1,721,063 research outputs found
Trump&Co. Miliardari al potere nella crisi del neoliberismo
No full textQuesto libro offre un’analisi del crescente fenomeno dei miliardari che entrano in politica. Partendo dall’eccezionale campagna elettorale di Donald Trump negli Stati Uniti d’America, lo studio ripercorre le storie di altri cinque miliardari che sono riusciti a conquistare il potere politico: Silvio Berlusconi in Italia, Cristoph Blocher in Svizzera, Mauricio Macri in Argentina, Sebastian Piñera in Cile e Thaksin Shinawatra in Thailandia. Attraverso un’accurata ricerca comparata, il libro mette in luce analogie e differenze tra i sei miliardari, confrontandone le storie imprenditoriali, l’origine delle fortune, il rapporto con le donne e con la religione, lo sport come veicolo di popolarità, il processo di costruzione delle carriere politiche, lo stile di comunicazione, di leadership e di governo. Poiché il loro ingresso in politica e le vittorie elettorali sono avvenute in contesti geografici, sociali e politici così diversi, l’ipotesi è che la loro ascesa politica sia da ascriversi non solo alle strategie comunicative ma anche a un drammatico processo di trasformazione dei sistemi politici e a una generale disillusione e depoliticizzazione degli elettori
Mirroring horse races. Political commercials, pollsters and political consultants: The americanization of italian election campaigns.
Full text linkAccording to Bernard Manin, the transition from party democracy to audience democracy transformed citizens from being party faithful into being participant audience. But in Italy this happened later than in other countries, because the transition from a «concealed» and hyper-parliamentary politics to a more professionalized and personalized one came only in the early '90s. About twenty years ago, together with a reform of the electoral law, a nationwide judicial investigation into political corruption, and Silvio Berlusconi's entering into politics, election campaigns changed and became more «American». Since 1994, indeed, communication has moved to the centre of Italian political arena and Silvio Berlusconi has been the protagonist of this transition: the Americanization of Italian campaigns. This article investigates the evolution of Italian election campaigns from the so-called First Republic into the Second Republic under two characteristics that are classic features of American campaigns: the role of pollsters and political consultants, and political commercials. Despite the widespread idea that during Berlusconi's years Italian election campaigns lost most of their previous characteristic features and all politicians replicated American models, this research hypothesizes that the final outcomes of this transition appears conflicting. While Italian politics imitates the United States in the increasing use of opinion polls and the employment of political consultants, the ban on TV commercials places Italian politics partially out of the usual routes of «Americanization»
How U.S. Presidents Are Regarded Historically: The Contrast Between Historians’ Judgment and the Retrospective Public Opinion Approval Ratings
Full text linkIn April 2013, when covering the opening of his presidential library in
Dallas, part of the media attention was drawn by the “unexpected” surge in
approval ratings of former President George W. Bush. That surprise came
because the 43rd President was very unpopular when he left office in 2009
and because he is still considered by many scholars as one as the “worst
Presidents in history”. Although scholars’ judgment and public opinion
surveys often seem not to match each other, this paper explains that George
W. Bush’s rise is exactly what one would expect, based on the history of
other former presidents’ approval ratings. Indeed, retrospective approval
ratings typically exceed approval ratings while in office
Il declino delle news estere nei media americani
No full textLe contingenze economiche e i piani industriali succedutisi negli anni hanno progressivamente ridotto e marginalizzato gli uffici e i corrispondenti esteri di quasi tutte le testate giornalistiche statunitensi. Si è quindi venuto a creare un sistema di approvvigionamento delle notizie concentrato sulle fonti interne e sulle grandi agenzie internazionali. Una limitazione sostanziale delle sorgenti a disposizione e una perdita di pluralismo, ancor più grave nel caso di teatri di guerra e di paesi non democratici, dove le fonti interne risultano controllate e censurate. Oltre a questo permane l’influenza non sempre virtuosa di fattori “istituzionali”. A tutt’oggi, infatti, i centri politici più importanti mantengono un forte potere di controllo e di indirizzo nella produzione di notizie e nella funzione di agenda-building. Questo articolo ipotizza che la riduzione di uffici, corrispondenti e, conseguentemente, spazio nei palinsesti; unita all’incessante attività di newsmaking della politica abbia relegato le news estere ad un ruolo da comprimario, privando il cittadino di istruzioni fondamentali per crearsi un’opinione, esprimere un giudizio e, infine, votare.Le contingenze economiche e i piani industriali succedutisi negli anni hanno progressivamente ridotto e marginalizzato gli uffici e i corrispondenti esteri di quasi tutte le testate giornalistiche statunitensi. Si è quindi venuto a creare un sistema di approvvigionamento delle notizie concentrato sulle fonti interne e sulle grandi agenzie internazionali. Una limitazione sostanziale delle sorgenti a disposizione e una perdita di pluralismo, ancor più grave nel caso di teatri di guerra e di paesi non democratici, dove le fonti interne risultano controllate e censurate. Oltre a questo permane l’influenza non sempre virtuosa di fattori “istituzionali”. A tutt’oggi, infatti, i centri politici più importanti mantengono un forte potere di controllo e di indirizzo nella produzione di notizie e nella funzione di agenda-building.
Questo articolo ipotizza che la riduzione di uffici, corrispondenti e, conseguentemente, spazio nei palinsesti; unita all’incessante attività di newsmaking della politica abbia relegato le news estere ad un ruolo da comprimario, privando il cittadino di istruzioni fondamentali per crearsi un’opinione, esprimere un giudizio e, infine, votare
Same-Sex Marriage and Other Moral Taboos: Cultural Acceptances, Change in American Public Opinion and the Evidence from the Opinion Polls
Full text linkThis article analyzes the evolution of gay and lesbian rights and same-sex marriage in American
public opinion. It describes how Obergefell v. Hodges, state-level decisions and the public opinion
trends can be considered as the outcome of a grassroots coordinated campaign which began
more than a decade ago and was able to conquer the majority of Americans. It also focuses on the
American public opinion trends related to moral issues, examining if it is true that U.S. citizens
are moving leftward. The research shows that the shift toward more liberal attitudes on a
number of social values and issues has occurred across the age spectrum, not just among young
people, and that when Americans are asked about moral values they are thinking of things other
than just the norms surrounding sexual behavior and reproduction issues. Thus, when Americans
are largely saying that the overall moral tone of their culture is in bad shape and getting worse,
they are only marginally thinking of former taboos such as gay and lesbian marriage and sexual
behaviors in general
Urban-centred voters: The case of ‘L’Altra Europa con Tsipras’ in the 2014 European Parliamentary Elections in Italy
No full textIn the 2014 European Parliamentary (EP) elections in Italy, ‘L’Altra Europa con Tsipras’ received about 1,100,000 votes (4.03 per cent), electing three MEPs. Its narrow surmounting of the 4 per cent 10 threshold was the result of an uneven distribution of support, with most of the votes concentrated in the biggest cities. In Rome, the Lista Tsipras (TL) got 6.17 per cent; in Milan, 6.48 per cen t and in
Bologna, 8.89 per cent. This article analyses the characteristics of the ‘urban-centred’ vote for the LT. It then identifies the factors that contributed to this result, showing, in light of the electoral history of the Italian radical left, how LT ’ media coverage and the campaign schedules of its candidates help account for its success in urban areas
Tra partecipazione e polarizzazione. Il voto presidenziale statunitense del 2020
No full textThis article illustrates the results of the 2020 US presidential election and it reflects on its major underlying political dynamics: participation and polarization The primary focus is on the battleground states and on the electoral behaviour of American citizens. Donald Trump voters have predominantly been male, white, and rural; while Joe Biden have prevailed among women, urban voters, and all racial and religious minorities. Which issues mattered most? Exit polls suggest significant polarization about the pandemic, its economic fallout, and the state of the economy in general
Updating the Notion of Permanent Campaign. Donald Trump’s Presidential Communication
No full textDonald Trump’s communication has never become «Presidential». From the Republican primaries to his third year of administration, he simply continued his permanent campaign- style of communication. However, while Blumenthal’s first elaboration of the concept centred around the role of political consultants, Trump’s first three years in office have been a repudiation of the consulting industry. This article argues that he partially redefined the original concept of a permanent campaign: he kept attacking political opponents and he consistently disdained the media. Moreover, unlike any president in US history, from day 1 in office, Trump started raising money for the next presidential electio
ARCHITETTURA E FOTOVOLTAICO: STRATEGIE E CRITERI D’INTEGRAZIONE. ARCHITECTURE AND PHOTOVOLTAICS: STRATEGIES AND INTEGRATION CRITERIA
No full textNonostante i numerosi esempi positivi offerti dal panorama architettonico degli ultimi due decenni, alcuni studi hanno dimostrato come esistano ancora delle barriere che limitano l’impiego del fotovoltaico (FV) negli edifici e come spesso queste riguardino aspetti legati all’accettazione delle soluzioni utilizzate, specialmente sul piano della qualità architettonica. Il presente lavoro descrive e analizza alcuni dei numerosi esempi di nuova costruzione o retrofit, nei quali il FV diventa parte integrante del processo progettuale, non solo per gli aspetti concernenti la produzione di energia ma anche per quelli propriamente legati alla funzionalità dell’involucro edilizio, all’efficienza energetica e all’estetica dell’edificio. A partire dall’analisi della letteratura esistente e dei lavori che, nello specifico, hanno tentato di identificare dei criteri per una corretta integrazione architettonica del fotovoltaico e dall’analisi di alcuni edifici ritenuti emblematici, si sono individuati una serie di criteri significativi ai fini della valutazione del “livello di integrazione” del fotovoltaico negli edifici.n spite of the great number of positive examples proposed by the architectural panorama of the last two decades, different studies demonstrated how some barriers still exist in the acceptance of the use of photovoltaics (PV) in buildings and how these barriers are often related to the concerns about the architectural quality of the solutions. The present work describes and analyses some of the numerous examples of new construction or retrofit where photovoltaics turns out an integral part of the building design process, not only for the aspects concerning the energy production, but also for those related to the functionality, energy efficiency and aesthetics of the building. In addition, starting from the study of the works that in literature have attempted to identify some criteria for a correct architectural integration of photovoltaics and from the analysis of emblematic case studies, a list of criteria that are considered relevant to define the integration level of an example of use of photovoltaics in buildings have been defined
Forms of Political Transnationalism: The External Voting of the Italians in Sydney [e-book]
No full textThis book reports research on the political behaviour of
Italians living in Sydney. The aim is to verify the substance of the
widespread criticism brought against the political representation
of external voters: namely that the right to vote is granted to
uninformed and uninterested people who usually abstain.
By using qualitative methods and according to social attributes
such as the different generations of migrants and their level of
education, we address the following research questions: How
do Italians in Sydney participate in Italian politics? What role is
played by the ‘Italian’ networks active in Sydney? What factors
affect the political transnationalism of Italians in Australia? The
results will show significant differences among the various groups
of emigrants in terms of both their interest in Italian politics and
their opinion of the law regulating their right to vote from abroad.This book reports research on the political behaviour of
Italians living in Sydney. The aim is to verify the substance of the
widespread criticism brought against the political representation
of external voters: namely that the right to vote is granted to
uninformed and uninterested people who usually abstain.
By using qualitative methods and according to social attributes
such as the different generations of migrants and their level of
education, we address the following research questions: How
do Italians in Sydney participate in Italian politics? What role is
played by the ‘Italian’ networks active in Sydney? What factors
affect the political transnationalism of Italians in Australia? The
results will show significant differences among the various groups
of emigrants in terms of both their interest in Italian politics and
their opinion of the law regulating their right to vote from abroad
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