417 research outputs found
Development of a fuzzy decision support system to determine the severity of obstructive pulmonary in chemical injured victims
No full textBackground: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is the most common known complication of exposure to mustard gas. Thus, all clinical guidelines have provided some recommendation for diagnosis, clinical management and treatment of this disease. Decision support systems are used to increase the acceptance of clinical guidelines. The purpose of this research is to develop a CDSS to determine the severity of COPD in chemical injured victims. Objectives: Development of a decision support system to determine the severity of COPD. Patients and Methods: First, the variables influencing to determining the severity of the disease was classified through studying the clinical guidelines. Then, the fuzzy model was implemented. To testing the system, the data from 50 patients were used. Results: the overall accuracy in determining the severity of the injury is equal to 92, these indicators reflect the proper functioning of the system to assist the physician regarding the diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and determining its severity. Conclusions: The CDSS has efficient results and satisfactory performance. Although, the medical expert systems cannot be expected to provide 100 percent correct responses, however, they can be useful in the areas of patient management, diagnosis and treatment planning. © 2015 Taha Samad-Soltani, Mostafa Ghanei, Mostafa Langarizadeh
Correction to: Predominance of Fourth Panzootic Newcastle Disease Virus Subgenotype VII.1.1 in Iran and Its Relation to the Genotypes Circulating in the Region
No full textThe original version of this article contained a mistake in the co-author names “Mohammad Sotani and Esameel Allahyari”. The correct co-author names should be Mohammad Soltani and Esmaeel Allahyari
ZnSnO3 - SnO2 nanocomposite as a catalyst for efficient hydrogen production through sodium borohydride methanolysis
No full textIn this work, we describe a straightforward modified sol gel approach for producing zinc stannate-tin oxide (ZnSnO3-SnO2) nanocomposite particles by combining tin chloride and zinc acetate using EDTA ammonium salt as an electrosteric inhibition agent. The acquired samples were characterized using simultaneous thermal gravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry (TGA/DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-Vis spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The catalyst activity of ZnSnO3-SnO2 particles in hydrogen production was determined by the methanolysis reaction from NaBH4. The hydrogen generation rate TOF (Turnover Frequency) The hydrogen generation rate, activation energy (Ea), enthalpy (ΔH) and entropy (ΔS) values of the hydrogen production reaction were calculated as 374.11 ml min−1.g−1 (832.38 h−1), 43.19 kJ mol−1, 40.65 kJ mol−1 and -178.96 J/mol.K, respectively. The prepared ZnSnO3-SnO2 composite can be recycled and used without obvious loss of activity; This makes the procedure economical and environmentally friendly.The author would like to acknowledge the financial support provided by the Algerian Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research and the University of Biskra. We are also grateful to Soltani Mohamed Toufik, Head of the Laboratory of “Photonic Physics and Multifunctional Nanomaterials” for providing TG analysis. Lastly, we extend our appreciation to our colleagues for their valuable feedback during manuscript preparation, their constructive comments helped improve the quality of this article.Peer reviewe
3D Chatacterization of Permeability Heterogeneity at the Core Scale
No full textL’objet de cette thèse est de développer des méthodologies permettant d’identifier la distribution spatiale des valeurs de perméabilité dans des échantillons de roches. Nous avons tout d’abord développé en laboratoire des expériences d’injection de fluide miscible très visqueux dans des échantillons initialement saturés par une saumure peu visqueuse. Pendant l’injection, l’évolution au cours du temps de la pression différentielle entre les deux faces de l’échantillon a été enregistrée par des capteurs de pression. En outre, des mesures scanner ont fourni une carte 3D de la porosité ainsi que des cartes 3D décrivant la distribution spatiale des concentrations dans l’échantillon à différents temps. Nous avons mis en place une méthode d’interprétation donnant directement le profil 1D de la perméabilité le long de la direction d’écoulement à partir de la pression différentielle mesurée au cours du temps. Cette méthode a été validée numériquement et expérimentalement. Puis, afin d’affiner la description de l’agencement des valeurs de perméabilité dans l’échantillon, c’est à dire d’obtenir un modèle 3D de perméabilité représentatif de l’échantillon, nous avons développé une méthodologie itérative de calage des pressions et des concentrations. Cette méthode passe par deux étapes : une optimisation simple pour capturer l’hétérogénéité dans la direction de l’écoulement et une optimisation complexe pour capturer l’hétérogénéité transverse. Cette méthode a été validée à partir de tests numériques. La méthode a été appliquée à deux des expériences d’injection de fluide visqueux. Nous avons pu alors déterminer des modèles de perméabilité capables de reproduire assez bien les données de pression et de concentration acquises pendant l’injectionThe objective of this study is to develop new methodologies to identify the spatial distribution of permeability values inside the heterogeneous core samples. We developed laboratory viscous miscible displacements by injecting high viscosity glycerin into the core samples initially saturated by low viscosity brine. The pressure drop across the samples was measured as a function of time until breakthrough. Meanwhile, CT scan measurements provided a 3D porosity map plus several 3D maps of concentration distribution inside the core samples at different times. A simple permeability mapping technique was developed deducing a one-dimensional permeability profile along the flow direction from the measured pressure drop data. The method was validated with both numerical and laboratory experiments. To go beyond one-dimensional characterization of permeability into cores, we developed an iterative process for matching pressure and concentration data. This method consisted of two steps: a simple optimization for capturing the permeability heterogeneity along the flow direction axis and a complex optimization for capturing transversal permeability heterogeneities. The methodology was validated by numerical data. It was also applied to the data collected from two laboratory viscous miscible displacements. We showed that the final 3D permeability models reproduce well the measured pressure drop and concentration dat
Manufacturing Method and Physicochemical Properties of Lighvan and Koozeh (Koopeh) Cheeses
No full textInfluence of salt concentration and storage time on the properties of ultrafiltered white cheese produced in Iran.
No full textTEZ10081Tez (Doktora) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 2013.Kaynakça (s. 151-165) var.xxi, 174 s. : res., tablo ; 29 cm.Bu çalışmada, tuz kullanılmadan ve %1.0, %2.5 ve %4.0 oranlarında tuz kullanılarak Ultrafiltre Beyaz peynir üretilmiş ve 9±1?C’de 90 gün süre ile olgunlaştırılmıştır. Farklı oranlarda yuz kullanımı, Ultrafiltre Beyaz peynirlerin kimyasal özellikleri, azot fraksiyonları, tekstür özellikleri ve duyusal özelliklerini etkilerken, renk özelliklerini etkilememiştir. Depolama süresince ?s1-kazein ve ?-kazein parçalanmasının sırasıyla %4.0 oranında tuz kullanılarak ve tuzsuz olarak üretilen peynirlerde en yüksek oranda gerçekleştiği belirlenmiştir. Depolama süresince %4.0 tuz oranı içeren peynirin peptid konsantrasyonunun diğer peynirlere oranla daha düşük olduğu saptanmıştır. Depolama süresine bağlı olarak Ultrafiltre Beyaz peynirlerin pH, titrasyon asitliği, kurumadde, protein, tuz, toplam serbest yağ asitleri, suda çözünen azot, %12 TCA’de çözünen azot, proteoz-pepton azotu oranları, toplam serbest amino asit miktarı, L ve b renk değerleri ve yapışkanlık değeri artarken, kurumaddede yağ, kazein azotu, ?s1-kazein ve ?-kazein oranları, esneklik, iç yapışkanlık ve elastiklik değerleri ve toplam laktik asit bakterileri sayısı azalmıştır. %1.0 ve %2.5 tuz içeren Ultrafiltre Beyaz peynirlerin tat ve aroması, proteoliz ürünlerinin uygun seviyelerde olması nedeniyle diğer peynirlerden daha fazla beğenilmiştir. Ultrafiltre Beyaz peynir üretiminde yaygın olarak %3.0 oranında kullanılan tuz oranından daha az tuz oranı ve kabul edilebilir duyusal özellikleri ile peynir üretimi, tüketici sağlığını başarılı bir şekilde koruyabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.In this study, Ultrafiltered White cheese was produced salt free and using different concentrations of salt consisting of 1.0%, 2.5% and 4.0% and ripend at 9±1?C for 90 days. Use of different salt concentrations were significantly influenced chemical properties, nitrogen fractions, texture properties and sensory properties of Ultrafiltered White cheese, while the color properties of it were not influenced. It was determined that ?s1-casein and ?-casein were hydrolyzed at highest level in the cheeses were produced using 4.0% of salt and salt free, respectively. During storage, the peptide concentrations of cheese produced using 4.0% of salt were determined lower than those in other cheeses. pH, titratable acidity, dry matter, protein, salt, total free fatty acids, water-soluble nitrogen, 12% trichloroacetic acid-soluble nitrogen and proteose-peptone nitrogen rates, the amount of total free amino acids and the values of L, b and adhesiveness of Ultrafiltered White cheeses increased depending on the storage time, whereas fat-in-dry matter, casein nitrogen, ?s1-casein and ?-casein rates, the values of springiness, cohesiveness and resilience and the total number of lactic acid bacteria decreased. Ultrafiltered White cheeses containing 1.0% and 2.5% of salt were suitable and acceptable in odour and flavour scores that may be due to the proportional level of proteolysis products. Production of cheese with lower salt concentration than 3.0%-which is widely used in Ultrafiltered White cheese production- and acceptable sensory properties, may successfully protect the consumer health.Bu çalışma Ç.Ü. Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi tarafından desteklenmiştir. Proje No: ZF2011D25
A Model for Changes in Germination Synchrony and Its Implements to Study Weed Population Dynamics: A Case Study of Brassicaceae
No full textIn every agricultural system, weed seeds can be found in every cubic centimeter of soil. Weed seeds, as a valuable trait underlying the fate of weed populations, exhibit differing levels of seed dormancy, ensuring their survival under uncertain conditions. Seed dormancy is considered as an innate mechanism that constrains germination under suitable conditions that would otherwise stimulate germination of nondormant seeds. This work provides new insight into changes in germination patterns along the dormant to nondormancy continuum in seeds with physiological dormancy. Notable findings are: (1) germination synchrony can act as a new parameter that quantitatively describes dormancy patterns and, subsequently, weed population dynamics, (2) germination synchrony is dynamic, suggesting that the more dormancy decreases, the more synchrony is obtainable, (3) after-ripening and stratification can function as a synchronizing agent that regulates germination behavior. Freshly harvested seeds of Brassica napus with type 3 of non-deep physiological dormancy showed the most synchronous germination, with a value of 3.14, while a lower level of germination asynchrony was found for newly harvested seeds of Sinapis arvensis with type 1 of non-deep physiological dormancy, with an asynchrony value of 2.25. After-ripening and stratification can act as a synchronizing factor through decreasing the asynchrony level and increasing synchrony. There is a firm relationship between seed dormancy cycling and germination synchrony patterns, ensuring their survival and reproductive strategies. By germinating in synchrony, which is accompanied by cycling mechanisms, weeds have more opportunities to persist. The synchrony model used in the present study predicts germination behavior and synchrony along the dormant to nondormancy continuum in weed seeds with physiological dormancy, suggesting a useful method for the quantification of germination strategies and weed population dynamics
Forze telemetry
No full textIn this report we will introduce and explain what our project is about. Also we will describe and discuss the choices we made in this project. At the problem analysis part in Chapter 2, the requirements for this project are discussed. We will look at different alternatives and ways to implement these requirements in Chapter 3 and explain why we chose certain solutions. For each part of this project we thought about which programming language would be best to use and which frameworks we would need, this is discussed in Chapter 4. The information gathered during the research phase which is documented in this report will be used throughout the implementation of this project. Furthermore, this document contains information about the methodology in Chapter 5, implementation in Chaper 6 and the end product in Chapter 7. To explain what the client expect from us, we will define the problem in the following paragraphs.Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer ScienceSoftware Technolog
Excavator Pose Estimation for Safety Monitoring by Fusing Computer Vision and RTLS Data
No full textThe construction industry is considered as a hazardous industry because of its high number of accidents and fatality rates. Safety is one of the main requirements on construction sites since an insecure site drops the morale of the workers, which can also result in lower productivity. To address safety issues, many proactive methods have been introduced by researchers and equipment manufacturers. Studying these methods shows that most of them are using radio-based technologies that perform based on the locations of the attached sensors to the moving objects, which could be expensive and impractical for the large fleet of available construction equipment. Safety monitoring is a sensitive task and avoiding collisions requires a detailed information of the articulated equipment (e.g. excavators) and the motion of each part of that equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to install the location sensors on each moving part of the equipment for estimating its pose, which is a difficult, time consuming, and expensive task. On the other hand, the application of Computer Vision (CV) techniques is growing and becoming more practical and affordable. However, most of the available CV-based techniques evaluate the proximity of the resources by considering each object as a single point regardless of its shape and pose. Moreover, the process of manually collecting and annotating a large image dataset of different pieces of equipment is one of the most time consuming tasks. Furthermore, relying on a single source of data may not only decrease the accuracy of the pose estimation system because of missing data or calculation errors, but it may also increase the computation time. Moreover, when there are multiple objects and equipment in the field of view of each camera, CV-based algorithms are under a higher risk of false recognition of the equipment and their parts. Therefore, fusing the cameras’ data with data from Real-Time Location System (RTLS) can help the pose estimation system by limiting the search area for the parts’ detectors, and consequently reducing the processing time and improving the accuracy by reducing the false detections.
This research aims to estimate the excavator pose by fusing CV and RTLS data for safety monitoring and has the following objectives: (1) improving the CV training by developing a method to automatically generate and annotate around-view synthetic images of equipment and their parts using the 3D model of the equipment and the real images of the construction sites as background; (2) developing a guideline for applying stereo vision system in construction sites using regular surveillance cameras with long baseline at a high level; (3) improving the accuracy and speed of CV detection by fusing RTLS data with cameras’ data; and (4) estimating the 3D pose of the equipment for detecting potential collisions based on a pair of Two Dimensional (2D) skeletons of the parts from the views of two cameras.
To support these objectives, a comprehensive database of the synthetic images of the excavator and its parts are generated, and multiple detectors from multiple views are trained for each part of the excavator using the image database. Moreover, the RTLS data, providing the location of the equipment, are linked with the corresponding video frames from two cameras to fuse the location data with the video data. Knowing the overall size of the equipment and its location provided by the RTLS system, a virtual cylinder defined around the equipment is projected on the video frames to limit the search scope of the object detection algorithm within the projected cylinder, resulting in a faster processing time and higher detection accuracy. Additionally, knowing the equipment ID assigned to each RTLS device and the cameras’ locations and heights, it is possible to select the suitable detectors for each equipment. After detecting a part, the background of the detected bounding box are removed to estimate the location and orientation of each part. The final skeleton of the excavator is derived by connecting the start and end points of the parts to their adjacent parts knowing the kinematic information of the excavator. Estimating the skeleton of the excavator from each camera view on one hand, and knowing the extrinsic and intrinsic parameters of all available cameras on the construction site, on the other hand, are used for estimating the 3D pose by triangulating the estimated skeleton from each camera. In order to use the available collision avoidance systems, the 3D pose of the excavator is sent to the game environment and the potential collisions are detected followed by generating a warning.
The contributions of this research are: (1) developing a method for creating and annotating the synthetic images of the construction equipment and their parts using the equipment 3D models and the real images of the construction sites; (2) creating and training the HOG-based excavator’s parts detectors using the database of the synthetic images developed earlier and automatically produced negative samples from the other excavator parts in addition to the real images of different construction sites while the target object is cut from these; (3) developing a data fusion framework after calibrating two regular surveillance cameras with the long baseline to integrate the RTLS data received from GPS with the video data from the cameras to decrease the processing efforts for detecting excavator parts while increasing the detection accuracy by limiting the search scope for the detectors; (4) developing a clustering technique to subtract parts’ background and extracting the 2D skeleton of the excavator in each camera’s view and to estimate the 3D pose of the excavator; and (5) transferring the 3D pose data of the excavator to the game environment using TCP/IP connection and visualizing the near real-time pose of the excavator in the game engine for detecting the potential collisions
Neighborhood Localization Method for Locating Construction Resources Based on RFID and BIM
No full textConstruction sites are changing every day, which brings some difficulties for different contractors to do their tasks properly. One of the key points for all entities who work on the same site is the location of resources including materials, tools, and equipment. Therefore, the lack of an integrated localization system leads to increase the time wasted on searching for resources. In this research, a localization method which does not need infrastructure is proposed to overcome this problem. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) as a localization technology is integrated with Building Information Modeling (BIM) as a method of creating, sharing, exchanging and managing the building information throughout the lifecycle among all stakeholders. In the first stage, a requirements’ gathering and conceptual design are performed to add new entities, data types, and properties to the BIM, and relationships between RFID tags and building assets are identified. Secondly, it is proposed to distribute fixed tags with known positions as reference tags for the RFID localization approach. Then, a clustering method chooses the appropriate reference tags to provide them to an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) for further computations. Additionally, Virtual Reference Tags (VRTs) are added to the system to increase the resolution of localization while limiting the cost of the system deployment. Finally, different case studies and simulations are implemented and tested to explore the technical feasibility of the proposed approach
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