35 research outputs found
Evaluation of Treatment Outcomes for Chryseobacterium indologenes Bacteremia developed during Broad-spectrum Antimicrobial Therapy
No full textComparison of baseline characteristics of deceased and surviving patients in general medical wards.
No full textComparison of baseline characteristics of deceased and surviving patients in general medical wards.</p
Long-Term Outcomes of Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bacteriuria: A Retrospective Cohort Study
No full textThe relationship between bacteriuria and subsequent symptomatic infections, particularly bacteraemia, has been a subject of ongoing research. We aim to investigate the clinical characteristics, long-term outcomes, and factors associated with subsequent symptomatic infection following an initial multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa (MDRP) bacteriuria episode. A retrospective cohort study was conducted among patients with MDRP bacteriuria who were hospitalized at a tertiary care hospital from 2009 to 2018, with a 12-month follow-up period for each patient. The primary endpoint was the incidence of subsequent symptomatic MDRP infections at any site, and the secondary endpoint was the overall mortality rate. A total of 260 patients with MDRP bacteriuria were included in the analysis, of whom 155 patients (59.6%) had asymptomatic bacteriuria. Subsequent symptomatic MDRP infections were documented in 79 patients (30.3%) within 12 months of the initial bacteriuria episode: UTI (n = 47, 18.1%), pneumonia (n = 21, 8.1%), bacteraemia (n = 9, 3.5%), soft tissue infection (n = 7, 2.7%), and bone and joint infection (n = 4, 1.5%). Intensive care unit (ICU) acquisition and recurrent bacteriuria were independent risk factors of subsequent symptomatic infections in patients with MDRP bacteriuria. The overall mortality rate was 16.9%, with 31.8% of deaths estimated to be associated with MDRP infection. Solid tumours, cardiovascular diseases, chronic liver disease, chronic lung disease, ICU acquisition, absence of pyuria, and concurrent MDRP bacteraemia were independent predictors of mortality. MDRP bacteriuria has the potential for progression to symptomatic infection and associated mortality. Targeted interventions and prevention strategies were crucial to reduce subsequent infections in patients with MDRP bacteriuria, especially in high-risk patients
Comparison of antibiotic use and MDRO isolation data of deceased and surviving patients.
No full textComparison of antibiotic use and MDRO isolation data of deceased and surviving patients.</p
Frequent Prescription of Antibiotics and High Burden of Antibiotic Resistance among Deceased Patients in General Medical Wards of Acute Care Hospitals in Korea.
No full textBACKGROUND:Antibiotics are often administered to terminally ill patients until death, and antibiotic use contributes to the emergence of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs). We investigated antibiotic use and the isolation of MDROs among patients who died in general medical wards. METHODS:All adult patients who died in the general internal medicine wards at four acute care hospitals between January and June 2013 were enrolled. For comparison with these deceased patients, the same number of surviving, discharged patients was selected from the same divisions of internal medicine subspecialties during the same period. RESULTS:During the study period, 303 deceased patients were enrolled; among them, 265 (87.5%) had do-not-resuscitate (DNR) orders in their medical records. Antibiotic use was more common in patients who died than in those who survived (87.5% vs. 65.7%, P<0.001). Among deceased patients with DNR orders, antibiotic use was continued in 59.6% of patients after obtaining their DNR orders. Deceased patients received more antibiotic therapy courses (two [interquartile range (IQR) 1-3] vs. one [IQR 0-2], P<0.001). Antibiotics were used for longer durations in deceased patients than in surviving patients (13 [IQR 5-23] vs. seven days [IQR 0-18], P<0.001). MDROs were also more common in deceased patients than in surviving patients (25.7% vs. 10.6%, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS:Patients who died in the general medical wards of acute care hospitals were exposed to more antibiotics than patients who survived. In particular, antibiotic prescription was common even after obtaining DNR orders in patients who died. The isolation of MDROs during the hospital stay was more common in these patients who died. Strategies for judicious antibiotic use and appropriate infection control should be applied to these patient populations
Comparison of characteristics of patient with and without MDROs among 303 deceased patients.
No full textComparison of characteristics of patient with and without MDROs among 303 deceased patients.</p
Death-related characteristics of patients who died in the general medical wards.
No full textDeath-related characteristics of patients who died in the general medical wards.</p
Impact of a national hospital evaluation program using clinical performance indicators on the use of surgical antibiotic prophylaxis in Korea
No full textSummaryObjectivesClinical performance measurement in surgical antibiotic prophylaxis (SAP) was implemented as part of a national hospital evaluation program (NHEP) in Korea in 2007. This study investigated changes in SAP quality before and after the implementation of clinical performance measurement.MethodsThe medical records of patients who underwent three types of surgery that were included for assessment in the NHEP (NHEP surgery) – arthroplasty, gastrectomy, and hysterectomy – and two other types of non-NHEP assessment surgery – craniotomy and spine surgery (non-NHEP surgery) – at six hospitals, from August to October in 2006–2008, were retrospectively reviewed. Three clinical indicators of SAP (antibiotic selection, timing of administration of the first dose, and duration) and the development of surgical site infections (SSIs) were compared before and after implementation.ResultsA total of 1949 patients were enrolled: 356 arthroplasty, 273 gastrectomy, 615 hysterectomy, 168 craniotomy, and 537 spinal surgery. There were no significant changes in age, gender, wound class, or ASA score for each surgery during the study period. From 2007, SAP quality was significantly improved in NHEP surgery for the three clinical indicators. The timing of administration of the first dose was most markedly improved. SAP quality was also improved in non-NHEP surgery, but not as much as in NHEP surgery. Changes in the SSI rates for each surgery were not significant.ConclusionsHospital evaluation using clinical performance indicators can considerably improve the use of SAP. Further studies are warranted to investigate whether this hospital evaluation will decrease the development of SSIs
Multifaceted Evaluation of Antibiotic Therapy as a Factor Associated with Candidemia in Non-Neutropenic Patients
No full textWe aimed to evaluate various aspects of antibiotic therapy as factors associated with candidemia in non-neutropenic patients. A retrospective, matched, case-control study was conducted in two teaching hospitals. Patients with candidemia (cases) were compared to patients without candidemia (controls), matched by age, intensive care unit admission, duration of hospitalization, and type of surgery. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with candidemia. A total of 246 patients were included in the study. Of 123 candidemia patients, 36% had catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs). Independent factors in the whole population included immunosuppression (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.195; p = 0.036), total parenteral nutrition (aOR = 3.642; p < 0.001), and anti-methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) therapy for ≥11 days (aOR = 5.151; p = 0.004). The antibiotic factor in the non-CRBSI population was anti-pseudomonal beta-lactam treatment duration of ≥3 days (aOR = 5.260; p = 0.008). The antibiotic factors in the CRBSI population included anti-MRSA therapy for ≥11 days (aOR = 10.031; p = 0.019). Antimicrobial stewardship that reduces exposure to these antibacterial spectra could help prevent the development of candidemia
