58 research outputs found
Human health risk assessment by Monte Carlo simulation method for heavy metals of commonly consumed cereals in Iran- Uncertainty and sensitivity analysis
No full textDetermination of biokinetic coefficients for an adsorption/bio-oxidation process on municipal wastewater in pilot-scale
No full textAims: The present study was carried out to determine biokinetic coefficients of a pilot-scale adsorption-bio-oxidation process.
Materials and Methods: The pilot plant was simulated North wastewater treatment plant, Isfahan, Iran. The pilot plant was operated 135 days under different mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) concentrations in aeration tank. In each phase, MLSS value was kept constant to reach a steady state condition. B-stage has a higher hydraulic retention time and SRT than A-stage. Also, in order to determine influence of biokinetic parameters on the effluent substrate concentration, a sensitivity analysis was performed.
Results: The coefficients Y, K d , K S , and μmax of A-stage were 1.34 mg VSS/mg sCOD, 0.17 d−1 , 8.61 mg/L, and 2.78 d−1 , respectively. Also, Y, K d , K S , and μmax of B-stage were 0.74 mg VSS/mg sCOD, 0.12 d−1 , 3.34 mg/L, and 71.94 d−1 , respectively. Sensitivity analysis showed that in the A-stage, all coefficients are directly proportional to the effluent sCOD concentration. In the B-stage, K d and K S are directly proportional, but μmax was inversely proportional to the effluent sCOD concentration.
Conclusions: All coefficients were in the range of activated sludge coefficients that are mentioned in the literature, except μmax and K S of B-stage. However, K S value of B-stage was close to the desired range. Sensitivity analysis showed that μmax and K S have the most influence on effluent substrate concentration (sCOD)
Source Apportionment of Total Suspended Particles (TSP) by Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) and Chemical Mass Balance (CMB) Modeling in Ahvaz, Iran
No full textTrends and Variability in Diurnal Temperature Range in Khuzestan Province (1990-2022)
No full textBackground: The diurnal temperature range (DTR), representing the difference between daily maximum temperature (Tmax) and minimum temperature (Tmin), is a vital climatic indicator with significant environmental and public health implications. This study examined long-term trends and seasonal patterns of DTR in five cities in Khuzestan Province, Iran (Abadan, Ahvaz, Aghajari, Masjed Soleiman, and Safi Abad) from 1990 to 2022.
Materials and Methods: Meteorological data, including Tmax and Tmin, were used to calculate daily DTRs and annual averages. Temporal trends were assessed using linear regression models, while seasonal decomposition analysis identified trend, seasonal, and residual components. Visualization techniques, such as line plots and decomposition graphs, illustrated the findings.
Results: The results indicated statistically significant increasing trends in DTR across all cities, with annual increases ranging from 0.0567 to 0.1347 units. Seasonal patterns showed consistent summer peaks and winter troughs, with notable long-term trends and climatic anomalies detected in residual components. These trends mirror global patterns of increasing variability between daytime and nighttime temperatures.
Conclusion: The rising DTR, particularly in Abadan and Aghajari, elevates heat stress and public health risks. Ahvaz and Safi Abad also exhibited significant trends, highlighting the need for targeted policy measures. Given the association of high DTR with increased cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, integrating DTR metrics into health action plans is critical, especially for vulnerable populations. In conclusion, DTR serves as a crucial marker of climatic and health risks, reinforcing the urgency of climate adaptation strategies in Khuzestan Province to protect vulnerable groups
Elemental and carbonaceous characterization of TSP and PM10 during Middle Eastern dust (MED) storms in Ahvaz, Southwestern Iran
No full textAdditional file 1: of Indoor concentrations of VOCs in beauty salons; association with cosmetic practices and health risk assessment
No full textMore details of the chemical analyses and the detailed results of the statistical analyses are presented in the Additional file; other information is also available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. (DOCX 70Â kb
Correction to: Indoor and outdoor concentrations of BTEX and formaldehyde in Tehran, Iran: effects of building characteristics and health risk assessment (Environmental Science and Pollution Research, (2018), 10.1007/s11356-018-2794-4)
No full textThe original publication of this paper contains a mistake. The correct name and affiliation of the 3rd Author is presented in this paper. © 2018, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature
Assessment of bioaerosol particle characteristics at different hospital wards and operating theaters: A case study in Tehran
No full textThis study was aimed to investigate the types and number of bacterial and fungal bioaerosols in indoor air of hospitals according to the type of wards and operating theaters. Bacterial and fungal samples were collected using the passive sampling method of 1/1/1 scheme during a six months' period in the Khatam-Al-Anbia hospital, Tehran, Iran. A simple linear regression was used to determine the relationship between bioaerosol concentrations and the number of active beds. Bacterial bioaerosol concentrations were mainly higher than fungi in all sampling sites. A significant association was found between airborne fungal concentrations and the numbers of beds (R2 = 0.76, p < 0.05), but not observed for bacteria (R2 = 0.02, p < 0.05). Our findings provided an exposure database of airborne bacterial and fungal bioaerosol in hospital wards and operating theaters in Tehran. • Due to the importance of the exposure risk to bioaerosols for patients and medical personnel, we focused on identification of the density and diversity of bacterial and fungal bioaerosols in different wards and operating theaters. • Our results showed that the numbers of the beds have a significant effect on airborne fungal concentrations. • The results of this study can be used to set indoor air quality standards for hospital wards and operating theatres. Method name: Bacterial and fungal samples were collected using the passive sampling method of 1/1/1 scheme during a six months' period in the specialty and subspecialty the hospital from August 2015 to February 2016, Keywords: Hospital airborne bioaerosols, Indoor air, Fungal bioaerosol, Tehra
Indoor concentrations of VOCs in beauty salons; association with cosmetic practices and health risk assessment
No full textAbstract Background The use of cosmetic products in beauty salons emits numerous kinds of toxic air pollutants. The objectives of this study were to measure the concentrations of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, formaldehyde, and acetaldehyde in 20 large beauty salons in Tehran and relate the observed concentrations to environmental and occupational characteristics of the salons. Methods Samples were collected from inside and outside air of 20 selected salons located in different areas of the city. Several additional parameters were recorded during the sampling process including surface area, number of active employees, type of ventilation, type of ongoing treatments, temperature, humidity. Deterministic and stochastic health risk assessment of the compounds were performed. Results Indoor concentrations of each pollutant were significantly higher than its outdoor concentrations. Health risk assessment showed that benzene, formaldehyde and acetaldehyde represent a possible cancer risk in the beauty salons. In addition, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene had negligible non-carcinogenic risks. Ventilation with air purifier, and fan with open window were more effective than using just a fan. Concentrations of benzene and toluene were affected by the number of hair dying treatments. The concentration of xylene was affected by the number of hair styling. The concentration of formaldehyde was affected by the number of hair styling and number of nail treatments. Conclusion With improved ventilation and requirements for reformulated cosmetic, concentrations of toxic air pollutants in beauty salons could be reduced
Research Gaps in Health Risks Associated With Dust Storms in Iran: A Systematic Review
No full textBackground: This study aimed to identify research gaps and gather detailed, precise information about the health impacts of dust storms in Iran.
Materials and Methods: A systematic review was carried out in accordance with preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, exploring both Persian and English scientific articles across multiple databases (including Scopus, PubMed, EMBASE, WoS, Cochrane, and Google Scholar) up to December 2023. Two researchers independently screened studies based on specific criteria, and paper quality was evaluated using the CASP checklist.
Results: Out of 2,006 studies that were initially searched, 7 articles were selected for data extraction after removing duplicates and irrelevant items. In this study, the retrieved articles were published from 2014-2023. The majority of the studies reviewed indicated significant relationships between dust storms and increased rates of morbidity and mortality. Specifically, most studies suggested that the occurrence of dust storms is statistically significantly associated with an increased risk of mortality from daily non-accidental causes, as well as a higher risk of hospitalization for cardiovascular, respiratory, and stroke-related diseases.
Conclusion: Despite evidence of health impacts, a notable gap exists in the literature, especially the lack of longitudinal studies and real-time data analyses in vulnerable areas. Urgent research is needed to address these gaps and improve understanding of long-term health risks, focusing on methodologies that incorporate time series analyses to inform public health policies
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