1,720,999 research outputs found
Validating CSCW strategies and applications for rapid product development in investment casting process
No full textThe aim of this study is to apply and validate a general-purpose working methodology, derived from the analysis of processes which come from two different domains ( the field of medicine and the preservation of cultural heritage), in the investment casting process. CSCW methods and tools have proven to be the best 'gluing tool' to bond the different activities, and thus heavily exploited during the customization of the general-purpose working methodology. This paper describes a case study performed in an industrial sector and related to the investment casting application field. It was chosen to test methodology and to demonstrate its wide applicability. The case study involved the realization of a centrifugal pump impeller, where the application of this CSCW-based methodology has delivered important results such as the reduction of product development time and the drastic reduction of production costs. RI Motyl, Barbara/B-1193-2010; Filippi, Stefano/A-6118-200
Comparing Parametric Solid Modelling/Reconfiguration, Global Shape Modelling and Free-Form Deformation for the Generation of 3D Digital Models of Femurs from X-Ray Images
No full textAt present, computer assisted surgery systems help orthopaedic surgeons both plan and perform surgical procedures. To enable these systems to function, it is crucial to have at one's disposal 3D models of anatomical structures, surgical tools and prostheses (if required). This paper analyses and compares three methods for generating 3D digital models of anatomical structures starting from X-ray images: parametric solid modelling/reconfiguration, global shape modelling and free-form deformation. Seven experiences involving the generation of a femur model were conducted by software developers and different skilled users. These experiences are described in detail and compared at different stages and from different points of view. RI Motyl, Barbara/B-1193-2010; Filippi, Stefano/A-6118-200
Analysis of Existing Methods for 3D Modelling of Femurs starting from Two Orthogonal Images and Development of a Script for a Commercial Software Package
No full textBackground: At present the interest in medical field about the generation of three-dimensional digital models of anatomical structures increases due to the widespread diffusion of CAS - computer assisted surgery - systems. Most of them are based on CT computer tomography - or MR - magnetic resonance - data volumes but sometimes this information is not available; there are only few X-ray, ultrasound or fluoroscopic images. Methods: This paper describes the study and the development of a script for a commercial software package (ads Max) able to reconfigure the template model of a femur starting from two orthogonal images representing the specific patient's anatomy. Results: The script was used in several tests as summarized in this paper and the results appear to be interesting and acceptable, even for the medical experts that evaluated them. Conclusions: The script developed in this work allows the generation of the 3D model of a femur in a very simple way (the user interface has been developed obeying to the main usability guidelines) and using a widespread commercial package. The quality of the results can be compared to the quality of more expensive and specialized systems. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. RI Motyl, Barbara/B-1193-2010; Filippi, Stefano/A-6118-200
A preliminary research on virtual knee simulators for knee joint implants design
No full textPurpose:
The goal of this paper is to investigate the use of virtual simulation tools, and in particular
virtual knee simulators. This kind of tools is mainly important for the design and development
of knee joint implants. In fact, achieving long-term clinical success after a total knee
replacement - TKR - surgery is dependent on a variety of patient and surgical factors, but it
can be directly influenced by implant component design.
Method:
A literature review has been done to search for the most important characteristics of virtual
knee simulators in reference to the mechanical ones used for in-vitro testing. A description of
of three kinds of virtual knee simulators was done: the KneeSIM, the Open Knee and the
Denver-Kansas computational Knee model.
Results and discussion:
An analysis of the characteristics of these three computational models was done in order to
understand which simulator is best suited for its immediate use, which is the most
customizable or which represents the most complete and reliable tool for knee implant
design.
Conclusion:
This paper has outlined a review of a particular category of simulation tools, the virtual knee
simulators. These tools are of great interest for orthopaedic product design and development.
Some of the knee computational models used in these simulators are also presented,
pointing out the main differences and characteristics of three of them: KneeSIM, Open Knee
and Denver-Kansas simulator
Possible applications of large language models (LLMs) in engineering education: an overview
No full textTrends in engineering education for additive manufacturing in the industry 4.0 era: a systematic literature review
Full text linkAdditive manufacturing represents one of the most promising and innovative technologies of the moment. In fact, it is considered among the nine technological pillars on which Industry 4.0 is based. In particular, it has received a lot of interest from industries, educational institutions and government agencies. For these reasons, it is necessary to develop and train a specialised workforce and to prepare it for these new opportunities. This work aims to investigate, through the completion of a survey based on a systematic review of the literature, the current state of education and dissemination of educational practices related to the training of young engineers at university on the issues of additive manufacturing and related to Industry 4.0. The results show that the introduction of additive manufacturing education represents an important leverage in the preparation of young engineers who benefit from it both in terms of personal preparation and in terms of learning and refining different skills. However, certain aspects, linked to the need to have adequate equipment and a properly trained teaching staff, should not be overlooked
Synergies Between Systematic Innovation and Interaction Design for Product Development
No full textProduct innovation is one of the most challenging issues
in the industrial design and production domains.
To reach innovation, competitors must pay attention
to product design mainly during the product concept
generation phase. This paper investigate the correlations
and the differences between the TRIZ theory for
systematic innovation and the Interaction Design. In
fact, both of them are particularly oriented to product
innovation, are intrinsically knowledge-based, and
have a central role in the present-day landscape of
product development. The respective potentialities
and lacks suggest some promising synergies between
them, and the resulting integration is intended to increase
the range of methods and tools for systematic
product innovation. After a general description
of the two domains, this research proposes a new
model where the peculiarities of TRIZ are exploited
during the several phases of the Interaction Design
process. This new TRIZ-based approach to the Interaction
Design allows a new, more structured, and
pragmatic problem solving process related to the interaction
issues
Comparing students' perceptions of technical drawing teaching before and after COVID-19 emergency
No full text
Integration of creativity enhancement tools in medical device design process
Full text linkThis paper aims at presenting the integration of different creativity enhancement tools, from C-K theory and TRIZ, in medical device design. After the description of the current development process, the paper focuses on the application of C-K mapping and TRIZ tools in a case study concerning the improvement of knee implants for total knee replacement - TKR - surgery. The analysis of this case study highlights that the synergy between TRIZ and C-K theory is possible. As a result, C-K theory represents a good way for structuring design reasoning mostly in the conceptual phases of product innovation and development and it may be also used to explore market information, while TRIZ is suitable for formulating and refining the design problem in a structured way
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