with respect to each other by intramolecular hydrogen bonds. 1 and 2 exhibit quite strong ferromagnetic exchange interactions throughout (J(Mn-Ni) approximate to 40 K (1) or 42 K (2); J(Ni-Ni) approximate to 22 K (1) or 18 K (2)) that lead to an S-tot = 7 ground state, and a sizable uniaxial magnetoanisotropy with D-mol values -0.55 K (1) and -0.45 K (2). These values are directly derived also from frequency- and temperature-dependent high-field EPR spectra. Slow relaxation of the magnetization at low temperatures and single-molecule magnet (SMM) behavior are evident from frequency-dependent peaks in the out-of-phase ac susceptibilities and magnetization versus dc field measurements, with significant energy barriers to spin reversal U-eff = 27 K (1) and 22 K (2). Pronounced quantum tunnelling steps are observed in the hysteresis loops of the temperature- and scan rate-dependent magnetization data, but with the first relaxation step shifted above (1) or below (2) the zero crossing of the magnetic field, despite the very similar molecular structures. The different behavior of 1 and 2 is interpreted in terms of antiferromagnetic (1) or ferromagnetic (2) intermolecular interactions, which are discussed in view of the subtle differences of intermolecular contacts within the crystal lattice.DFG [SFB 602, FOR 1154
Comparison of sagittal laser optical tomography with ultrasound and clinical examination for diagnosis of synovitis in proximal interphalangeal joints
No full textFrom inhaler to lung: clinical implications of the formulations of ciclesonide and other inhaled corticosteroids
No full textRuediger Nave, Helgert Mueller Nycomed: a Takeda Company, Nycomed GmbH, Konstanz, Germany Abstract: Asthma continues to be a global health problem and currently available treatments such as corticosteroids can cause unwanted side effects. Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are recommended as first-line therapy for reducing airway inflammation and have a distinct advantage over oral preparations as they provide a direct route of delivery to the lungs. However, local deposition of ICS in the oropharynx can lead to oral candidiasis, dysphonia, and pharyngitis. The pharmaceutical quality is a primary concern of any ICS asthma treatment, with a higher quality product resulting in improved efficacy and safety profiles. The particle size distribution and the spray force velocity of an ICS may directly influence lung deposition, and the spray duration of a device is another important factor when coordinating inhalation. Recent advances in ICS device and formulation technology have resulted in significant improvements in the efficacy of available asthma treatments. In particular, hydrofluoroalkane (HFA) solution technology and the development of smaller particle sizes have resulted in the production of new ICS formulations that have the ability to directly target drug delivery to the site of airway inflammation. Both the ICS formulation and the pressurized metered-dose inhaler device used to administer ciclesonide (CIC) HFA have been developed to treat the underlying chronic inflammation associated with asthma. CIC is administered as a prodrug which is activated in the lungs, leading to minimal oropharyngeal deposition. The small particle size of CIC results in the delivery of a high fraction of respirable particles to the small airways of the lungs, resulting in high lung deposition and continual dose consistency. This review summarizes how CIC administered as an HFA formulation is an effective treatment for asthma. Keywords: ciclesonide, asthma, small airways, lung depositio
Low-field magnetic resonance imaging for follow-up analysis of finger joint inflammation in patients with active RA receiving adalimumab (humira((R)))
No full textProspective long-term follow-up imaging study comparing magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound and radio raphy in rheumatoid arthritis finger joints
No full textRationale and design of the MONITOR-ICD study: A randomized comparison of economic and clinical effects of automatic remote MONITORing versus control in patients with Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators
No full textBackground and aims Implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) remote follow-up and ICD remote monitoring (RM) are established means of ICD follow-up. The reduction of the number of in-office visits and the time to decision is proven, but the true clinical benefit is still unknown. Cost and cost-effectiveness of RM remain leading issues for its dissemination. The MONITOR-ICD study has been designed to assess costs, cost-effectiveness, and clinical benefits of RM versus standard-care follow-up in a prospective multicenter randomized controlled trial. Methods and results Patients indicated for single-or dual-chamber ICD are eligible for the study and are implanted an RM-capable Biotronik ICD (Lumax VR-T or Lumax DR-T; Biotronik SE & Co KG, Berlin, Germany). Implantable cardioverter defibrillator programming and alert-based clinical responses in the RM group are highly standardized by protocol. As of December 2011, recruitment has been completed, and 416 patients have been enrolled. Subjects are followed-up for a minimum of 12 months and a maximum of 24 months, ending in January 2013. Disease-specific costs from a societal perspective have been defined as primary end point and will be compared between RM and standard-care groups. Secondary end points include ICD shocks (including appropriate and inappropriate shocks), cardiovascular hospitalizations and cardiovascular mortality, and additional health economic end points. Conclusions The MONITOR-ICD study will be an important randomized RM study to report data on a primary economic end point in 2014. Its results on ICD shocks will add to the currently available evidence on clinical benefit of RM.Biotronik SE GmbH & Co KG, Berlin, German
- …
