102 research outputs found
Application of artifical intelligence in navigation
No full textOvaj rad istražuje sveobuhvatnu primjenu umjetne inteligencije (UI) u području pomorske navigacije, s ciljem prikazivanja njezinog doprinosa sigurnosti, učinkovitosti i održivosti pomorskog prometa. Analizom ograničenja klasičnih navigacijskih sustava ističe se potreba za naprednim rješenjima koja prevladavaju tehničke i operativne izazove postojećih tehnologija. Rad se fokusira na potencijal UI u unaprijeđenju navigacijskih sustava, poput optimizacije pomorskih ruta, razvoja sustava za izbjegavanje sudara i uvođenja autonomnih brodova. Također, analiziraju se ekološke i ekonomske prednosti korištenja UI u pomorstvu, kao i izazovi integracije ovih tehnologija u postojeće sustave brodova i luka. Posebna pažnja posvećena je pravnim i etičkim pitanjima koja prate uvođenje UI, uključujući zaštitu podataka, transparentnost i odgovornost. Rad zaključuje da umjetna inteligencija predstavlja ključnu tehnologiju za budući razvoj pomorske industrije, uz potrebu za regulativnim okvirom, obrazovanjem i tehnološkom prilagodbom za njezinu širu primjenu.This paper explores the comprehensive application of artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of maritime navigation, aiming to demonstrate its contribution to the safety, efficiency, and sustainability of maritime transport. By analyzing the limitations of conventional navigation systems, it highlights the need for advanced solutions that overcome the technical and operational challenges of existing technologies. The paper focuses on the potential of AI in improving navigation systems, such as optimizing maritime routes, developing collision avoidance systems, and introducing autonomous ships. Additionally, it analyzes the environmental and economic benefits of using AI in maritime transport, as well as the challenges of integrating these technologies into existing ship and port systems. Special attention is given to the legal and ethical issues accompanying the adoption of AI, including data protection, transparency, and accountability. The paper concludes that artificial intelligence represents a key technology for the future development of the maritime industry, with the need for a regulatory framework, education, and technological adaptation for its broader implementation
Application of artifical intelligence in navigation
No full textOvaj rad istražuje sveobuhvatnu primjenu umjetne inteligencije (UI) u području pomorske navigacije, s ciljem prikazivanja njezinog doprinosa sigurnosti, učinkovitosti i održivosti pomorskog prometa. Analizom ograničenja klasičnih navigacijskih sustava ističe se potreba za naprednim rješenjima koja prevladavaju tehničke i operativne izazove postojećih tehnologija. Rad se fokusira na potencijal UI u unaprijeđenju navigacijskih sustava, poput optimizacije pomorskih ruta, razvoja sustava za izbjegavanje sudara i uvođenja autonomnih brodova. Također, analiziraju se ekološke i ekonomske prednosti korištenja UI u pomorstvu, kao i izazovi integracije ovih tehnologija u postojeće sustave brodova i luka. Posebna pažnja posvećena je pravnim i etičkim pitanjima koja prate uvođenje UI, uključujući zaštitu podataka, transparentnost i odgovornost. Rad zaključuje da umjetna inteligencija predstavlja ključnu tehnologiju za budući razvoj pomorske industrije, uz potrebu za regulativnim okvirom, obrazovanjem i tehnološkom prilagodbom za njezinu širu primjenu.This paper explores the comprehensive application of artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of maritime navigation, aiming to demonstrate its contribution to the safety, efficiency, and sustainability of maritime transport. By analyzing the limitations of conventional navigation systems, it highlights the need for advanced solutions that overcome the technical and operational challenges of existing technologies. The paper focuses on the potential of AI in improving navigation systems, such as optimizing maritime routes, developing collision avoidance systems, and introducing autonomous ships. Additionally, it analyzes the environmental and economic benefits of using AI in maritime transport, as well as the challenges of integrating these technologies into existing ship and port systems. Special attention is given to the legal and ethical issues accompanying the adoption of AI, including data protection, transparency, and accountability. The paper concludes that artificial intelligence represents a key technology for the future development of the maritime industry, with the need for a regulatory framework, education, and technological adaptation for its broader implementation
Novum u hrvatskoj etnomuzikologiji
No full textDr. Frane Šago, from his philosophical perspective, is of opinion that dr.
Nikola Buble\u27s book "Music as a part of life" by its communicational, and
meditational, then for scientifical and artistic behavior and sublimative
element has shown and prooved, without a doubt, that all the relevant etno
- musical terms and life itself as a derivated performance from music are
clearly given and are extremely reasonable. That is to say, the author gave to
us, as affirms dr. Šago, the alloy, systematic sequence of the musical mobile
articulation in a manifold high tide that characterizes a strange poetic existence
and variety of terms and analogies and segmentation. This extraordinary
special study, the book, manifests inself as a great ethno - musical element of
the real World as an universal panorama of Time in which professor Buble
became one of the most successful if not the most successful interpreter and
creator
Resolving the Conflict Between Private and Public Interest – What Does the New Expropriations and Determination of Compensation Act Bring?
No full textMinistarstvo pravosuđa objavilo je na svojim mrežnim stranicama Nacrt Zakona o izvlaštenju i određivanju naknade, kojim se namjerava drastično izmijeniti opće uređenje izvlaštenja u Republici Hrvatskoj. Autor će u radu analizirati navedeni Nacrt i pokazati da je sustav općeg uređenja izvlaštenja u Republici Hrvatskoj koji je u njemu predložen u suprotnosti s Ustavom Republike Hrvatske. Autor će posebno analizirati odredbe Nacrta Zakona o izvlaštenju i određivanju naknade koje smatra spornima, a posebno i neke koje pozdravlja. Pokazat će da je predloženo uređenje ishitreno i nedovoljno pripremljeno. Autor smatra da predloženo uređenje preferira korisnika izvlaštenja, a da nedovoljno štiti prava vlasnika nekretnine. Osim toga, autor upozorava na niz procesnopravnih problema koji bi se pokazali u praksi kada bi Sabor prihvatio Nacrt Zakona o izvlaštenju i određivanju naknade.The Ministry of Justice has published the Draft Expropriations and Determination of the Compensation Act on its website. The intention of this Act is to drastically amend the general regulation of expropriation in the Republic of Croatia. In this paper, the author analyses the Draft Act and shows that the general regulation of expropriation in the Republic of Croatia which is proposed therein is contrary to the Constitution of the Republic of Croatia. The author also analyses the provisions of the Draft Expropriations and Determination of Compensation Act which he considers to be controversial, and also in particular some that he welcomes. He points out that the proposed regulation has been rushed and is insufficiently well prepared. The author considers that the proposed regulation favours the expropriation beneficiary and insufficiently protects the rights of the owner of the real estate. In addition, the author raises concern about a range of procedural law problems that could arise in practice if the Parliament adopts the Draft Expropriation and Determination of Compensation Act
GENERAL REGULATION OF EXPROPRIATION IN GERMANY – LESSONS FOR CROATIA
No full textIzvlaštenje je institut kod kojega dolazi do zadiranja u pravo vlasništva, pri čemu se moraju osigurati sva procesna jamstva kako bi prava vlasnika nekretnine koja se izvlašćuje bila osigurana. Autor će u radu analizirati njemački sustav izvlaštenja za kojega smatra kako je najkompatibilniji s hrvatskim i iz kojega se mogu izvući određene pouke pomoću kojih bi naše zakonodavno uređenje ovog instituta moglo biti kvalitetnije. Koristeći njemačko zakonodavstvo kao predložak, autor će predložiti određene izmjene i dopune Zakona o izvlaštenju i određivanju naknade.Expropriation is an institute which facilitates deprivation of property, whereby all procedural guarantees must be provided in order to ensure the property owner’s rights. The author analyzes the German expropriation system, which is considered the most compatible with the Croatian system and from which certain lessons could be construed to improve the Croatian legislation regarding the institute of expropriation. Based on the template of the German legislature, the author suggests certain amendments to the Expropriation and Determining of Compensation Act
Some Public Law Restrictions of Ownership in the Kingdom of Croatia and Slavonia in the Period 1852 – 1918
No full textIako je vlasništvo načelno nepovredivo i neograničeno, još od najranijih vremena prisutni su razni oblici njegova ograničavanja. Autor će u radu analizirati odredbe austrijskog Općeg građanskog zakonika koje dopuštaju ograničavanje prava vlasništva, kao i niz zakona koji su svoj temelj našli u njegovim odredbama. U radu će se analizirati izvlaštenje kao najteži oblik zadiranja u pravo vlasništva,
a čije je uređenje u ovom razdoblju bilo iznimno heterogeno. Zatim će se analizirati institut koji inače ne karakterizira prisilnost, ali koji se može, kada je to od javnog interesa, provoditi i prisilno – komasaciju. U trećem dijelu rada autor će analizirati razne legalne servitute koji su se pojavili u ovom razdoblju. Analiza javnopravnih ograničenja pokazat će da je, iako je načelno postojala ideja o nepovredivosti prava vlasništva, ono tijekom cijelog ovog razdoblja moglo biti ograničeno, pa i oduzeto, ako je to zahtijevao opći interes.The author analyzes some public law restrictions of ownership in the Kingdom of Croatia and Slavonia in the period from 1852 to 1918. According to the author the main basis for limiting the right of ownership in this period was article 365 of Austrian General Civil Code. This article provides for a possibility of limiting or taking away
ownership by giving appropriate compensation. On the basis of this provision many forms of restrictions of property developed. The author analyzes three types of public law restrictions of property: expropriation, land consolidation and legal servitudes. Regulation of expropriation was extremely heterogeneous. It was regulated by Austrian, Croatian-Hungarian and autonomous Croatian regulations. Land consolidation could be enforced not just voluntarily but also involuntarily if in the public interest. The third form of public law restriction of ownership was legal servitudes. There were many legal
servitudes during this period that restricted the right of ownership ex lege in various ways. The analysis of the public law restrictions of ownership suggests that, despite the principal idea of exclusivity of ownership, it could have been limited or taken away if the public interest so required
The Legal Status of Religious Communities in Croatian Law
No full textCilj je ovog rada analizirati razvoj položaja vjerskih zajednica u hrvatskom pravu tijekom vremena. Autor analizira pravni položaj vjerskih zajednica u Kraljevini Hrvatskoj, Slavoniji i Dalmaciji, Kraljevini Srba Hrvata i Slovenaca / Kraljevini Jugoslaviji, socijalističkoj Jugoslaviji i u Republici Hrvatskoj. U radu će se pokazati da je taj razvoj bio usporen, a u nekim razdobljima isprekidan. Posebna će se pozornost posvetiti pitanju (ne)ustavnosti ugovora koje je Republika Hrvatska sklopila sa Svetom Stolicom. Autor će pokazati da su ti ugovori u skladu s Ustavom, ali da postoje druga pitanja glede pravnog položaja drugih vjerskih zajednica o čijoj bi se ustavnosti moglo dvojiti. Autor će pokazati da danas u Republici Hrvatskoj postoji pet tipova vjerskih zajednica.The aim of this paper is to analyze the development of the legal status of religious communities in Croatian law over a very long period. The author will analyze the legal status of religious communities in the Kingdom of Croatia, Slavonia and Dalmatia, the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes / Kingdom of Yugoslavia, socialist Yugoslavia and in the Republic of Croatia. The paper will show that this development has been rather slow, and yet in some periods abrupt. Special attention will be devoted to the question of the (un)constitutionality of the treaties into which the Republic of Croatia has entered with the Holy See. The author will show that those treaties are in accordance with the Constitution, but that there are several other issues regarding the legal status of other religious communities which could be deemed unconstitutional. The author will show that five types of religious communities can be distinguished in the Republic of Croatia today
Med politizacijo znanosti in poznanstvenjenjem politike - vloga sociologije pri načrtovanju in ocenjevanju političnih in institucionalnih reform
No full textU prvom dijelu autor izlaže osnovne informacije o evaluacijskom istraživanju kao o posebnom obliku aplikativne sociologije koji se bavi nacrtom i ocjenjivanjem političkih i institucionalnih promjena i reformi. U drugom dijelu analizira se odnos između politike i znanosti (aplikativne sociologije odnosno društvenih znanosti). Autor zaključuje da je sociologija na putu da postane znanost koja se više ne bavi samo fundamentalnim, već i aplikativnim i razvojnim istraživanjima. Da ne bi dolazilo do zloupotrebe i negativne politizacije, sociolozi kao znanstvena grupa moraju sistematski proučavati način proizvodnje, širenja i upotrebe sociološkog znanja.In the first part of the article the author gives basic information about evaluation research as a specific form of applicative sociology dealing with design and the evaluation of political and institutional reforms. In the second part the relation between politics and science (applicative sociology and social sciences) is analysed. The author concludes that sociology !is becoming a science dealing with applicative and developmental research and not only with fundamental research. Because of the possibility of misuse and the negative politization of science, sociologists as a scientific community have to systematically study the mode of production, dissemination and the use of sociological knowledge
Excessive Legal Formalism and Public Procurement Procedures
No full textJavna nabava je mehanizam kojim se osigurava da javni i sektorski naručitelji učinkovito i transparentno utroše javna sredstva. Pravna zaštita u postupku provođenja javne nabave važna je kako bi se osiguralo da se postupci provode u skladu sa zakonom i kako bi se uistinu osiguralo učinkovito trošenje javnih sredstava, odnosno kako bi dodjela ugovora o javnoj nabavi bila transparentna i provjerljiva. U našem pravu pravnu zaštitu sudionicima takvih postupaka pruža samostalno i neovisno državno tijelo nadležno za rješavanje o žalbama u postupcima javne nabave – Državna komisija za kontrolu postupaka javne nabave. Autor smatra da je praksa Državne komisije često obilježena pretjeranim pravnim formalizmom te misli da je u nizu slučajeva, umjesto uskog i gramatičkog tumačenja, bilo mjesta teleološkom i pravno smislenom tumačenju propisa kako bi se strankama u postupcima uistinu omogućila učinkovita i dostupna pravna zaštita. Autor će uputiti na stajališta Ustavnog suda Republike Hrvatske, koji je u svojoj praksi kritizirao javnopravna tijela i sudove upravo zbog pretjeranog pravnog formalizma i gramatičkog tumačenja zakona. Autor smatra da pretjerani pravni formalizam može proizvesti zazor investitora od sudjelovanja u postupcima javne nabave, što može imati negativne posljedice na investicijski ciklus u Republici Hrvatskoj. Zbog toga će autor u radu pokazati, teorijski i na konkretnim primjerima, što smatra pretjeranim pravnim formalizmom i kako se, prema njegovu mišljenju, takvo tumačenje zakona može izbjeći.Public procurement represents a mechanism trough which it is ensured that public and sector buyers spend public funds effectively and transparently. Legal protection in the public procurement procedure is important because it ensures that such procedures are implemented in accordance with the law and that public funds are spent in an effective manner. In our legal system, the legal protection to participants of such procedures is provided by an independent state body which is competent for resolving appeal procedures in the public procurement procedures – the State Commission for the Control of Public Procurement Procedures. The author argues that the practice of the State Commission has frequently been marked with excessive legal formalism and believes there is room, instead of a narrow and grammatical interpretation of the law, for a teleological and legally coherent interpretation of the norms in order to ensure that the parties in these procedures are provided all available and efficient legal protection. The author will emphasize the views of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Croatia which has, in its practice, criticized public bodies and the courts for excessive legal formalism and grammatical interpretation of the law. The author feels that excessive legal formalism can produce disaffection of the investors, forcing them not to engage in public procurement procedures, which can, in turn, have negative consequences on the investments momentum in the Republic of Croatia. The author will present his view of excessive legal formalism, in theory and on specific examples, and discuss how such interpretation of the law could, in his view, be avoided. The author shows that excessive legal formalism is very much present in the practice of Croatian courts, and in administrative practice, as well. The only body which criticizes the occurrence of excessive legal formalism in Croatia is the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Croatia, which has, in its practice, repeatedly stated that it considers actions of the courts and administrative bodies in which they do not take into account the real meaning and purpose of the legal norm as excessively formalistic. Excessive formalism has a severe consequence – negation of the rule of law, which is not permissible in a democratic society. In his analysis, the author shows that the practice of the State Commission for the Control of Public Procurement Procedures is often marked with excessive legal formalism and puts forward his proposals for the improvement of the practice of this very important body. All public bodies are obliged to interpret legal norms in accordance with their purpose and to take into account the facts of every individual case in order to be able to make a lawful and correct decision. Only such practice can guarantee the rights of the parties in all legal procedures, including public procurement procedures
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