262,462 research outputs found
dRNA-seq shows a long 5’ UTR of the <i>mraZ</i> gene in <i>R</i>. <i>sphaeroides</i>.
No full textModified screenshots taken from IGB (integrated genome browser) visualizing the coverage at the genetic locus of mraZ. Shown are normalized cDNA reads on a large scale (upper two panels) and a smaller scale (lower two panels) obtained from TEX treated and untreated total RNA isolated from an exponentially and microaerobically grown R. sphaeroides 2.4.1 culture. The genetic context is displayed at the bottom. mraZ is the first gene of the dcw gene cluster. Position 1 reflects the TSS of sRNA UpsM (206 nt) 268 nucleotides upstream of mraZ. The terminator of UpsM is indicated as hairpin structure and a processing site within the sRNA is highlighted by an arrow.</p
Comprehensive view of <i>mraZ</i> upstream regions in different species.
No full textTerminator predictions are indicated in red. Respective energies are given in kcal/mol. Regions between Start and Stop codons in frame are shown as grey bars. Transcription start sites are derived from public available deep sequencing data (see S4 Fig for details). The phylogenetic tree was build using clustalx [58] (NJ, 10000 bootstraps) based on a clustalOmega [59] alignment of the respective mraZ coding regions. Bootstrap support values are indicated. Seemingly the long mraZ 5’ UTR with an intrinsic terminator is special to the family of Rhodobacteraceae.</p
SOCIAL ACCEPTANCE AND SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR OF CHILDREN
No full textDiplomsko delo preučuje značilnosti socialnega vedenja otrok in povezanost socialnega vedenja otrok s socialno sprejetostjo. Predstavljen je socialni razvoj otrok, odnosi med socialno sprejetostjo in njihovim socialnim vedenjem je prav tako opisana, in je tudi glavni raziskovalni problem, vse od družine ter vrtca, ki sta poglavitni del v socialnem razvoju otroka. Sledi razvoj socialnega vedenja v vrtcu in razvoj moralnega presojanja in prosocialnega vedenja.
V sodelovanju s tremi oddelki otrok iz vrtca Slov. Konjice so predstavljene razlike med otroci v socialnem vedenju in socialni sprejetosti. S pomočjo prirejenega ocenjevalnega kriterija in nizom slik so primerjave odgovorov otrok predstavljene po spolu in starosti. Predstavljene so prav tako ugotovitve o socialnem vedenju otrok in njihovi socialni sprejetosti.
Socialna sprejetost je v vrtcu pomebna za otrokov nadaljnji socialni razvoj. Pri sociometrični preizkušnji se velika odstopanja niso pojavila, prav tako pri razlikah po starosti, kar kaže, da so otroci v teh treh skupinah socialno sprejeti in, da sprejemljivost na njih vpliva le v majhni meri, odstopanje je le v izbirah znotraj spola partnerjev za igro in skupno sedenje. Pri prepoznavanju danega vedenja so se pojavile majhne razlike rezultatov glede na starost. Tudi naloge za prepoznavanje razlik med spoloma so bile po pričakovanjih usmerjene v istospolne izbire. Z sociometrično preizkušnjo dobljeni rezultati nam pokažejo, da se socialno vedenje povezuje z izbirami otrok pri preizkušnji, vendar le v majhnih odstopanjih.This diploma paper focuses on the characteristics of children’s social behaviour and the connection of children’s social behaviour with social acceptance. In this diploma paper I presented social development of children and I described the relationship between social acceptance and children’s social behaviour. This relationship was also the main research problem. The relationship is described beginning with the family and till the kindergarten, which are the two components that are the main parts in the social development of the child. This is followed by the research of the moral judgement and prosocial behaviour.
The differences in social behaviour and social acceptance between children are presented in cooperation with three departments of children from the Slovenske Konjice kindergarten. The comparisons of the children’s answers are presented according to their gender and age, with the help of the adapted grading criterion and sets of pictures. Furthermore the findings about the social behaviour of the children and their social acceptance are demonstrated.
Social acceptance in the kindergarten is important for the children\u27s further social development. Larger discrepancies did not appear at sociometric tests neither at the differences by the age, which indicates that children in these three groups are socially accepted. It also shows that acceptance influences them only in a small degree. Discrepancies appeared only in choices within the gender of partners for the play and sitting together. Small differences at results appeared according to the age. At the tasks for recognition of the differences between the genders children were, according to the expectation, oriented towards the same-sex choices. The results indicate that social behaviour is connected with the children’s choices at the testing, but there are only small discrepancies
Collegial intership of primary school teachers
No full textKolegialne hospitacije predstavljajo pomembno obliko profesionalnega učenja učiteljev, saj omogočajo razvoj pedagoške prakse skozi neposredno opazovanje in strokovno refleksijo. Temeljijo na sodelovanju med učitelji, kjer eden prevzame vlogo opazovalca, t. i. "kritičnega prijatelja", drugi pa vlogo opazovanega. Gre za vnaprej strukturiran proces, ki temelji na zaupanju ter spodbuja strokovno razpravo. Magistrsko delo obravnava kolegialne hospitacije kot obliko strokovnega sodelovanja med osnovnošolskimi učitelji, s poudarkom na izkušnjah, koristih, pogojih in ovirah, ki spremljajo ta proces. Namen raziskave je bil ugotoviti, kako pogosto učitelji sodelujejo pri kolegialnih hospitacijah, kako usposobljene se počutijo, katere dejavnike prepoznavajo kot ključne za uspeh in katere ovire jih pri tem omejujejo. V raziskavi je sodelovalo 312 učiteljev iz vse Slovenije. Podatki so bili zbrani z anketnim vprašalnikom in analizirani s pomočjo statističnega programa SPSS. Rezultati kažejo, da učitelji kolegialne hospitacije prepoznavajo kot orodje strokovnega razvoja, vendar se v praksi srečujejo s številnimi ovirami, kot so pomanjkanje časa, strah pred ocenjevanjem in neustrezna priprava. Opazovalci pogosto občutijo negotovost pri dajanju povratne informacije, opazovani pa stres in visoka pričakovanja. Kljub izzivom večina učiteljev izraža pripravljenost za sodelovanje, zlasti če so jasno opredeljeni cilji, podprti s konstruktivno povratno informacijo in strokovnim dialogom. Delo ponuja vpogled v aktualno prakso in predlaga pogoje za uspešnejšo uvedbo kolegialnih hospitacij v osnovnošolskem prostoru.Peer observation is an important form of professional learning for teachers, as it enables the development of pedagogical practice through direct observation and professional reflection. It is based on collaboration between teachers, where one takes on the role of observer - the so-called "critical friend", and the other takes on the role of the observed. It is a pre-structured process that is based on trust and encourages professional discussion. The master\u27s thesis examines peer observation as a form of professional cooperation between primary school teachers, with an emphasis on the experiences, benefits, conditions and obstacles that accompany this process. The purpose of the research was to determine how often teachers participate in peer observation, how qualified they feel, which factors they recognize as key to success, and what obstacles limit them in doing so. 312 teachers from all over Slovenia participated in the research. Data was collected using a questionnaire and analysed using the statistical program SPSS. The results show that teachers recognize peer observation as a tool for professional development, but in practice they encounter numerous obstacles, such as lack of time, fear of assessment, and inadequate preparation. Observers often feel uncertain about giving feedback, and the observed experience stress and high expectations. Despite the challenges, most teachers express a willingness to participate, especially if goals are clearly defined, supported by constructive feedback and professional dialogue. The work offers insight into current practice and suggests conditions for a more successful introduction of peer observation in primary schools
Transcription of <i>mraZ</i> is enabled by the UpsM promotor.
No full text(A) β-galactosidase activity assays of R. sphaeroides 2.4.1 with reporter plasmids with mraZ::lacZ translational fusion and mraZ upstream regions of varying length (long upstream region including the promotor of UpsM, 188 and 67 upstream nucleotides). pPHU235 represents the empty vector control. For each strain, three independent biological experiments with technical duplicates were performed. Error bars indicate standard deviations and an asterisk a significance level of PR. sphaeroides 2.4.1 after 90 min of 1O2 stress. cDNA was generated with the primer depicted as black arrow, whereas cDNAs were amplified by the primer shown as grey arrow. The PCR product was visualized on a gel (10% PAA/TBE) by ethidium bromide staining. 5’ ends (dashed lines) identified by subcloning and sequencing and their corresponding frequencies are highlighted. (C) qRT-PCR products of primer pairs pUpsM, pmraZ (155 bp and 153 bp, both specific for the corresponding mRNA segments) and pUpsM_mraZ (143 bp, spanning from UpsM to mraZ) visualized on a gel (10% PAA/TBE) by ethidium bromide staining. Samples without initial RT step were loaded as control. On the right relative transcript levels are shown in relation to the product quantity of primer pair pUpsM_mraZ. qRT-PCRs were performed in technical duplicates with RNA from three biological independent and unstressed R. sphaeroides 2.4.1 cultures. Error bars indicate standard deviations. (D) β-galactosidase activity assays of R. sphaeroides 2.4.1 conjugated with a reporter plasmid with translational lacZ fusion to the start codon (ATG) within the UpsM gene in comparison to the promoter-less empty vector control (pPHU235) and a control plasmid (pPHU4352) containing a strong 16S rRNA promoter. For each strain, three independent biological experiments with technical duplicates were performed. Error bars indicate standard deviations and an asterisk a significance level of P<0.01 compared to both controls.</p
The occurrence of strawberry viruses and phytoplasmas in the Czech Republic
No full textSeveral symptoms of strawberry mottle, crinkle, vein banding, mild yellow edge as well of mixed virus infection were observed on F. vesca clones after leaf graft bioassay. Isometric virus-like particles ranging from 21 to 50 nm in diameter, slightly flexuous filamentous particles (12 x 600 - 1200 nm), rhabdovirus-like virions (45-60 x 285 -320 nm) and virus-like inclusions were observed by electron microscopy in several strawberry preparations. Dot blot hybridisation and PCR analyses confirmed the presence of Strawberry vein banding virus (SVBV) in several samples. Moreover, DNA was isolated from this material, amplified, sequenced, and it was found that the fragment from the middle part of the coat protein gene of the Czech SVBV isolates was nearly identical with the corresponding region of the American SVBV isolate. Isolates of Arabis mosaic virus, Strawberry latent ringspot virus and Tobacco necrosis virus - D strain were mechanically transmitted from strawberries to differential host plants, purified, characterised by electron microscopy and antisera against them were prepared. Phytoplasmas belonging to aster yellows group (16SrI) subgroup I-C were detected in many strawberry plants which showed different types of symptoms: green petals, flower phyllody and early leaf reddening with subsequent decline. Electron microscopic observation of ultrathin sections confirmed the presence of phytoplasma structures in phloem tissues of diseased plants
Förskola i omvandling?
No full textSyfte: Syftet med denna uppsats har varit att se till hur förskolepedagogernas förhållningssätt och verksamheten vid Halmstad kommuns förskolor påverkar social integrering hos barn med beteendestörningar. Metod: Undersökningen baseras på en kvalitativ forskningsmetod i vilken tre förskolepedagoger och tre specialpedagoger har blivit intervjuade
Is Tomasz Mraz allowed to 'spill the beans' on Ziobrists? : the Criminal Code leaves no doubt
No full textByły dyrektor Departamentu Funduszu Sprawiedliwości w Ministerstwie Sprawiedliwości Tomasz Mraz ujawnił informacje o procederze przyznawania środków na pomoc pokrzywdzonym. "Główny świadek", który "sypie ziobrystów" - jak opisują to media - nagrywał również rozmowy dokumentujące czyny sprzeczne z prawem. Mimo toczącego się postępowania, przepisy nie nakazują mu milczeć i może on publicznie opowiadać o tym, co wie na temat nielegalnych działań polityków, z którymi współpracował.Former Director of the Justice Fund Department at the Ministry of Justice, Tomasz Mraz, revealed information about the allocation of funds intended to assist victims. Dubbed the 'key witness' who 'spills the beans on Ziobrists' by the media, he also recorded conversations documenting illegal activities. Despite ongoing proceedings, the law does not require him to remain silent, allowing him to publicly share what he knows about the unlawful actions of the politicians he worked with
Prva srpska sorta ozimog graška za zrno, NS-Mraz
No full textThe first local cultivar of winter pea for grain, 'NS MRAZ', was developed by pedigree selection from the hybrid population created by crossing local populations and one French line of pea. The cultivar has a high seed yield potential, exceptional earliness and tolerance to low temperatures. Its average plant height is 75-85 cm; it is of the afila type of pea, tolerant to lodging and of uniform maturity. Its genetic potential for seed yield is more than 7,000 kg ha-1, and it achieved an average seed yield of 5,110 kg ha-1 in three-year trials, while seed yield in production conditions was above 5,500 kg ha-1. Thousand-grain weight is about 200 g, which was the goal achieved in reducing the amount of seed per unit area. Protein yield ranged from 1,100 to 1,200 kg ha-1.Prva domaća sorta ozimog graška za zrno, NS MRAZ, nastala je pedigre metodom selekcije iz hibridne populacije nastale ukrštanjem domaćih populacija i jedne francuske linije graška. Sorta se odlikuje visokim potencijalom rodnosti zrna, izuzetnom ranostasnošću i otpornošću na niske temperature. Prosečna visina stabljike je 75 do 85 cm, afila tipa, tolerantna na poleganje i ujednačenog sazrevanja. Genetički potencijal za prinos zrna je iznad 7 000 kg ha -1 , a u trogodišnjim ogledima ostvarila je prosečan prinos zrna od 5 110 kg ha -1 , dok je u proizvodnim uslovima prinos semena bio iznad 5 500 kg ha -1 . Masa 1000 zrna je oko 200 grama, što je i bio cilj, kako bi se smanjila količina semena po jedinici površine. Prinos proteina kretao se od 1 100 do 1 200 kg ha -1
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