1,721,062 research outputs found
KAPOSIS-SARCOMA HERPESVIRUS (KSHU) DNA-SEQUENCES IN THE UROGENITAL TRACT, PROSTATE, AND HUMAN SPERM
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The impact of human papilloma viruses, matrix metallo-proteinases and HIV protease inhibitors on the onset and progression of uterine cervix epithelial tumors: A review of preclinical and clinical studies
Full text linkInfection of uterine cervix epithelial cells by the Human Papilloma Viruses (HPV) is associated with the development of dysplastic/hyperplastic lesions, termed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). CIN lesions may regress, persist or progress to invasive cervical carcinoma (CC), a leading cause of death worldwide. CIN is particularly frequent and aggressive in women infected by both HPV and the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), as compared to the general female population. In these individuals, however, therapeutic regimens employing HIV protease inhibitors (HIV-PI) have reduced CIN incidence and/or clinical progression, shedding light on the mechanism(s) of its development. This article reviews published work concerning: (i) the role of HPV proteins (including HPV-E5, E6 and E7) and of matrix-metalloproteinases (MMPs) in CIN evolution into invasive CC; and (ii) the effect of HIV-PI on events leading to CIN progression such as basement membrane and extracellular matrix invasion by HPV-positive CIN cells and the formation of new blood vessels. Results from the reviewed literature indicate that CIN clinical progression can be monitored by evaluating the expression of MMPs and HPV proteins and they suggest the use of HIV-PI or their derivatives for the block of CIN evolution into CC in both HIV-infected and uninfected women
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus DNA sequences in prostate tissue and human semen
No full textBackground. Sequences of a novel herpesvirus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), have been identified in Kaposi's sarcoma tissue, but it is not known whether the virus is transmitted by sexual contact. Methods. Using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), we searched for KSHV DNA sequences in ejaculates from 43 healthy men and tissue from the urogenital tract or prostate of 100 immunocompetent adults. Results. In an unblinded analysis, we identified KSHV DNA sequences in 2 of 20 tissue specimens from the urinary tract (10 percent; 15 men and 5 women), 3 of 46 specimens from the female genital tract (6.5 percent), 4 of 18 specimens from the glans or foreskin (22 percent), 7 of 16 specimens from the prostate (44 percent), and 30 of 33 ejaculates (91 percent). By contrast, such sequences were present in 1 of 18 samples of normal skin (5.5 percent) and 1 of 14 samples of peripheral-blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs; 7.1 percent). Ejaculates and PBMC samples from each of 10 study subjects were analyzed in a blinded, coded fashion, along with PBMCs and biopsy specimens of normal skin from 4 and 8 other patients, respectively. This analysis confirmed the presence of KSHV DNA sequences in semen. Viral DNA was not found in the sperm heads but was present in the fraction of the ejaculates that contained urothelial and other types of cells. Point mutations were found in PCR products amplified from both prostate tissue and sperm samples. Conclusions. KSHV infects a large proportion of healthy adults and is probably transmitted by sexual contact
Keratoacanthomas: human papillomavirus and herpes simplex virus associated?
No full textBackground: A viral cause for keratoacanthoma has been postulated by many investigators. Recently, some investigators reported the identification of genital high risk human papilloma virus types 16 and 18 in keratoacanthomas from transplant recipients. Observations: We analysed by polymerase chain reaction biopsies of six multiple keratoacanthomas and four solitary keratoacanthoma biopsies for the presence of the most common genital papilloma viruses. All keratoacanthomas included in the study had developed in skin areas exposed to sunlight. In addition, we analysed 16 normal skin tissue biopsies. Six of these control tissue biopsies were from sun-exposed skin areas, while 10 were from skin areas not exposed to sunlight. None of the patients enrolled in the study had clinical evidence of immunosuppression. As herpes simplex virus is associated to a variety of skin diseases and might co-operate with human papilloma virus in cervical cancer, the presence of this virus in bioptic specimen..
The fibroblast growth factors.
No full textWe have reviewed data showing that FGFs are a family of related factors playing fundamental roles in several biologic processes involving tissue remodeling such as embryonic development, angiogenesis, wound healing, nerve regeneration, and chronic inflammation and cancer. These processes are dependent on several biologic responses mediated by FGFs, including cell survival, proliferation, migration, invasion and differentiation
The formation of new blood vessels in Kaposi’s sarcoma.
No full textAbnormal and intense new blood vessel formation is a general feature of all clinical-epidemiological forms of Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS). This chapter summarizes key aspects of the scientific literature regarding the genesis of new vessels in KS lesions, in an effort to draw a unifying view of KS initiation and progression
HIV protease inhibitors: antiretroviral agents with anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic and anti-tumour activity
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