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Charlie May Simon materials
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Calipsalta brunnea Moulds & Marshall 2022, sp. n.
No full textCalipsalta brunnea sp. n. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 4E756A06-EFF0-4F79-8279-3615E7558CFD (Figs 11, 20, 48–50) Synonymy. Cicadetta sp. A brown sandplain cicada Ewart 2009: 123–124; Pl. 1, fig. C. “spinifex rattler” Marshall et al. 2016: fig. 2. Etymology. From the Latin brunneus meaning dusky, tawny, and referring to the tawny brown colour of this species. Types. Holotype male (Simon Lab. voucher 10.AU.WA.WOL.03), near Wolfe Creek Meteorite Crater, Western Australia, 19°10.908’S 127°46.636’E, 25.i.2010, Hill, Marshall, Moulds (WAME 113474) (WAM). Paratypes as follows: WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 2 males, 3 females, AU.WA. WOL, near Wolfe Creek Meteorite Crater, Western Australia, 19°10.908’S 127°46.636’E, 25.i,2010, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 1 male, AU.WA.NSR, 23 km NE of Sandfire Rd house, 19°40.741’S 121°16.042’E, 16 m, 9.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 1 male, 50 km SW of Sandfire Flat, between Broome and Port Hedland, 15.ii.1977, M.S. & B.J. Moulds; 6 males (2 Simon Lab. vouchers 11.AU.WA. DEE.01, 11.AU.WA. DEE.02), 60 km ESE of Derby on Gibb River Rd, 46 m, 17°26.224’S 124°10.046’E, 22.xi.2011, K. Hill, D. Marshall; 1 female, 40 km W of Warburton, 26°13’S 126°19’E, 29.xii.1995, M.S. & B.J. Moulds, K.A. Kopestonsky; 2 females, Mary R. x-ing, 100 km SW of Halls Creek township, 1.i.1986, M.S. & B.J. Moulds; 1 male, 6 females, Lake Mackay, ca 100 km ENE Kiwirrkurra Agrimin Camp, 22°42’06.9”S 128°38’49.8”E (GDA 49), 14.xi.2017, T.A. Moulds (MSM). 1 male, 1 female, same data as holotype (WAME 113475-113476) (WAM). NORTHERN TERRITORY: 2 females, nr Caseys Bore NT, ESE Ringwood Stn, xii.1968, U.N.E. Explor. Soc. (ANIC). 1 female, Taylors Creek, 47 km N of Barrow Creek township, 22.i.1984, M.S. & B.J. Moulds (DE). 1 male (Simon Lab. voucher 10.AU.NT. HME.01), edge of Hermannsburg, 591 m, 23°56.382’S 132°47.413’E, 29.i.2010, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 5 males, 1 female (2 Simon Lab. vouchers 04. NTR. PCK.11, 04. NTR. PCK.11), 32 km S of Elliot, 240 m, 17°49.3’S 133°40.5’E, 26.i.2004, Cooley, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 1 female, AU.NT.LJA, Luritja Road, 99 km N of Lasseter Hwy, 24°29.898’S 132°03.944’E 31.i.2010, Hill, Marshall, Moulds [at light]; 3 males (genitalia prep. ERE 7), 11 females, 70 km E of The Three Ways, nr Tennant Creek township, 21.i,1984, M.S. & B.J. Moulds; 3 males (2 genitalia prep. CI 112, ERE 2, ERE 8), 14 females, Taylors Creek, 47 km N of Barrow Creek township, 22.i,1984, M.S. & B.J. Moulds; 3 females, Barkly Hwy, 75 km ESE of junction with Tablelands Hwy, 4.i.1987, M.S. & B.J. Moulds; 3 males, 1 female, 27 km S of Rabbit Flat, 12.i.2002, 20°22’52”S 130°08’54”E, M.S. & B.J. Moulds; 1 male, 1 female, Newhaven Stn, Tanami Desert, ii.2010, J. & D. Schofield; 1 male, 3 females, 29 km ENE of Ayers Rock, 2.ii.1984, M.S. & B.J. Moulds; 1 female, Yulara Resort, Ayers Rock, 2.ii.1984, M.S. & B.J. Moulds (MSM). 1 female, Taylors Creek, 47 km N of Barrow Creek township, 22.i,1984, M.S. & B.J. Moulds (LP). 1 female, Taylors Creek, 47 km N of Barrow Creek township, 22.i,1984, M.S. & B.J. Moulds (PH). 1 female, Taylors Creek, 47 km N of Barrow Creek township, 22.i.1984, M.S. & B.J. Moulds (WAME 113477) (WAM). SOUTH AUSTRALIA: 1 female, 26°09’S 130°35’E, 56 km W of Amata, Musgrave Ranges, 19.i.1982, D.C.F. & B.G.F. Rentz & R. Honeycutt, stop 14 (ANIC). QUEENSLAND: 4 females, Ethabuka Res., 23°51.565’S 138°28.855’E, 12.ii.2007, S. Morrison (MSM). Distribution and habitat (Figs 20b, 48). Widely distributed through arid and semi-arid regions of Western Australia and Northern Territory, and from near Amata at the western end of the Musgrave Ranges in the far northwest of South Australia and from Cravens Peak Reserve (Ewart 2009) and Ethabuka Reserve (S. Morrison) in far south-western Queensland. Records from Western Australia include near Derby and Wolfe Creek Meteorite Crater in the north, Sandfire Flat at the western extremity of the Great Sandy Desert, Lake Mackay at the eastern extremity of the Gibson Desert, and near Warburton near the northern edge of the Great Victoria Desert. In the Northern Territory it is widely distributed south from Elliot to Uluru (Ayers Rock) but records are lacking from the south-eastern quarter. There are records from mid November to mid February. Adults are often associated with herbaceous plants in open shrubland with spinifex and other grasses. Adult description. Male (Figs 11, 20a, 49). Light brown. Head light brown; postclypeus light brown with lateral grooves a little darker; anteclypeus light brown but darker laterally; antennae dark brown; rostrum dark brown tending black distally, reaching to about mid length of mid coxae. Thorax light brown; pronotal collar and submedian and lateral sigilla dark brown to varying extents. Forewing venation brown becoming black distally, with infuscations overlaying crossveins r to r-m; basal membrane orange. Hindwing venation brown becoming black on distal half, without infuscations; plaga white to pale brown. Legs brown; meracanthus short, broad, pointed, similar in colour to opercula. Opercula pale yellowish brown. Abdomen light brown. Timbals with cavity broadly rounded along posterior margin, on some specimens tending partly weakly ridged; with three long ribs spanning the the timbal membrane and joined at their dorsal ends, and usually one or two short ribs in anterior membrane. Male genitalia (Figs 49a–b). Pygofer brown; basal lobes well developed but in lateral view mostly hidden with slight out-curve apically; upper lobes broad, directed slightly upwards, apex broadly rounded; dorsal beak very wide and mostly confluent with pygofer margin. Claspers in lateral view broad, gently curved along upper margin, less so along ventral margin, bluntly pointed, with a wide overhanging rim along upper margin; in ventral view broad, tapering to a bluntly pointed apex, not diverging along their inner margins, their apices abutted. Aedeagus trifid, the pseudoparameres long (much longer than length of thecal shaft), pointed, diverging distally in dorsal view; ventral support about half the length of pseudoparameres; basal plate in dorsal view gently incurved across distal margin with rounded ‘ears’ slightly back-turned. Female. Similar to male. Light brown. Ovipositor sheath dark brown, projecting a little beyond dorsal beak no more than 0.3 mm. Measurements. Range and mean (in mm) for 10 males, 10 females (includes smallest and largest of available specimens). Length of body (including head): male 18.9–24.6 (21.4); female (including ovipositor) 19.6–25.6 (22.8). Length of forewing: male 20.9–27.6 (23.9); female 21.9–27.4 (24.7). Width of head (including eyes): male 5.8–7.6 (6.6); female 6.1–7.6 (6.7). Width of pronotum (across lateral angles): male 7.1–9.0 (7.8); female 7.1–9.4 (7.9). Distinguishing features. Light brown cicadas in life. The forewing is lightly infuscated subapically, the venation is brown, and the rostrum reaches about mid length of mid coxae. Forewing veins M and CuA are either fused at the basal cell for a short distance or unfused but abutted together. The male genitalia have pseudoparameres that are longer than the length of the thecal shaft and a ventral support that is about half the length of the pseudoparameres. The female ovipositor sheath barely protrudes beyond the anal styles and caudal beak. Calipsalta brunnea sp. n. is most likely to be confused with discoloured individuals of C. fumosa sp. n. that have turned brown after death; the mid brown to black forewing costa of C. brunnea distinguishes it from the pale brown or pale greenish costa of C. fumosa. Song (Figs 50a–d). Recordings were examined from the type locality and the following paratype localities: NT.HME, NT.PCK, WA.DEE, WA.NSR. The calling song consists of a train of sharp clicks or doublets that oscillates between slower and faster click rates at about 14–23 cycles/s and ends, after a brief silent gap of 0.045 –0.065 s, with an isolated syllable lasting about 0.02 s (sometimes containing only a single click). Click rates vary from 140–31/s. This oscillation is so rapid that normally only one slow-rate click is produced per cycle, and only two or three fast-rate clicks. Phrases may last longer than a minute. Most sound energy is found within the range 8–14 kHz, with a peak around 10 kHz. There is no frequency modulation. The song has been previously recorded from Cravens Peak Reserve in Queensland by Ewart (2009, p. 143–144, “ Cicadetta sp. A ”), who described the song structure as repeated 4-syllable macrosyllables. The song of Calipsalta brunnea is similar to those of C. viridans sp. n., C. fumosa sp. n., and Pedana hesperia sp. n., but is clearly distinguishable by its more rapid rate of oscillation between fast- and slow-rate sections, over 14 cycles/s compared to less than 7 cycles/s for the other species. Males call both during the day and at dusk. but tend to restrict calling to dusk when day temperatures are exceedingly high.Published as part of Moulds, Max & Marshall, David C., 2022, New genera and new species of Western Australian cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae), pp. 451-507 in Zootaxa 5174 (5) on pages 491-493, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5174.5.1, http://zenodo.org/record/698655
Punia hyas Moulds 2020, sp. n.
No full textPunia hyas sp. n. (Figs 6–7, 13–14, 26) Punia “nr hentyi” / hentyi MTE 09 Owen et al., 2015: 261, 267–270. Punia hentyi Owen et al. 2017: 572, 580. Nomen nudum. Punia “sp. grey” Owen et al. 2017: 572, 580. Types. Holotype male, 21 km W of Pentecost R. x-ing, Gibb R. road, Western Australia, 30.xii.1991, M.S. Moulds & B.J. Moulds (WAM). Paratypes as follows: WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 4 males, 1 female, same data as holotype (AE). 4 males, 1 female, same data as holotype (AM). 4 males, 1 female, same data as holotype; 8 males, 1 female, Ord River, 15°43’42”S 128°42’20”E, 14.xii.2019, S. Ong; 3 males, NAASRA creek, 15°45’54”S 128°17’13”E, 24.xii.2019, S. Ong (DE). 4 males, same data as holotype (JO). 4 males, 1 female, same data as holotype; 2 males, Ord River, 15°43’42”S 128°42’20”E, 14.xii.2019, S. Ong (LP). 4 males, Durack R. x-ing, Gibb R. Road, E. Kimberley, 29.xii.1991, M.S. & B.J. Moulds; 89 males (1 genitalia prep. CI103), 7 females, same data as holotype; 1 female, Zebedee Springs, El Questro Stn, E. Kimberley, 28.xii.1991, M.S. & B.J. Moulds; 7 males, 1 female, King R. x-ing, Gibb R. Road, 30.xii.1991, M.S. & B.J. Moulds; 56 males, 2 females, Kununurra, 6.i.1986, M.S & B.J. Moulds; 7 males, 2 females, Kununurra, 10.i.1986, 10.i.1986, 19.i.1987, 28.ii.1987, E.A. Henty; 3 males (1 Simon Lab. voucher 11.AU.WA. BAR.08), Barnett River xing on Gibb River Road, 433m, 16°42.589S 125°56.143E, 20.xi.2011, K. Hill, D. Marshall; 6 males (1 Simon Lab. voucher 11.AU.WA. ELL.01), 1 female, ~ 196 km W of Great Northern Hwy on Gibb River Rd, W of Ellenbrae Stn rd, 411m, 15°56.765S 126°50.061E, 19.xi.2011, K. Hill, D. Marshall; 8 males (1 Simon Lab. voucher 11.AU.WA. PCC.01), 2 females, ~ 57 km E of Great Northern Hwy on Parry Ck Rd, SE of Wyndham, 15°59.194S 128°40.138E, 32m, 28.xi.2011, K. Hill, D. Marshall (MSM). 4 males, 1 female, same data as holotype; 6 males (1 Simon Lab. voucher 11.AU.WA. ELL.01), 1 female, ~ 196 km W of Great Northern Hwy on Gibb River Rd, W of Ellenbrae Stn rd, 411m, 15°56.765S 126°50.061E, 19.xi.2011, K. Hill, D. Marshall (WAM). NORTHERN TERRITORY: 23 males, 2 females, Tindal, 14°31’S 132°22’E, 1–20.xii.1967, W. Vestjens; 1 male, 3 km SSW of Katherine, 14°30’S 132°15’E, 12.xi.1979, T. Weir (ANIC). 4 males, 1 female, 37 km E of Borroloola, 21.xii.1991, M.S. & B.J. Moulds (NTM). 1 male, Maud Ck, Katherine, 3.xii.1978, R. I. Storey; 1 male, Larrimah, 4.xii.1978, R. I. Storey (QDAF). 3 males, Gurrandalng camping area, Keep River Nat. Park, 15°52S 129°03E, 3.i.1993, G. & A. Daniels; 5 males, Keep River x-ing, Victoria Hwy, 7.i.1986, M.S. & B.J. Moulds; 1 male, Berry Springs, 29.x.1993, G.A. Husbana; 1 male (genitalia prep. PU15), 3 females, Springvale Stn, 12 km W of Katherine, 8.xii.1982, A. Walford-Huggins; 1 male (genitalia prep. PU13), Maud Ck, Katherine, 3.xii.1978, R. I. Storey; 2 males (genitalia preps PU11, PU14), Mainoru, ENE of Katherine, 14.xii.1982, A. Walford-Huggins; 5 males (1 genitalia prep. PU9), 2 females, Waterhouse River, Mataranka Hsd, 9.i.1986, 23,24. xii.1986, M.S. & B.J. Moulds; 1 male (genitalia prep. PU12), Larrimah, 4.xii.1978, R. I. Storey; 39 males (2 genitalic preps PU25, PU26), 5 females, 37 km E of Borroloola, 21.xii.1991, M.S. & B.J. Moulds; 14 males (1 genitalia prep. PU46) (1 Simon Lab. voucher 11.AU.NT. KWW.01), Victoria Hwy (Hwy 1), 30 km W of Katherine, 125m, 14°40.776’S 132°05.142’E, 30.xi.2011, K. Hill, D. Marshall; 34 males (1 Simon Lab. voucher 11.AU.NT. KRX.01), 2 females, 58 km SW of Katherine on Victoria Hwy, 127m, 14°49.762S 131°55.001E, 15.xi.2011, K. Hill, D. Marshall; 15 males, (1 Simon Lab. voucher 11.AU.NT. GPB.02), 3 females (1 Simon Lab. voucher 11.AU.NT. GPB.03), Bullita campground, Gregory NP, 46 km S of Vic. Hwy, 103m, 16°06.802S 130°25.406E, 16.xi.2011, K. Hill, D. Marshall; 8 males (1 Simon Lab voucher 06.AU.NT. MTE.09), 2 females, 76 km E of Mataranka, 14°54.888S 133°42.780E, 77m, 3.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds (MSM). 14 males, Victoria Hwy (Hwy 1), 30 km W of Katherine, 125m, 14°40.776’S 132°05.142’E, 30.xi.2011, K. Hill, D. Marshall; 34 males, 1 female, AU.NT. KRX, 58 km SW of Katherine on Victoria Hwy, 127m, 14°49.762S 131°55.001E, 15.xi.2011, K. Hill, D. Marshall; 15 males, (1 Simon Lab. voucher 11.AU.NT. GPB.02), 2 females, Bullita campground, Gregory NP, 46 km S of Vic. Hwy, 103m, 16°06.802S 130°25.406E, 16.xi.2011, K. Hill, D. Marshall; 9 males, 1 female, AU.NT. MTE, 76 km E of Mataranka, 14°54.888S 133°42.780E, 77m, 3.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds (NTM). 19 males, 1 female, Groote Eylandt, N.B. Tindale (SAM). Distribution and habitat (Fig. 26). The far north-east of Western Australia including the east Kimberley, and the Top End of Northern Territory south to Larrimah and west to Groote Eylandt and near Borroloola, but as yet unknown from Arnhem Land. There are records from late October to late February but most are for December. Adults inhabit eucalypts in open woodland. Male (Figs 6, 13–14). Head with vertex black except for small light brown patch on midline adjacent to posterior margin and light brown supra-antennal plates (latter tinged red on some specimens); lora dark brown to black. Postclypeus with a broad central brown or black area ventrally that sometimes extends to dorsal surface; the most anterior part of postclypeus light brown. Anteclypeus smoky light brown to dark brown. Rostrum reaching apices of mid coxae; light brown or brown basally, becoming black towards apex. Antennae light brown to black. Thorax with pronotum light brown, the pronotal collar and anterior margin always palest; paramedian and lateral fissures black and sometimes with irregular black markings between fissures, usually a black fascia either side of a pale dorsal midline not reaching to pronotal collar, a black spot on midline adjacent to pronotal collar, and a blackish patch on lateral angles of pronotal collar. Mesonotum light brown; submedian and lateral sigilla usually distinct, both dark brown or black; scutal depressions marked brown or black; the area between anterior arms of cruciform elevation usually partly brown or black and sometimes extending to encompass scutal depressions. Wings hyaline, forewing venation brown to black except often for pale yellowish costa; forewing basal membrane very pale greyish to pale orange. Hindwing venation brown to black; plaga following veins 2A and 3A white and indistinct. Legs light to dark brown, coxae, trochanters and femora sometimes with a dark longitudinal stripe; meracantha pale yellow tending whitish. Opercula pale yellow tending whitish with base brown to nearly black. Timbals with three long ribs spanning timbal membrane and fused dorsally. Abdomen light brown with tergites 3–6 predominantly translucent pale yellow laterally; dorsal midline dark brown to black variable between individuals often with variable patches of pinkish red or reddish orange; dorsal markings widest on tergites 1–3, tapering distally on tergite 3, narrowest on tergites 4–7; tergites 2–8 also blackish sublaterally including auditory capsule and often extending to cover the greater part of tergites 6–8; tergites 3–7 narrowly edged pale yellow to pale light yellowish brown along posterior margin, tergite 8 less distinctly so. Sternites pale yellow to almost white except for sternites V–VIII usually with dark brown or blackish suffusion. Genitalia (Figs 13–14). Pygofer dorsal beak variable, usually well formed but sometimes ill-defined; basal lobe large, in lateral view tending triangular, often a little elongated and gently upturned distally; upper pygofer lobe short but broad, flat, with a short accessory tooth variable in shape from sharply pointed to very blunt, about as long as the pygofer lobe. Uncus very short but broad, gradually tapering to a broadly rounded apex that barely projects beyond anal tube. Claspers small, broad basally, claw-like, tending triangular in dorsal view, diverging, distally gently curved downwards to a bluntly pointed apex, concave below. Aedeagus with endotheca strongly curved in an arc, its sclerotisation gradually reduced towards the apex, the apex a little sloping backwards towards the ventral surface; pseudoparameres about as long as or a little shorter than endotheca, more or less parallel, lying above endotheca, slender and not obviously flattened except a little before a downturned pointed apex. Female (Fig. 7). Similar to male but with much reduced dark markings and without translucent sides to abdomen. In some individuals prothorax with black or brown along median and lateral fissures and sometimes mesonotum with black or brown submedian and lateral sigilla; abdomen pale yellowish brown sometimes with irregular black or brown dorsal midline, and sometimes with a pinkish dorsal hue; abdominal segment 9 pale yellowish brown with an indistinct black or brown band either side of midline slightly turned outwards distally and not reaching distal margin, sometimes also with indistinct black or brown suffusion along anterior margin; ovipositor sheath yellowish brown to black, slightly protruding beyond apex of abdomen. Measurements. Range and mean (in mm) for 10 males and 10 females (includes largest and smallest of available specimens). Length of body: male 9.3–11.3 (10.5); female (including ovipositor) 10.5–12.2 (11.1). Length of forewing: male 10.4–12.4 (11.7); female 12.6–14.3 (13.3). Width of head (including eyes): male 2.7–3.1 (2.9); female 2.9–3.3 (3.1). Width of pronotum (across lateral angles): male 2.9–3.3 (3.1); female 3.1–3.6 (3.3). Etymology. From the Latin Hyas, one of the seven stars in the constellation Taurus, whose rising with the sun presaged rainy weather, and referring to the monsoonal climate that this species inhabits. Distinguishing features. Differs from all Punia species except P. queenslandica in having the entire forewing venation (excluding costa) brown or blackish. Differs from P. queenslandica in being slightly larger, the male forewing being more than 11 mm long (usually 11.2 or more), female 12.3 mm or more long (usually 12.6 or more) whereas that of P. queenslandica probably never reaches those lengths. Forewing shape is also different, most notable in being narrower and with a less swollen costa at the node (compare Figs 6 and 7 with 8 and 9). The male genitalia of P. hyas have the endotheca strongly curved in an arc, its sclerotisation gradually reduced ventrally toward the apex leaving only a narrow distal ridge of sclerotization that is pointed apically, and the pseudoparameres lie above the endotheca. The distributions of the two species are widely separated, P. hyas being found in Western Australia and the Northern Territory whereas P. queenslandica is found only in Queensland.Published as part of Moulds, M. S., 2020, A revision of the Australian cicada genus Punia Moulds, 2012 (Cicadidae Cicadettinae: Cicadettini) with the description of four new species, pp. 101-115 in Zootaxa 4860 (1) on pages 106-108, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4860.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/441357
Calipsalta viridans Moulds & Marshall 2022, sp. n.
No full textCalipsalta viridans sp. n. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: E54D5F06-432A-4728-A3C7-3AD9F4DA8553 (Figs 10, 45–47) Synonymy. “false hermannsburgensis” Marshall et al. 2016: fig. 2. Etymology. From the Latin verb virido meaning to make or become green, and pertaining to the colour of this species. Types. Holotype male (Simon Lab. voucher 06.AU.WA.BMS.01), Great Northern Hwy, ~ 88 km SE of Broome, Western Australia, 18°14.326’S 122°25.764’E, 9.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds (WAME 113466) (WAM). Paratypes as follows: WESTERN AUSTRALIA : 2 females, AU.WA. SFC, 74 km W of Sandfire Rdhouse, 30 m, 19°55.828’S 120°25.082’E, 9.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 1 female, Hidden Valley, Kununurra, 15.736°S 128.743°E, 23.iii.2021, S. Ong (DE). 2 males,AU.WA.SHN, 27 km N of Shay Gap, NNE of Marble Bar, 20°13.861’S 120°12.523’E, 18.i.2010, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 7 males (1 Simon Lab. voucher 10.AU.WA. GNE.01), 3 females, 100 km SE [of] Fitzroy Crossing, Great Northern Hwy, 18°44.829’S 126°08.442’E, 309 m, 21.i.2010, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 1 female (Simon Lab. voucher 06.AU.WA. ROE.01), roadhouse ~ 34 km E of Broome, 53 m, 17°51.030’S 122°30.059’E, 8.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 1 female (Simon Lab voucher 06.AU.WA. ROE.01), roadhouse, ~ 35 km E of Broome, 53 m, 17°51.030’E, 122°30.059’E, 8 Feb. 2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 1 male (Simon Lab. voucher 10.AU.WA. DEH.03), De Grey R. xing, Shay Gap Rd, ~ 85 km NNE of Marble Bar, 20°37.279’S 120°04.226’E, 18.i.2010, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 2 males, 6 females, AU.WA. SFC, 74 km W of Sandfire Rdhouse, 30 m, 19°55.828’S 120°25.082’E, 9.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 8 females, 50 km SW of Sandfire Flat, between Broome and Port Headland, 15.ii.1977, M.S. & B.J. Moulds; 2 males (1 genitalia prep. CI 140), 3 females, 40 km W of Warburton, 26°13’S 126°19’E, 29.xii.1995, M.S. & B.J. Moulds & K.A. Kopestonsky (MSM). 2 females, AU.WA. SFC, 74 km W of Sandfire Rdhouse, 30 m, 19°55.828’S 120°25.082’E, 9.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 1 male, Wuggubun Indig. Community, 15°57’40”S 128°22’28”E, 7.ii.2020, S. Ong; 1 male, Durack, 16°01’41”S 128°25’09”E, 8.ii. 2020, S. Ong; 1 male, 1 female, Great Northern Highway, 16.064°S 128.410°E, 23.i.2020, S. Ong; 1 male, Valentine Springs Road, 15.673°S 128.666°E, 17.xii.2020, S. Ong (LP). 2 females, AU.WA. SFC, 74 km W of Sandfire Rdhouse, 30 m, 19°55.828’S 120°25.082’E, 9.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds (PH). 1 male, 3 females, AU.WA. SFC, 74 km W of Sandfire Rdhouse, 30 m, 19°55.828’S 120°25.082’E, 9.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds (WAME 113467-113470); 3 females, 50 km SW of Sandfire Flat, between Broome and Port Headland, 15.ii.1977, M.S. & B.J. Moulds (WAME 113471-113473) (WAM). NORTHERN TERRITORY: 1 male, 1 female, 26°09’S 130°35’E, 56 km W. of Amata, Musgrave Ranges, S.A., 20–21.i.1982, D.C.F. & B.G. F. Rentz & R. Honeycutt, Stop 14 (ANIC). Distribution and habitat (Fig. 45). Arid and semi-arid regions of Western Australia and north-eastern South Australia. Records from Western Australia fall within the north-eastern quarter of the State south to 74 km west of Sandfire Roadhouse at the western edge of the Great Sandy Desert and to Warburton near the northern edge of the Great Victoria Desert. From South Australia the only record is from near the western end of the Musgrave Ranges. From Western Australia most records are from between Broome and Sandfire Flat. Elsewhere in Western Australia there are several records from around Kununurra (S. Ong) and from 100 km south-east of Fitzroy Crossing. No doubt the species occurs in many other localities including in the Northern Territory but by inhabiting these remote regions and possibly with a sporadic appearance, the species is not often encountered. There are records from mid December to mid February. Associated with herbaceous plants, not spinifex. Adult description. Male (Fig. 46). Green, but often tending partly or entirely yellow or light brownish on discoloured dried specimens. Head, including postclypeus and anteclypeus, green; antennae brown except for partly green scape; rostrum brown, reaching to about mid length of mid coxae. Thorax green, the mesonotum with submedian and lateral sigilla pale brown to varying extent. Forewing venation green, without infuscations; basal membrane pale brown. Hindwing venation green; without infuscations; plaga white. Legs green with tarsi tending pale greenish brown; meracanthus short, broad, similar in colour to opercula. Opercula pale yellowish, almost colourless. Abdomen green except for pale yellowish brown sternite VIII. Timbals with cavity broadly rounded along posterior margin (also partly weakly ridged in some specimens); with three long ribs spanning the the timbal membrane and joined at their dorsal ends, and usually two short ribs in anterior membrane. Male genitalia (Figs 46a–b). Pygofer green; basal lobes well developed but in lateral view mostly hidden; upper lobes broad, in lateral slightly upturned, apex broadly rounded; dorsal beak very wide and confluent with pygofer margin. Claspers in lateral view gently curved along upper margin, straight along lower margin, bluntly pointed, with a wide overhanging rim along upper margin, in ventral view broad, tapering to a bluntly pointed apex, not diverging along their inner margins, their apices abutted. Aedeagus trifid, the pseudoparameres about the length of thecal shaft, pointed, barely diverging in dorsal view; ventral support well developed (about half the length of pseudoparameres). Basal plate in dorsal view gently incurved across distal margin with rounded ‘ears’ slightly backturned. Female (Fig. 10). Similar to male. Green becoming a little pale orange ventrally. Ovipositor sheath distally pale green, terminating about level with anal styles and dorsal beak. Measurements. Range and mean (in mm) for 10 males, 10 females (includes smallest and largest of available specimens). Length of body (including head): male 17.8–20.6 (19.3); female (including ovipositor) 18.9–21.9 (20.3). Length of forewing: male 20.0–22.7 (21.6); female 20.6–23.4 (22.1). Width of head (including eyes): male 5.3–6.1 (5.7); female 5.5–6.5 (5.9). Width of pronotum (across lateral angles): male 6.2–7.2 (6.8); female 6.6–7.8 (7.2). Distinguishing features. Light green cicadas in life. The forewings are not infuscated, the venation is green, and the rostrum reaches about mid length of the mid coxae. Forewing veins M and CuA are either fused at the basal cell for a short distance or unfused but abutted together. The male genitalia have pseudoparameres that are about half the length of the thecal shaft and a ventral support that is about half the length of the pseudoparameres. The female ovipositor sheath is light brown in life and terminates about level with the anal styles and caudal beak. Calipsalta viridans sp. n. differs from C. fumosa sp. n. in lacking forewing subapical infuscations. It might also be confused with Erempsalta hermannsburgensis that is also green, without wing infuscations, and inhabits an arid environment. Calipsalta viridans sp. n. differs from Erempsalta hermannsburgensis in having a rostrum that only reaches to mid length of the mid coxae whereas in E. hermannsburgensis it reaches the bases of the hind coxae. Song (Figs 47a–d). Recordings were examined from the type locality and the WA.GNE and WA.SHN paratype localities. The male calling song consists of a train of sharp clicks or doublets that oscillates between slower and faster click rates at about 1.8–1.9 cycles/s and ends, after a brief silent gap of 0.02– 0.036 s, with an isolated syllable lasting about 0.025 s. The entire phrase may last less than one second or up to nearly a minute. Click rates vary from 110–65/s. Most sound energy is found within the range 9–16 kHz, with a peak around 12 kHz. There is no frequency modulation. The song of Calipsalta viridans sp. n. can be distinguished from those of its congeners and that of Pedana hesperia sp. n. by its much slower rate of oscillation between fast- and slow-pulse sections, which is 2/s or less in C. viridans and> 4/s in the other species.Published as part of Moulds, Max & Marshall, David C., 2022, New genera and new species of Western Australian cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae), pp. 451-507 in Zootaxa 5174 (5) on pages 488-491, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5174.5.1, http://zenodo.org/record/698655
Pedana hesperia Moulds & Marshall 2022, sp. n.
No full textPedana hesperia sp. n. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 3412DD9C-69BE-466A-8A75-39CCC4FD8CE4 (Figs 2, 17, 27–29) Synonymy. “false quintilia” Marshall et al. 2016: fig. 2. Etymology. Named from the Greek hesperios meaning western land and pertaining to the mainly western distribution of this cryptic species. Types. Holotype male (Simon Lab. voucher AU.WA.NUE), 13.2 km E of Cocklebiddy, Western Australia, 32°00.692’S 126°14.208’E, 72 m, 21.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds (WAME 113437) (WAM). Paratypes as follows: WESTERN AUSTRALIA : 4 males, 1 female, 61 km E of Norseman on Eyre Highway, 32°2’S 122°21’E, 11.xi.1999, Rentz, D.C.F., Su, Y.N., Stop 191; 1 female, Hampton Tableland, 2 km N of Mundrabilla Motel, 31°48’S 128°13’E, 12.x.1984, Rentz, D.C.F., Stop 30; 1 male, Peak Charles NP, 7.x.2010, 32°51’34”S 121°09’35”E, 245- 0002, L.W. Popple (ANIC). 1 male, Eucla, Nullarbor Plain, 7.xii.1978, M.S. & B.J. Moulds (DE). 2 males, 1 female, Balladonia Rd, 11.x.2010, 33°16’59”S 123°23’32”E, 245-0006 to 245-0008, L.W. Popple; 4 males, Peak Charles NP, 7.x.2010, 32°51’34”S 121°09’35”E, 245-0001 (song recorded), 245-0003 to 245-0005, L.W. Popple (LP). 1 male, WAU.EEN, 18 km E of Eneabba, 262 m, 29°45.4’S 115°25.9’E, 21.i.2003, Moulds, Hill, Marshall & Vanderpool; 7 males (one genitalia prep. Q4), Ravensthorpe, 8.xii.1985, M.S. & B.J. Moulds; 6 males, 1 female, Lake Douglas, 12 km SW of Kalgoorlie, 13.i.1989, M.S. & B.J. Moulds; 1 male (genitalia prep. Q7), Lake Douglas, 12 km SW of Kalgoorlie, 31.x.1986, A.J. Graham; 1 male, 25 km S of Balladonia Roadhouse, 32°33.65’S 123°37.10’E, 16.xii.1995, M.S. & B.J. Moulds; 2 males (one genitalia prep. Q5; Simon Lab. vouchers 06.AU.WA. BAL.01, 06.AU. WA. BAL.03), Balladonia Roadhouse, 32°21.285’S 123°37.089’E, 177 m, 20.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 3 males (one genitalia prep. Q8), 1 female, AU.WA.MAW, 24 km WSW of Madura, 31°55.788’S 126°46.737’E, 98 m, 21.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 1 male, AU.WA.MUE, 7.7 km E of Mundrabilla, 31°49.164’S 128°18.356’E, 17 m, 6.ii.2009, K. Hill & D. Marshall; 3 males, AU.WA. NUE, same data as holotype; 7 males (two genitalia preps Q2, Q6), 1 female, Eucla, Nullarbor Plain, 7.xii.1978, M.S. & B.J. Moulds; 8 males, Eucla sand hills, 31°44’S 128°51’E, 14.xii.1995, M.S. & B.J. Moulds & K. Kopestonsky; 1 male, AU.WA.EUW, dunes ~ 8 km SW of Eucla, 31°43.321’S 128°50.857’E, 14 m, 22.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds (MSM). 1 male, 6 km E. of Eucla, 13.i.1998, P. Hutchinson, on Melaleuca, PMH Coll #CIC 0885; 1 female, Eucla, found dead, 20, xi.1996, P. Hutchinson, PMH Coll #CIC 0887 (PH). 1 male, AU.WA. NUE, same data as holotype (WAME 113432); 1 male, Eucla sand hills, 31°44’S 128°51’E, 14.xii.1995, M.S. & B.J. Moulds & K. Kopestonsky (WAME 113433); 1 male, 1 female, AU.WA.MAW, 24 km WSW of Madura, 31°55.788’S 126°46.737’E, 98 m, 21.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds (WAME 113434- 113435); 1 male, Eucla, Nullarbor Plain, 7.xii.1978, M.S. & B.J. Moulds (WAME 113436) (WAM). SOUTH AUSTRALIA : 5 males, 15 km N. Tailem Bend, 35°07’01”S 139°27’56”E, 21.x.2019, 35°[C], sunny/windy, on shrubs, A. Stolarski; 2 males, Pilepudla, near Yeltana Rd, 32°56’00”S 136°25’37”E, 18.x.2011, A. Stolarski; 1 male, Hincks CP, 33°52’04”S 135°53’44”E. 28.xi.2021, A. Stolarski; 1 male, 30 km E by N of Swan Reach, 34°30.909’S 139°54.934’E, Mark A. Hura (LP). 6 males, 1 female, 55 km E of WA/ SA border, Eyre Hwy, 25.i.1989, M.S. & B.J. Moulds; 1 male, AU. SA. MIN, 0.5 km SE of Minnipa, 32°51.932’S 135°09.696’E, 143 m, 5.ii.2009, K. Hill & D. Marshall, Simon Lab. voucher 09.AU. SA. MIN.01 (MSM). 2 males, 30 km E by N of Swan Reach, 34030.909 ’S, 139054.934 ’E, 14.x.2020, Mark A. Hura, 11:00 hrs, found calling from low bush, PMH Coll #CIC 0883, 0884; 2 males, 29 km ENE Kimba, 33°04’S, 136°43’E, 9.ix.2007, M. Hura, calling from dead branches on ground, PMH Coll #CIC 0886, 0888 (PH). VICTORIA: 1 male (genitalia prep. Q3), 18 km S Ouyen, 7.xii.1978, G. Daniels (MSM). 1 male (DNA voucher 04.AU. VI. MSP.01), Bambill South Rd, 20.5 km S. of Bambill, 74 m, 34°35.692’S, 141°29.845E, 02.iii.2004, J. Cooley, D. Marshall, K. Hill, M. Moulds, B. Moulds, S. Cowan (UCONN). Distribution and habitat (Figs 17b, 27). Drier regions of southern Western Australia between Eneabba and Eucla, in South Australia near the Western Australian border on the Eyre Highway, the Eyre Peninsula south from Minnipa, in the vicinity of the Murray River near Tailem Bend and Swan Reach (A. Stolarski), and in far northwestern Victoria near Ouyen (G. Daniels) and Bambill. Most records from Western Australia are from along the Eyre Highway between Balladonia and Eucla but there are also records from Lake Douglas near Kalgoorlie, Ravensthorpe, Peak Charles (L.W. Popple) as well as near Eneabba south of Geraldton. Adults frequent low dense shrubs growing in harsh environments. There are records from mid September to late February. Adult description. Male (Figs 2, 17a). Head black; a small pale yellow patch between supra-antennal plate and eye, and a less distinct dull yellow spot on posterior midline. Postclypeus black with the lateral margins partially indistinct dull yellow, and a pale yellow spot at most anterior part. Anteclypeus black, sometimes with a dull yellow mark. Rostrum dark brown to black; reaching to near apices of mid coxae. Thorax dark brown and black. Pronotum predominantly dark brown with a dull pale yellow dorsal midline terminating in a black spot at pronotal collar. Mesonotum with submedian and lateral sigilla black; usually one or two brown or dull yellow patches anterior of cruciform elevation; cruciform elevation brown with black between arms. Metanotum brown. Forewings hyaline; venation accentuated by very narrow dark brown to blackish edging; apical cells 3–6 mostly a little shorter than ulnar cells; basal cell opaque dull white; basal membrane bright orange or reddish. Hindwings with veins RP and M with a very long fused stem; venation mostly pale on basal half and black on distal half; plaga brown becoming white distally, reaching to distal end of vein 3A. Legs brown to dull yellow with black linear fascia on femora; meracantha pale yellow. Opercula pale dull yellow lightly suffused with black except for base (remnant of epimeron 3). Abdomen with tergites predominantly black; tergites with a narrow, dark brown posterior margin, often confined to segments 3–7. Sternite II mainly dull pale yellow, sternites II–VIII with varying degrees of dull yellow suffusion usually most extensive on III, VII and VIII. Timbals as in generic description above. Male genitalia (Figs 28a–d). See generic description above. Female. Similar to male.Abdominal sternites dull pale yellow with a broad, diffused, black midline; Abdominal segment 9 short, about as long as wide; black with a broad pale yellow ventral margin; apical spine black. Ovipositor sheath dark brown to black, not projecting beyond apical spine. Measurements. Range and mean (in mm) for 10 males, 5 females (includes smallest and largest specimens). Length of body (including head): male 13.0–15.8 (14.2); female (including ovipositor) 14.4–15.7 (15.0). Length of forewing: male 11.5–13.7 (12.7); female 13.7–14.6 (14.0). Width of head (including eyes): male 3.8–4.7 (4.2); female 4.4–4.7 (4.5). Width of pronotum (across lateral angles): male 4.3–5.2 (4.8); female 5.0–5.5 (5.2). Distinguishing features. Differs from all other species by the distinguishing features listed in the generic description above. Song (Figs 29a–d). Recordings were examined from the holotype locality and the WA. BAL, SA. MIN, and VI. MSP paratype locations. The male calling song consists of trains of pulses or clicks (often doublets, as shown) that oscillate between faster and slower pulse rates, at about 5–7 oscillations per s. Pulse rates vary from approximately 50–100/s. These trains are occasionally punctuated by single 0.03– 0.05 s syllables preceded and followed by short silent gaps of about 0.02– 0.06 s duration. The isolated short syllables contain clicks produced at the faster rate, sometimes with one ending click or doublet isolated from the rest. The beginning of a song may contain a warming-up section lasting many seconds in which the clicks are produced at a steady rate. The sound spectrum is broad with most sound energy contained within the range 11–18 kHz and with a peak intensity at around 14 kHz. There is little to no frequency modulation. The fundamental clicks vary considerably in form across recordings. Despite its complex structure, the song of Pedana hesperia is strikingly similar to species of Calipsalta gen. n., as discussed in the section on C. fumosa sp. n. below. When finger-snaps or mouth-clicks are produced immediately after the short syllables, males move toward the responder, indicating that females probably produce wing-flick replies after these song elements. One male was captured from a perch less than 10 cm above the ground.Published as part of Moulds, Max & Marshall, David C., 2022, New genera and new species of Western Australian cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae), pp. 451-507 in Zootaxa 5174 (5) on pages 466-469, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5174.5.1, http://zenodo.org/record/698655
Calipsalta fumosa Moulds & Marshall 2022, sp. n.
No full textCalipsalta fumosa sp. n. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 4035BE4C-9F12-4AD0-BF37-2A34BA62657D (Figs 9, 42–44) Etymology. From the Latin adjective fumosus meaning smoky and pertaining to the smoky infuscation on the subapical forewing. Types. Holotype male (Simon Lab voucher 06.AU.WA.OPH.06), 67 km NW of Newman, 702 m, Western Australia, 23°08.264’S 119°11.021’E, 12.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds (WAME 113461) (WAM). Paratypes as follows: WESTERN AUSTRALIA : 1 male (Simon Lab voucher 06.AU.WA. CAP.06), 13 km SE of Newman, 568 m, 23°31.091’S 119°46.216’E, 12.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 1 male, AU.WA.KSC, ~ 210 km S of Newman, 559 m, 25°01.126’S 119°24.560’E, 13.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 1 male, AU.WA.KRR, Kiwirrkurra, at Len Beadell Truck [a monument], 430 m, 22°45.716’S 127°45.716’E, 24.i.2015, D. Marshall; 1 female, 40 km W of Warburton, 26°13’S 126°19’E, 29.xii.1995, M.S. & B.J. Moulds & K.A. Kopestonsky (MSM). NORTHERN TERRITORY: 2 males, 3 females, 70 km E of The Three Ways, nr Tennant Creek township, 21.i,1984, M.S. & B.J. Moulds (AMS). 1 male, 32 km S by E of Alice Springs, 23°59’S 133°56’E, 23.ix.1978, M.S. Upton (ANIC). 2 males, 2 females, 70 km E of The Three Ways, nr Tennant Creek township, 21.i.1984, M.S. & B.J. Moulds (DE). 1 male, AU.NT. ESJ, 48 km E of Shaw Ck on Tjukaruru Road, 579 m, 25°7.254’S 130°11.602’E, 21.i.2015, D. Marshall; 1 male (Simon Lab voucher 06.AU.NT. BHW.02), 66 km NW of Barkly Hmstd, 237 m, 19°23.663’S 135°18.720’E, 30.1.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 1 male (Simon Lab voucher 10.AU.NT. ULG.01), ~ 2 km W of Ayres Rock, 535 m, 25°21.112’S 131°00.580’E, 1.ii.2010, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 1 male, AU.NT. KIV, 10 km W of rd to Kintore on Gary Junction Road, 436 m, 23°11.384’S 129°17.765’E, 24.i.2015, D. Marshall; 1 male, AU.NT. ELB, 230 km W Papunya, 13 km E of Sandy Blight Trck Jct, 485 m, 23°11.752’S 129°41.099’E, 24.i.2015, D. Marshall; 21 males, 35 females, 70 km E of The Three Ways, nr Tennant Creek township, 21.i.1984, M.S. & B.J. Moulds; 1 male, 20 females, junction Tablelands & Barkly Hwys, 21.xii.1986, M.S. & B.J. Moulds; 2 females, Yalara Resort, Ayers Rock, 2.ii.1984, M.S. & B.J. Moulds (MSM). 2 males, 2 females, 70 km E of The Three Ways, nr Tennant Creek township, 21.i.1984, M.S. & B.J. Moulds (LP). 2 males, 2 females, 70 km E of The Three Ways, nr Tennant Creek township, 21.i. 1984, M.S. & B.J. Moulds (PH). 2 males, 2 females, 70 km E of The Three Ways, nr Tennant Creek township, 21.i.1984, M.S. & B.J. Moulds (WAME 113462-113465) (WAM). SOUTH AUSTRALIA : 1 female, 27.34S 134.07E, Wintinna H.S. (Wintinna Ck), 16.i.1982, Rentz, D.C.F. & B.G.F. & Honeycutt, R., stop 4 (ANIC). 1 female, Stuart Hwy, 56 km S of N. T. border, 4.ii.1984, M.S. & B.J. Moulds (MSM). Distribution and habitat (Fig. 42). Arid inland regions of Western Australia, Northern Territory and South Australia. Records from Western Australia fall between the Newman district to the west and Warburton and Kiwirrkurra to the east. It is widespread across the southern half of the Northern Territory with records from along the Barkly Highway in the north to Uluru (Ayers Rock) in the south. There are just two records from South Australia, one 56 km south of the Northern Territory border on the Stuart Highway, the other a little further south at Wintinna Homestead. Adults are found from late December to early February but probably occur at other times after heavy rains during warmer months of the year. They inhabit shrubland/grassland often with spinifex present, though males were only observed singing from herbaceous plants. Adult description. Male (Figs 9, 43). Light green, but often tending partly or entirely yellow or light brownish on discoloured dried specimens. Head, including postclypeus and anteclypeus, light green; antennae brown except for partly green scape; rostrum brown, reaching to about mid length of mid coxae. Thorax light green, the mesonotum with submedian and lateral sigilla, pale brown to varying extent. Forewing venation green becoming black distally, with infuscations overlaying crossveins r to r-m and apical cell 1; basal membrane orange. Hindwing venation green becoming black on distal half, without infuscations; plaga white. Legs light green with tarsi tending pale greenish brown; meracanthus short, broad, similar in colour to opercula. Opercula pale yellowish, almost colourless. Abdomen green except for pale yellowish brown sternite VIII. Timbals with cavity broadly rounded along posterior margin; with three long ribs spanning the the timbal membrane and joined at their dorsal ends, and usually one or two short ribs in anterior membrane. Male genitalia (Figs 43a–d). Pygofer green; basal lobes well developed but in lateral view mostly hidden; upper lobes broad, near an equilateral triangle, directed slightly upwards, apex bluntly pointed; dorsal beak very wide and confluent with pygofer margin. Claspers in lateral view broad, gently curved along upper margin, less so along ventral margin, bluntly pointed, with a wide overhanging rim along upper margin; in ventral view broad, tapering to a bluntly pointed apex, barely diverging along their inner margins near apex. Aedeagus trifid, the pseudoparameres long (much longer than length of thecal shaft), pointed, diverging distally in dorsal view; ventral support moderately developed (shorter than half length of pseudoparameres). Basal plate in dorsal view gently incurved across distal margin with rounded ‘ears’ slightly back-turned. Female. Similar to male. Green becoming pale orange ventrally. Ovipositor sheath distally pale green, terminating about level with anal styles and dorsal beak. Measurements. Range and mean (in mm) for 10 males, 10 females (includes smallest and largest of available specimens). Length of body (including head): male 16.8–19.7 (18.1); female (including ovipositor) 16.3–21.5 (19.2). Length of forewing: male 18.5–21.4 (20.0); female 18.0–22.9 (21.1). Width of head (including eyes): male 5.1–5.5 (5.4); female 4.9–5.9 (5.5). Width of pronotum (across lateral angles): male 6.1–7.0 (6.4); female 5.8–7.2 (6.6). Distinguishing features. Light green cicadas in life. The forewing is lightly infuscated subapically, the venation is green becoming black distally, and the rostrum reaches about mid length of mid coxae. The male genitalia have pseudoparameres that are much longer than the length of the thecal shaft and a ventral support that is shorter than half the length of the pseudoparameres. The female ovipositor sheath is green in life and terminates about level with the anal styles and caudal beak. Calipsalta fumosa sp. n. can be distinguished from the closely similar C. viridans sp. n. by its infuscated forewings (lacking in C. viridans). Discoloured individuals of C. fumosa that have turned brown after death might be confused with C. brunnea sp. n. but can be distinguished by their pale forewing costa that is dark brown to black in C. brunnea. This species is morphologically very similar to Cicadetta sp. F of Ewart & Popple (2001) and Ewart (2009), but distinguishable by its song (see below). Song (Figs 44a–d). Recordings were examined from the type locality and the following paratype localities: NT.BHW, NT.ELB, NT.ESJ, NT.KIV, NT.ULG, and WA.KRR. The calling song consists of a train of sharp clicks or doublets that oscillates between slower and faster click rates at about 4.4–7.2 cycles/s and ends, after a brief silent gap of 0.03– 0.04 s, with an isolated syllable lasting about 0.03 s. Click rates vary from 100–30/s. Phrases may last longer than a minute. Most sound energy is found within the range 9–16 kHz, with a peak around 12 kHz. There is no frequency modulation. This song of Calipsalta fumosa is remarkably similar to that of Pedana hesperia sp. n., which it substantially overlaps in all song parameters that we have measured. A more detailed study should examine the sharpness of the transition between slow and fast pulse rates, which may be reduced in Pedana. Calipsalta fumosa can be distinguished from its two congeners by the rate of oscillation between fast- and slow-pulse sections, which is slower in C. viridans sp. n. and faster in C. brunnea sp. n. Males call both during the day and at dusk. The morphologically similar “ Cicadetta sp. F ” described by Ewart & Popple (2001) and Ewart (2009) oscillates between fast- and slow-click song sections at about twice the rate of C. fumosa, approximately 12.5 cycles/s.Published as part of Moulds, Max & Marshall, David C., 2022, New genera and new species of Western Australian cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae), pp. 451-507 in Zootaxa 5174 (5) on pages 486-488, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5174.5.1, http://zenodo.org/record/698655
Ewartia adusta Moulds & Marshall 2022, sp. n.
No full textEwartia adusta sp. n. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 684EA9C0-1857-482C-AD31-688D55A8914B (Figs 5, 18, 39–41) Synonymy. ‘sporty cicada’ Marshall et al. 2016: text-fig. 2. Etymology. From the Latin adjective adustus meaning burnt colour, browned, tanned, and referring to the orange brown and black colour of this species suggestive of it having survived extreme heat where it occurs through some of the hottest and driest parts of Australia. Types. Holotype male, AU.WA.MES, 10 km S of Meekatharra on Great Northern Hwy, Western Australia, 26°41.008’S 118°27.202’E, 484 m, 14.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds (WAME 113460) (WAM). Paratypes as follows: WESTERN AUSTRALIA : 1 male, 2 females, AU. WA. CAP, ~ 3 km S of Capricorn Rdhouse. 17 km S of Marble Bar rd on Great N. Hwy, 23°31.091’S 119°46.216’E, 12.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds (AMS). 2 males, Ophthalmia Dam turnoff, Nullagine, Marble Bar Rd, Pilbara, iii.2009, P. Hutchinson; 1 female, Cathedral Gorge, 18 km W Newman, 5.iii.2004, P. Hutchinson; 1 female, Gaseoyne R., Sth Branch, 146 km N Meekatharra, 14.iii.2015, P. Hutchinson (DE). 1 male, AU. WA.TNC, 11.5 km N of Cue, 431 m, 27°20.267’S 117°56.566’E, 18.ii.2009, K. Hill & D. Marshall; 1 female, AU. WA. CAP, ~ 3 km S of Capricorn Rdhouse. 17 km S of Marble Bar rd on Great N. Hwy, 23°31.091’S 119°46.216’E, 12.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 1 male. 7.8 km SSE of Menzies, 29.75448°S 121.05988°E, 22.ii.2016, Hand coll., D. Marshall & L. Popple; 1 female, 94.4 km SE of Meekatharra, 27.25761°S 118.95301°E, 24.ii.2016, at light, D. Marshall & L. Popple; 4 males, 2 females, 23.5 km SW of Kumarina, 24.8739°S 119.46872°E, 25.ii.2016, D. Marshall & L. Popple, at light; 1 female, 94.4 km NNE. Of Newman, 22.66754°S 119.94951°E, 26.ii.2016, D. Marshall & L. Popple, at light (LP). 1 male, 10 females, AU. WA. DEH, De Grey R xing, Shay Gap Rd, ~ 85 km NNE of Marble Bar, 20°37.279’S 120°04.226’E, 17.i.2010, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 2 males, AU. WA.GIB, Gibb River Rd, ~ 81 km E of Derby Hwy, 17°26.566’S 124°24.657’E, 19.i.2010, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 1 female, AU. WA.WWG, Muccan Shay Gap Rd, ~ 60 km NE of Marble Bar, 20°50.906’S, 120°02.635’E, 17.i.2010, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 6 females, AU. WA.HOU, House Ck, ~ 60 km E of Nanutarra roadhouse, 22°27.970’S 116°02.240’E, 13.ii.2009, Hill Marshall, Moulds; 7 males, 1 female, AU. WA.TNC, 11.5 km N of Cue, 431 m, 27°20.267’S 117°56.566’E, 18.ii.2009, K. Hill & D. Marshall; 1 male, AU. WA.COC, 12.5 km W of Coolgardie, 30°58.321’S 121°02.55’E, 418 m, 22.ii.2009, K. Hill & D. Marshall; 1 male, 1 female, AU. WA. NIC, Nickol River crossing, W of Roebourne, 20°46.225’S 116°56.805’E, 16.ii.2009, K. Hill, D. Marshall; 3 males, 2 females, AU. WA. NSF (includes Simon Lab. vouchers 06AU. WA. NSF.01, 06AU. WA. NSF.02, 06AU. WA. NSF.09, 06AU. WA. NSF.10), 5 km NE of Sandfire Roadhouse, 19º46.262’S 121º08.666’E, 15 m, 9.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 1 male, AU. WA.SFS, 18 km W of Sandfire Roadhouse, 19º49.657’S 120º56.002’E, 30 m, 9.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 1 male, 3 females, AU. WA. SFC, 74 km W of Sandfire Roadhouse on Great Northern Hwy, 19°55.828’S 120°25.082’E, 30 m, 9.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 1 male, AU. WA.WPR, 147 km ENE of Port Headland, 20º04.940’S 119º46.205’E, 14 m, 10.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 3 females, AU. WA.YAN, ~ 110 km S of Port Hedland, 21°14.911’S 118°41.795’E, 177 m, 10.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 3 males, AU. WA.PCS, Pinga Ck South, 300 km N of Newman [on Great Northern Hwy], 21°29.889’S 118°43.935’E, 222 m, 11.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 3 females, AU. WA.MUN, 261 km S of Port Hedland, 22°22.849’S 118°41.484’E, 475 m, 11.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 1 male, 2 females, AU. WA.HAM, 291 km S of Port Hedland, 22°37.771’S 118°42.106’E, 707 m, 11.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 1 male, 1 female, AU. WA.EMM, 45 km E of Mt Magnet, 28°11.328’S 118°17.020’E, 457 m, 16.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 2 males, AU. WA. OPH, 67 km NW of Newman, 23°08.264’S 119°11.021’E, 702 m, 12.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 1 male, AU. WA.OPS, 19 km NW of Newman on Great Northern Hwy, 23°15.204’S 119°36.350’E, 629 m, 12.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 5 males, 15 females, AU. WA. CAP, ~ 3 km S of Capricorn Rdhouse. 17 km S of Marble Bar rd on Great N. Hwy, 23°31.091’S 119°46.216’E, 12.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 2 males, AU. WA.KSC, ~ 210 km S of Newman, 25°01.126’S 119°24.560’E, 559 m, 13.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 1 male, AU. WA.MRN, 56 km N of Meekatharra on Great Northern Hwy, 26°07.835’S 118°41.685’E, 489 m, 14.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 2 males (one genitalia prep. EW1), 10 females, AU. WA.MES, 10 km S of Meekatharra on Great Northern Hwy, 26°41.008’S 118°27.202’E, 484 m, 14.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 1 male,AU. WA.TUC, 42 km NE of Cue on Great Northern Hwy, 27°06.630’S 118°06.537’E, 494 m, 15.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 5 females, AU. WA.SOC, 45 km S of Cue on Great Northern Hwy, 27°47.610’S 117°55.248’E, 436 m, 15.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 1 male, AU. WA.NWL, 9 km W of Leinster, 27°58.407’S 120°38.230’E, 527m, 17.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 1 male, AU. WA.ALL, 37 km E of Leonora, 28°53.043’S 121°40.895’E, 401 m, 18.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 3 females, AU. WA.LLC, 94 km S of turnoff to Leinster, 36.5 km N of Leonora, 28°34.856’S 121°11.941’E, 427 m, 18.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 3 males, WAU. VIC, Queen Victoria Rock, 31°17’S 120°56’E, 17.i.2003, Moulds, Hill, Marshall & Vanderpool; 1 male, 47 km W of Yalgoo, 11.ii.2001, M. Powell & D. Knowles; 1 male, 1 female, Ashburton Rv, Nanutarra, 7.iii.2004, P. Hutchinson; 2 males, 10 km N of Kookynie, 10.ii.2006, M. Hanlon & M. Powell; 1 female, 11 km W of Yellowdine, 20.x.2006, on Eremophila bush, T. M. Hanlon & M. Powell; 1 male, 5 females, Cathedral Gorge, 18 km W Newman, 5.iii.2004, P. Hutchinson; 2 males, 4 females, Ashburton Rv., Nanutarra, 7.iii.2004, P. Hutchinson; 1 male, 1 female, Milly Soak, 16 km N Cue, 28.i.2000, P. Hutchinson; 1 female, 30 km E of Yalgoo, 11.ii.2001, M. Powell & D. Knowles; 1 male, Fortescue, 21.ii.1985, K. & E. Carnaby; 1 female, Marble Bar, 27.ii.1973, Gordon R. Jones; 1 male, 1 female, 53 km S Minilya, 17.iii.1994, M. Golding; 2 males, 2 females, Rocky Pool, 42 km E Carnarvon, 5.iii.2008, P. Hutchinson; 1 male, 3 females, 17 km ENE of Agnew, 27°59’S 120°41’E, 17.i.1989, M.S. & B.J. Moulds; 1 male, 3 females, 55 km ESE of Mount Magnet, 18.i.1989, M.S. & B.J. Moulds; 8 males, 6 females, 110 km S of Mount Magnet, 19.i.1989, M.S. & B.J. Moulds; 2 females, Lake Douglas, 12 km SW of Kalgoorlie, 13.i.1989; M.S. & B.J. Moulds; 6 females, Leonora, 15.i.1989, M.S. & B.J. Moulds; 1 male, W. Peawah River, 90 km SW of Port Hedland, K. & E. Carnaby; 1 female, N. Sandfire Flat, 24.ii.1985, K. & E. Carnaby; 1 female, Sherlock River, 22.ii.1985, K. & E. Carnaby (MSM). 2 males, 1 female, Milly Soak, 16 km N Cue; 28,29. i.2006, P. Hutchinson, to light, PMH Coll #CIC 2374, 2355, 2403; 8 males, 11 females, Rocky Pool, 42 km E Carnarvon, 5.iii.2008, P. Hutchinson, on Acacia, PMH Coll # Cic 2379, 2378, 2382, 2383, 2386, 2387, 2370, 2369, 2375, 2388, 2372, 2371, 2389, 2391, 2392, 2393, 2400, 2401, 2405, 2399, 2402; 2 females, Rocky Pool, 42 km E Carnarvon, 5.iii.2008, P. Hutchinson, to light, PMH Coll #CIC 2399, 2402. 1 female, Gascoyne Rv. Sth Br., 146 km N Meekatharra, 12.iii.2011, P. Hutchinson, on Acacia, PMH Coll #CIC 2376. 7 females, Cathedral Gorge, 18 km W Newman, 5.iii.2004, P. Hutchinson, to light, PMH Coll #CIC 2377, 2380, 2384, 2385, 2390, 2397, 2398. 3 females, Ashburton Rv., Nanutarra, 7.iii.2004, P. Hutchinson, to light, PMH Coll #CIC 2381, 2394, 2404; 2 females, 23 km S of Menzies, 6.ii.2006, P. Hutchinson, on Acacia, PMH Coll #CIC 2361, 2395; 2 males, 3 females, 10 km W of Menzies, 5.ii.2006, P. Hutchinson, to light, PMH Coll #CIC 2363, 2354, 2396, 2365, 2357; 2 males, 2 females, 25 km E of Pindar, 3.i.2011, M. Hanlon & M. Powell, in Acacia scrub, PMH Coll #CIC 2364, 2365, 2366, 2368; 1 female, 26 km E of Pindar, 23.i.2011, M. Hanlon & M. Powell, on Acacia leaves, PMH Coll #CIC 2367. 1 male, 1 female, Camel Soak, Perenjori –Rothsay Rd, 16.ii.2021, P. Kay, to mv light, PMH Coll #CIC 2362, 2373. 3 females, 10 km N of Mt Magnet, 5,7. iii.2006, P. Hutchinson, to light, PMH Coll #CIC 2358, 2359, 2360 (PH). 1 male, 1 female, 23.5 km SW of Kumarina, 24.8739°S 119.46872°E, 25.ii.2016, D. Marshall & L. Popple, at light (QM). 1 male, AU. WA. OPH, 67 km NW of Newman, 23°08.264’S 119°11.021’E, 702 m, 12.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 1 male, WAU. VIC, Queen Victoria Rock, 31°17’S 120°56’E, 17.i.2003, Moulds, Hill, Marshall & Vanderpool (UCONN). 2 females, Wurarga, ii.67, A. Douglas, WAM Entomology Reg. nos 73205, 73206, 73207, 73208; 1 female, 37-336, Canegrass, A.M. Douglas, WAM Entomology Reg. no. 73209; 1 male, 7.5 km SE Banjiwarn HS, 27°42’S 121°37’E, 22–28.ii.1980, T.F. Houston et al., 316-2, ex aggregation in Acacia tree, WAM, Dept. of Biological Survey site BW Camp, WAM Collection 88/1413, WAM Entomology Reg. no. 73210; 1 female, 7.5 km SE Banjiwarn HS, 27°42’S 121°37’E, 22–28.ii.1980, T.F. Houston et al., 316-2, ex aggregation in Acacia tree, WAM, Dept. of Biological Survey site BW Camp, WAM Entomology Reg. no. 73211, Barcode of Life DNA voucher specimen Sample CCD-27057-E12 Bold Proc. ID WAM A630-15; 1 male, 1 female, 7.5 km SE Banjiwarn HS, 27°42’S 121°37’E, 22–28.ii.1980 T.F. Houston et al., 316-2, ex aggregation in Acacia tree, WAM, Dept. of Biological Survey site BW Camp, WAM Collection 88/1412 & 88/1411, WAM Entomology Reg. nos 73212 & 73215; 1 male, 1 female, 7.5 km SE Banjiwarn HS, 27°42’S 121°37’E, 22–28.ii.1980 T. F. Houston et al., 316-2, ex Aggregation in Acacia tree, WAM, Dept. of Biological Survey site BW Camp, WAM Entomology Reg. nos 73213, 73214; 1 female, 7.5 km SE Banjiwarn HS, 27°42’S 121°37’E, 22–28.ii.1980, T.F. Houston et al., 316-2, ex aggregation in Acacia tree, WAM, Dept. of Biological Survey site BW Camp, WAM Collection 88/1410, WAM Entomology Reg. no. 73215, Barcode of Life DNA voucher specimen Sample CCD-27057-E11 Bold Proc. ID WAM A629- 15; 1 female, 3.75 km NE of Comet Vale siding, 29°57’S 121°07’E, 7–15.iii.1979, T.F. Houston et al., 256-8, at light at night, WAM Entomology Reg. no. 73217; 1 male, 13.8 km ENE of Comet Vale siding, 29°57’S 121°07’E, 7– 15.iii.1979, T. F. Houston et al., 256-8; 1 female, Cathedral Gorge, 18 km W Newman, 5.iii.2004, to light, P. Hutchinson (WAM). NORTHERN TERRITORY: 2 males, 1 female, Mt Ebenezer Rdhse, 250 km W Alice Springs, 25°10.774’S 132°40.632’E, 10.xii.2005, D. Freier (DE). 1 male, 1 female, Mt Ebenezer Rdhse, 250 km W Alice Springs, 25°10.774’S 132°40.632’E, 10.xii.2005, D. Freier, flew to lights (LP). 1 female, AU. NT. LJB, Luritja Road, 19 km N of Lasseter Hwy, 25°02.849’S 132°15.634’E, 1.ii.2010, Hill, Marshall, Moulds; 2 males, AU. NT.ERL, ~ 5 km S of Erldunda Roadhouse, 69.5 km N of Kulgera on Stuart Hwy, 25º14.026’S 133º12.231’E, 403 m, 29.i.2007, D. Marshall, K. Hill; 1 male, 1 female, AU. NT.MKG, 84.4 km S of Stuart Well on Stuart Hwy, 24º58.744’S 133º11.743’E, 410 m, 1.ii.2007, K. Hill, D. Marshall; 2 males, (1 Simon Lab. voucher 07.AU. NT. SAB.04), just N of the SA / NT border, on Stuart Hwy, 25º59.835’S 133º11.811’E, 527 m, 29.i.2007, K. Hill & D. Marshall, 1 female, Ayers Rock, 3.ii.1984, M.S. & B.J. Moulds; 1 female, Henbury Meteorite Craters, 140 km SW of Alice Springs, 30.i.1984, M.S. & B.J. Moulds (MSM). SOUTH AUSTRALIA : 1 male, AU. SA.SUN, 27 km [S] of NT border on Stuart Hwy, 461 m, 26°13.963’S 133°11.228’E, 28.i.2015, D. Marshall; 2 males, 1 female, 17 km S of Chandler railway siding, 5.ii.1984, M.S. & B.J. Moulds; 1 male, 1 female, 6 km S of Wintinna Hsd, 5.ii.1984, M.S. & B.J. Moulds (MSM). QUEENSLAND: 1 male, 1 female, 3 km E of Charleville, 26°24’S 146°16’E, 15.iii.1990, Edwards & Fisk (ANIC). 1 male, AU.QL.MVN, ~ 13 km NNW of Morven, 26º20.611’S 147º00.535’E, 400 m, 9. ii.2008, K. Hill, D. Marshall, M. Moulds, C. Owen, M. Humphrey, Simon Lab. voucher 08.AU.QL.MVN.06 (MSM). Aural and audio records (without vouchers). WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 09.AU.WA.PBB, 148.7 km E of Northwest Coastal Hwy on road to Tom Price, 22º50.976’S 116º43.837’E, 253 m, 14.ii.2009, K. Hill, D. Marshall, audio only; 06.AU.WA.GOL, 1 km NE of the Pardoo River, 40.8 km SW of Pardoo Roadhouse on Great Northern Hwy. NE of Goldsworthy (abandoned town), 20º16.770’S 119º31.278’E, 38 m, 10.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds, aural only; 06.AU.WA.PHJ, Port Hedland, N of town centre on side of main road in unused, junky weedy land, 20º19.033’S 118º37.334’E, 9 m, 10.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds, aural only; 06.AU.WA.PHT, ~ 20 km S of Port Hedland, 13 km N of the Turner River on Great Northern Hwy, 20º26.008’S 118º33.317’E, 16 m, 10.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds, aural only; 06.AU.WA.MJN, ~ 221 km N of Newman, 31 km N of Munjina Roadhouse on Great Northern Hwy, 22º08.097’S 118º47.270’E, 464 m, 11.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds, aural only; 06.AU.WA.ROB, Rest area at Mt Robinson on Great Northern Hwy, 108 km NW of Newman, 23º02.691’S 118º51.004’E, 752 m, 12.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds, aural only; 06.AU.WA.MRS, Near Mt Robinson on Great Northern Hwy, 112 km NW of Newman, 23º03.386’S 118º51.977’E, 744 m, 12.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds, aural only; 06.AU. WA.LAV, 1.7 km W of Laverton on road to Leonora, 28º36.644’S 122º23.890’E, 454 m, 18.ii.2006, Hill, Marshall, Moulds, aural only; 09.AU.WA.NTE, 3.4 km E of Northwest Coastal Hwy on road to Tom Price, 22º30.038’S 115º32.792’E, 91 m, 13.ii.2009, K. Hill, D. Marshall, aural only; 09.AU.WA.NEN, 34 km N of Newman, 23º13.758’S 119º29.423’E, 708 m, 17.ii.2009, K. Hill, D. Marshall, aural only; 10.AU.WA.SHY, Shay Gap, jct with railway line, ~ 43 km N of Warrawagine Rd on Shay Gap Rd. ~ 103 km NNE of Marble Bar, 20º32.123’S 120º10.367’E, 147 m, 18.i.2010, Hill, Marshall, Moulds, aural only. NORTHERN TERRITORY: 10.AU.NT.MLE, Gintys Lookout, 27 km NE of Kings Canyon Resort on Mereenie Loop Road, 24º03.658’S 131º24.505’E, 772 m, 31.i.2010, Hill, Marshall, Moulds, audio only; 10.AU.NT.ULH, NW side of Uluru/Ayers Rock, 25º20.454’S, 131º01.393’E, 518 m, 1.ii.2010, Hill, Marshall, Moulds, audio only. SOUTH AUSTRALIA: 07.AU.SA.MRA, Marryat Rest Area at Agnes Ck, Stuart Hwy. ~ 75 km S of SA/NT border, 26º38.308’S 133º16.713’E, 400 m, 1.ii.2007, D. Marshall & K. Hill, aural only. QUEENSLAND: 08.AU.QL.SAB, 9.7 km S of Barcaldine on the Landsborough Hwy, 23º38.958’S 145º16.915’E, 265 m, 7.ii.2008, K. Hill, D. Marshall, C. Owen, M. Moulds, M. Humphrey, aural only. Distribution and habitat (Figs 18b, 39). Throughout much of the western half of Western Australia south from near Derby to the Perth and Coolgardie districts, in the Northern Territory south of the Western McDonnell Ranges to just over the border into South Australia, and in Queensland from near Barcaldine, Charleville and Morven. There are many records from Western Australia south from Sandfire, the most southern records being Queen Victoria Rock some 45 km south-west of Coolgardie, while the most inland records are Agnew and Laverton. Records from the Northern Territory are clustered together in the south-western corner of the state including Uluru (Ayers Rock) and Gintys Lookout near Kings Canyon and Henbury Meteorite Crater. From South Australia there are records from along the Stuart Highway south to Wintinna. The distribution of the species is probably continuous across inland central Australia but lacks records from the Gibson and Great Victoria Deserts. Adults are mostly found in Acacia trees and have been recorded from late October to mid March but their appearance largely follows good rainfall. Adult description. Male (Figs 18a, 40). Head black, usually with supra-antennal plates partly or entirely yellowish or orange brown and often a spot of similar colour on posterior midline; eyes red in life. Postclypeus black with yellowish or orange brown margin ventrally; sometimes with an anterior spot of similar colour that occasionally extends to dorsal surface. Anteclypeus black. Rostrum black sometimes with brown basally; reaching apices of mid coxae. Thorax with pronotum orange brown, rarely tending black, with a black fascia either side of an orange brown dorsal midline expanded laterally at anterior end and at posterior end tending circular with an angular projection either side; pronotal collar orange brown with a black anterior margin dorsally. Mesonotum yellowish or orange brown but dominated by black submedian and lateral sigilla and a black dorsal midline outwardly angled to incorporate scutal depressions; cruciform elevation dark brown to black except for yellowish or orange brown arms. Metanotum yellowish or orange brown. Wings hyaline. Forewing venation black; a bold zigzag subapical infuscation overlying crossveins r and r-m and that part of vein RP joining them; lesser infuscation along vein RA 2 and along ambient vein and distal ends of veins forming apical cells 1–7; basal cell hyaline; basal membrane orange. Hindwing venation pale brown; without infuscations; plaga white, inconspicuous. Legs orange brown; fore coxae black on outer face; fore and mid femora blackish on inner lateral surface; meracantha pale yellow, long, reaching to mid length of opercula. Opercula pale yellow with blackish base; reaching distal margin of tympanal cavity but far from meeting each other; raised along outer lateral margin leaving a wide opening between operculum and tympanal cavity on outer half. Abdomen with tergites black with orange or yellowish markings; tergite 2 with a broad orange posterior margin confined to dorsal and subdorsal region and usually interrupted at dorsal midline; tergites 3–7 with narrow orange posterior margins usually extending to sternite but usually interrupted at dorsal midline; tergite 8 similarly marked but the orange variable in width from narrow to very broad. Sternites orange or yellowish with a broad black midline usually reaching to sternite VII where it contracts distally and fails to reach the distal margin; sternite VIII orange or yellowish usually with a diffused black parch on basal midline. Timbal cavity rounded along posterior margin. Timbals with four long ribs spanning the the timbal membrane, the posterior three fused dorsally; spaced with short intermediate ribs; anterior of timbal membrane mostly occupied by ribs. Male genitalia (Figs 40a–b). Pygofer black to dark brown with dull orange or brownish on basal and upper lobes and a diffused patch of similar colour against margin between upper lobe and dorsal beak; basal lobes large, in lateral view broadly rounded; upper lobes similar in size to basal lobes but narrower, tapering; claspers with apices bluntly rounded (not bi-lobed). Aedeagus with pseudoparameres barely curved in lateral view, curved inwards subapically in dorsal view. Female (Fig. 5). Similar to male.Abdominal segment 9 short, in dorsal view only a little longer than wide; black with a broad orange ventral margin and an orange patch below a black dorsal beak. Ovipositor sheath black, not projecting beyond dorsal beak. Measurements. Range and mean (in mm) for 10 males, 10 females (includes smallest and largest specimens). Length of body (including head): male 14.4–18.0 (16.0); female (including ovipositor) 15.0–19.4 (17.7). Length of forewing: male 17.0–21.2 (18.9); female 18.8–24.3 (20.8). Width of head (including eyes): male 4.8–6.0 (5.2); female 5.1–6.1 (5.7). Width of pronotum (across lateral angles): male 5.0–6.1 (5.4); female 5.2–6.4 (5.9). Distinguishing features. Distinguished from all other species by having, in combination, forewing veins M and CuA fused for a length equal to at least the length of the basal cell, the forewings infuscated on crossveins r and r-m, and in having dominating black sigilla on the mesonotum with the black extending to the cruciform elevation. The male genitalia are closely similar to other Ewartia species and not particularly useful for separating closely allied species. Song (Figs 41a–f). Recordings were examined from the WA. LAV, WA. MRS, WA. NSF, WA. PBB, WA. SHY, WA. VIC, NT. LJB, and NT.ULH paratype locations, along with additional sites in Western Australia and Northern Territory. Ewartia males exhibit two calling song modes, a complex song and a simple song (see Popple 2017b). Each mode can be continued for extended periods. Two song modes are also produced in Ewartia adusta sp. n. Both vary considerably in form within a single male’s song. Most of the recordings obtained here contained only the simple song mode. Based on the limited available sample, the main section of the complex song (Figs 41a–c) consists of a phrase lasting approximately 1.5–3 s that contains approximately 2–5 repeated echemes and concludes with a modified echeme that ends with a short isolated syllable that probably serves as a cue for a receptive female to reply (the “accentuated” syllable of Popple 2017b). Each echeme other than the final one consists of a long (0.2– 0.5 s) syllable followed by a series of short syllables that gradually decrease and then increase in repetition rate (from about 25–50 syllables/s). Near the end of these echemes, the short syllables begin to coalesce and may form an intermediate-length syllable. In the final echeme, the short syllables do not increase in rate at the end, and instead the isolated cueing syllable is produced. The final echeme is sometimes considerably shortened, and the whole phrase can be preceded by a series of short syllables that vary in rate. The cueing syllable is 0.04– 0.05 s in duration and is preceded and followed by silent gaps of about 0.15 and 0.1 s, respectively. The simple song mode (Figs 41d–f) consists of long syllables of
Parvopsalta victoriae Moulds & Marshall 2022, sp. n.
No full textParvopsalta victoriae sp. n. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: C555F409-D11E-4251-BEEC-98C704DF70BC (Figs 4, 36–38) Synonymy. “podgy black” Marshall et al., 2016: fig. 2b. Etymology. Named after Queen Victoria of England for whom the type locality, Queen Victoria Rock, is named; noun in genitive case. Types. Holotype male, (Simon Lab. voucher 03.AU.WAU.VIC.06), Queen Victoria Rock, Western Australia, 31°17’S 120°56’E, 444 m, 17.i.2003, Moulds, Hill, Marshall & Vanderpool (WAME 113455) (WAM). Paratypes as follows: WESTERN AUSTRALIA : 2 males, 85 km SSW of Coolgardie, 20.i.1991, M.S. & B.J. Moulds (DE). 2 males, 85 km SSW of Coolgardie, 20.i.1991, M.S. & B.J. Moulds (LP). 12 males, 2 females, 85 km SSW of Coolgardie, 20.i.1991, M.S. & B.J. Moulds; 2 males (1 genitalia prep. POD 20), Queen Victoria Rock, 31°17’S 120°56’E, 444 m, 17.i.2003, Moulds, Hill, Marshall & Vanderpool; 3 males (1 genitalia prep. POD 1), WAU. LKK, Lake King, 33°05’S 119°40’E, 335 m, 18.i.2003, Moulds, Hill, Marshall & Vanderpool; 2 males (Simon Lab. vouchers 09.AU.WA. CGB.01, 09.AU.WA. CGB.02), 38 km W of Coolgardie, 31°3.852’S 120°47.632’E, 419 m, 8.ii.2009, K. Hill & D. Marshall; 1 male (Simon Lab. voucher 10.AU.WA. WOR.01), 28 km NE of Calingiri, 30°57.127’S 116°39.501’E, 237 m, 13.i.2010; Hill, Marshall Moulds (MSM). 2 males, 85 km SSW of Coolgardie, 20.i.1991, M.S. & B.J. Moulds (PH). 1 male, same data as holotype (WAME 113456); 2 males, WAU.LKK, Lake King, 33°05’S 119°40’E, 335 m, 18.i.2003, Moulds, Hill, Marshall & Vanderpool (WAME 113457-113458); 1 male, 38 km W of Coolgardie, 31°3.852’S 120°47.632’E, 419 m, 8.ii.2009, K. Hill & D. Marshall (WAME 113459) (WAM). Distribution and habitat (Fig. 36). Southwest of Western Australia northeast from Wongan Hills to within 40 km of Coolgardie. All specimens have been taken in mid January but adults almost certainly occur at other times. Adults frequent low shrubs in open dry eucalypt woodland with a shrub understory. Adult description. Male (Figs 4, 37). Head black, with supra-antennal plates partly marked dull yellow or brown and usually a spot of similar colour on anterior and posterior midline. Postclypeus black, often with a dull yellow or brown patch on most anterior part sometimes extending to vertex; lateral ventral margin indistinctly yellow or brown. Anteclypeus black. Rostrum dark brown becoming black distally; reaching apices of mid coxae. Thorax with pronotum black, its dorsal midline sometimes partly marked yellow or brown and sometimes also along anterior margin; pronotal collar usually edged yellow or brown along its posterior margin between lateral angles. Mesonotum black with a pair of yellow or brown markings from between submedian and lateral sigilla to anterior arms of cruciform elevation, considerably variable in extent, often much reduced but always straight along their outer margins; cruciform elevation of similar colour but with anterior arms black distally. Metanotum dull yellow. Wings hyaline; without infuscations. Forewing venation black except for pale brown CuA and C; basal cell hyaline; basal membrane blackish. Hindwing venation pale brown becoming black on about distal third; plaga dull white sometimes tending pale brownish mainly in jugum. Legs yellowish, with black markings of variable extent, most extensive on forelegs, least on hindlegs. Opercula very pale yellow with a little black at base; epimeron 3 swollen. Abdomen with tergites black usually with narrow yellow or brown banding; tergite 1 black, sometimes with narrow brown lateral marking; tergite 2 with a narrow dull yellow or brown posterior margin sometimes broken on dorsal midline; tergites 3–7 with a narrow yellow posterior margin; tergite 8 black except for an indistinct orange brown patch in posterior sublateral corner. Sternites pale yellow with black variable in extent; sternite I black; sternite II yellow with a broad black midline; sternites III–VII yellow, each with a broad, blackish centre sometimes extending to lateral extremities but never reaching distal margin; sternite VIII blackish. Timbals with ribs as in generic description above; timbal cavity sharply angled along posterior margin and barely ridged. Male genitalia (Figs 37a–d). See generic description above. Female. The single known female similar to male. Abdominal segment 9 long, in dorsal view a little longer than wide; black dorsally, otherwise brown except for a small sublateral patch distally and a narrow black anterior margin. Ovipositor sheath brown becoming black distally, barely projecting beyond anal styles. Measurements. Range and mean (in mm) for 10 males, 1 female (includes smallest and largest males). Length of body (including head): male 11.3–13.8 (12.9); female (including ovipositor) 13.4. Length of forewing: male 11.8–13.6 (13.0); female 13.7. Width of head (including eyes): male 3.4–3.9 (3.7); female 3.8. Width of pronotum (across lateral angles): male 3.5–4.0 (3.8); female 3.9. Distinguishing features. Differs from all other species by the distinguishing features listed in the generic description above. Among Australian small black cicadas males differ from nearly all in having the abdomen a little wider than the thorax and in having 5 apical cells in the hindwing. Song (Figs 38a–c). Recordings were examined from the holotype location as well as the WA.CGB and WA.WOR paratype locations. Male calling song is composed of alternating short and long syllables containing simple pulses or doublets (with the first pulse louder, if doublets). Pulses are produced at a steady rate of around 185–300 pulses/s. In the typical song, the gap preceding the shorter syllable is somewhat longer than the gap following it, with the overall syllable repetition rate ranging between 2–3.5/s. Short syllables consist of around 8–16 pulses (30–75 ms duration) and long syllables consist of about 15–25 pulses (60–105 ms duration). Sometimes multiple short syllables are produced in series, and our recordings suggest that this can occur as a male flies to a new station. In the recordings from WA.VIC the occasional syllable is broken into two parts when one or a few pulses drop out. Most sound energy is contained in the range 8–13 kHz, and the peak frequency is around 10.5 kHz. There is no frequency modulation. Males are extremely wary and tend to sing from short shrubs, knee-height to chest-height.Published as part of Moulds, Max & Marshall, David C., 2022, New genera and new species of Western Australian cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae), pp. 451-507 in Zootaxa 5174 (5) on pages 477-479, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5174.5.1, http://zenodo.org/record/698655
Ryan-Riggs/RivRetrieve: v0.1.6
No full textUpdated vignetteRyan Riggs, & Simon Moulds. (2025). Ryan-Riggs/RivRetrieve: v0.1.6 (v0.1.6). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1511422
[CODE] Ryan-Riggs/RivRetrieve: v0.1.4
No full textNo description provided.Ryan Riggs, & Simon Moulds. (2024). Ryan-Riggs/RivRetrieve: v0.1.4 (v0.1.4). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1079048
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