1,720,978 research outputs found
The potential of urban PV generation in the Italian context of energy transition: A case study
No full textFifteen years after the connection of the first PV plant to the distribution network of the city of Milan, the role of this technology is more and more crucial, considering the Italian and European energy transition goals. The availability of a zero-emission modular and dispersed electricity generation could allow the cities to meet the growing electricity demand in the coming years in a sustainable way. The PV plants that could be installed on the roofs of city buildings represent a precious resource, which has only been partially exploited. Quantifying this available surface can help to understand the electricity generation potential in relation to the future scenarios of electricity demand. This paper aims to analyze these aspects focusing on the city of Milan (Italy), determining the total power that could be installed on the roofs, its potential contribution to the electricity balance of the network distribution in 2020-2030 and the benefits for the grid in relation to the system losses
Building information modeling and supervisory control and data acquisition Integration. The lambda lab digital twin
No full textIn recent years, a new design methodology is finding fertile ground in the building and plant engineering field: building information modeling (BIM). BIM is an innovative modeling method that proposes a substantial change in the entire workflow of a project aimed at the digitization of information processes and is supported by the transition from 2D to 3D design. The digital model, resulting from the BIM design, represents a valuable tool to support the management of the building, but at present, its potential is limited to the project phase of the lifecycle and not fully exploited. Complexity and technological innovation adopted in building technical systems, which are increasingly digitized, make supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems necessary. SCADA doesn’t offer a graphic user interface (GUI) that is friendly and intuitive and that has a decisive impact on the final user experience
Implementation of a New Solar-Powered Street Lighting System: Optimization and Technical-Economic Analysis Using Artificial Intelligence
Full text linkPublic lighting system represents a key role in the energy transition process, considering the high electricity consumptions related to this sector. The integration of renewables could be suitable for this application and many solutions of solar-based lamps for street lighting are spreading. In this research work, a specific application of a PV-integrated lighting system was installed in the center of Italy along a footpath and monitored for several months, both in terms of electricity parameters and lighting behavior. It is equipped with monocrystalline photovoltaic cells, a lithium-based battery, and a LED lamp. The measured data allow the development of an optimization algorithm in Python program for the correct management of the solar streetlamp and the forecasting of electricity consumptions for different boundary conditions (e.g. Italian geographical position). The energy taken from grid in a year is very low with respect to a traditional lamp not powered by renewables: only 43-46% in central-northern regions and 35% in south region. Data are also used to study the possible substitution of all the traditional lamppost of the walkway with the novel proposed system. A technical-economic analysis is carried out to analyze the effectiveness of this solution not only in terms of electricity consumptions reduction, but also costs savings. The suitability of the investment and the payback time depend on Italian national price of electricity and initial cost of the solar lamp. The results can be applied to similar case studies in Italy to save electricity consumptions and reduce CO2 emissions
Flexible resources dispatching to assist DR management in urban distribution network scenarios including PV generation. An Italian case study
No full textNowadays, Distributed System Operators (DSOs) are facing more and more difficult challenges in meeting the user needs with an increasing overall power demand, at the same time guaranteeing the required level of reliability. A possible solutions is offered by the Demand Response (DR) management, aiming to reduce the total load demand of the distribution system during peak periods in order to maintain the integrity of the network and stability of the whole system. The paper analyses different scenarios based on real data from the distribution grid of Milan (Italy), evaluating benefits and costs of DR implementation in three different plants, to solve problems related to feeders congestion, power losses, and voltage drops, through either the scheduling or remote control of distributed resources. Moreover, load shape considerations suggests the possibility to integrate in the system a higher share of photovoltaic (PV) generation, of which the effects on DR are also evaluated in the paper
Resilience of the Milan distribution network in presence of extreme events: Covid-19
No full textThe pandemic generated by Covid-19 caused social and economic consequences that constituted a global challenge for all countries. Italy was one of the first nations to be affected by the pandemic, especially in the heart of its production system and in the most densely populated area: The Lombardy Region. Starting in February 2020, there was a progressive slowdown until a total lockdown that paralyzed almost all social and economic activities, until a partial resumption of normal activities in May and a further increase in mid-June. The study was motivated by the fact that the electricity demand strongly decreased and changed in its typical characteristics, introducing new critical issues in the system at both the transmission and distribution levels. The goal was to analyze the strong impact of this changes on the distribution network and the transmission grid, focusing on the distribution network of Milan during the whole period. The results provide a useful example of the effects of such a pandemic and can constitute a reference valid also for many other big cities in the world
Stand-alone LED lighting system powered by PV and battery: electrical overall performance analysis of a case study
No full textIn the present article an innovative street lighting system with solar PV and battery as the source of electricity was monitored and analyzed considering a case study installed in Italy center. A Light Emitting Diode (LED) is used together with a dimmer control system. This application is new because high efficiency PV cells are applied to the cylindrical surface of the pole: monocrystalline cells have diodes able to bypass the cells that are not directly irradiated by sun to allow the best performance of the PV. The data of this solution were monitored for one year in terms of LED consumptions, current, voltage, PV power, and charging-discharging performance of the battery. These electricity parameters were hourly investigated considering different boundary conditions (weather parameters). These results allow to propose different optimization strategies in terms of scheduling and management of the system related to all the electrical components. The best sizing of the PV and the optimal scheduling profile were proposed based on the experimental and numerical analysis
A street lighting based on solar energy: optimization of a neural network for the productivity evaluation in different climate conditions
No full textThis paper describes a stand-alone public solar street lighting system powered by photovoltaic (PV) cells with energy storage battery and an LED consumer installed along a street located in the center of Italy. The electric system parameters were collected during a year and simultaneously the weather conditions were monitored. The PV cells are applied to the cylindrical surface of the pole and the forecasting of the PV productivity is a critical aspect. Therefore, the annual monitored data were implemented in order to train an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) able to find the productivity of this application also in other locations. Correctly sizing ANNs is fundamental to have a trade-off among model accuracy and computational cost. After determining the best configuration of the ANN, different scenarios were compared to assess the validity of the developed tool
DC microgrid for power sharing model. Control techniques analysis
No full textIn recent years, because of the energy crisis and fossil fuels depletion, Renewable Energy Sources (RES) are more and more deployed to meet the energy demand and their strategic importance is rising more than ever. Most of them are natively sources in DC, moreover many loads, such as electric vehicles and most electronic devices, are natively loads in DC too. The latest European directives introduced the concepts of Renewable Energy Communities (REC) and collective self-consumption. These communities are increasingly attractive and, considering that the collective self-consumption (as power sharing) can be easily applied when the community is based on a DC microgrid, this network topology is more and more developed and studied. In this paper, the authors want to investigate the possible control approaches suitable for the management of a DC microgrid designed to realize collective self-consumption through a power sharing model. A possible architecture for the DC microgrid is presented, highlighting the main elements which can be actively included in control algorithms and the main tasks to be pursued. Different control approaches are analysed and compared, highlighting the main benefits and limits of specific applications and configurations
Investigating EV Charging Station in LAMBDA Microgrid for V2B Applications
No full textThe advent of bidirectional chargers in electric vehicles (EVs) has unlocked the potential for innovative technologies like vehicle-to-grid (V2G) and vehicle-to-building (V2B) systems. This paper focuses on the initial phase of the EV charging station at LAMBDA MG Lab, where the advantages of V2B technology are explored. By leveraging V2G capabilities through optimized operations, the implementation at LAMBDA MG Lab offers several key benefits, including enhanced energy flexibility, significant cost savings in energy bills, and efficient management of peak demand
Preliminary analysis of stand-alone street lighting system with PV and battery. Measurements and simulations of a case study
No full textIn the present paper a solution composed by monocrystalline PV cells directly applied at the cylindrical surfaces of the pole was studied. The innovative aspect is related to the application of high efficiency cells to a curve face (in general, only amorphous cells can be applied with lower efficiency and productivity of the final configuration). In lighting side, Light Emitting Diode (LED) is used together with a dimmer control system. The data of this lighting system installed in the center of Italy were monitored for one year in terms of LED consumptions, PV productivity, and State of Charge (SOC) of the battery. These results allow to study a model that simulates the behavior of the system. A case study of a green area located in the center of Italy was also simulated by DIALux software and several scenarios were reproduced in order to evaluate the benefit of this installation instead of a standard Public Lighting System (PLS). It can be observed that the stand-alone system fails to provide sufficient illumination despite strong lamp dimming: only in July and August the production is sufficient to cover the consumptions. In an adaptive scenario, a hypothesis could be the addition of 270 W photovoltaic panel to produce a surplus of energy
- …
