4,344 research outputs found
Rohingya influx and host community: A reflection on culture for leading socioeconomic and environmental changes in Bangladesh
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Refugees and Environmental Sustainability: The Case of Rohingya Inflow from Myanmar to Bangladesh
No full textLa tesi fornisce un'analisi approfondita della discriminazione persistente, della violenza etnica, della persecuzione, dello sterminio e del genocidio affrontati dalla minoranza Rohingya nello stato di Rakhine in Myanmar. La tesi si addentra anche nella migrazione forzata del popolo Rohingya in Bangladesh e nelle successive crisi umanitarie nel campo profughi di Cox Bazar. Durante la loro permanenza nel campo, i rifugiati hanno incontrato numerose sfide, in particolare relative all'integrazione tra comunità ospitante e rifugiati e a questioni ambientali. La domanda di ricerca principale della tesi ruota attorno alla comprensione dell'apolidia e del genocidio dei Rohingya in Myanmar in concomitanza con i cambiamenti socio-economici e ambientali nel paese ospitante. Sia i rifugiati e sia la comunità ospitante hanno sperimentato difficoltà socioeconomiche e ambientali. Di conseguenza, raggiungere la sostenibilità socio-economica e ambientale nell'area del campo rappresenta una sfida significativa. L'obiettivo principale della tesi è esplorare percorsi verso il raggiungimento della sostenibilità socio-economica e ambientale.
I risultati della tesi hanno evidenziato le vulnerabilità prolungate affrontate dalla minoranza Rohingya sia in Myanmar che in Bangladesh. Attraverso l'analisi dei contenuti, la tesi ha dimostrato che la comunità Rohingya ha sopportato discriminazioni prolungate, violenza etnica, persecuzione e genocidio in Myanmar. La violenza del 2017 durò diverse settimane e almeno 24.000 Rohingya furono uccisi, migliaia di donne furono violentate e innumerevoli case Rohingya furono incendiate. Circa 700.000 Rohingya sono fuggiti in Bangladesh per sfuggire alla violenza, che l'ONU ha definito genocidio.
I dati empirici raccolti dal campo profughi hanno mostrato che i Rohingya sono stati vittime di genocidio di massa, stupri di gruppo e incendi dolosi. Ci sono stati resoconti strazianti di morti per fuoco, sparatorie, accoltellamenti, ustioni, percosse, asfissia, rapimenti, stupri e violenza sessuale. La missione di accertamento dei fatti delle Nazioni Unite ha trovato casi di genocidio, sterminio e stupro nello stato di Rakhine durante l'operazione di bonifica nel 2017. Inoltre, i Rohingya e le comunità ospitanti hanno vissuto tremende crisi socioeconomiche e ambientali nell'area del campo. Le crisi che hanno causato l'area del campo sono instabilità del mercato, declino delle terre coltivabili, inquinamento, deforestazione, crisi idrica e igienico-sanitaria, fallimento della legge e dell'ordine e uso di droghe. I Rohingya e le comunità ospitanti sperimentano e soffrono anche di disastri naturali e artificiali che mettono a repentaglio le loro vite e la loro sicurezza. I nostri dati hanno mostrato che ogni anno molti rifugiati muoiono, si feriscono e vengono sfollati a causa di calamità naturali, alcune delle quali sono gravi e mortali. Nonostante i numerosi tentativi organizzativi e governativi di migliorare la sicurezza ambientale per le comunità, i nostri dati suggeriscono che i miglioramenti non sono evidenti.
È fondamentale sviluppare una strategia completa e a lungo termine per promuovere la sostenibilità socioeconomica e ambientale per i residenti locali e i rifugiati. Le agenzie di sviluppo e le parti interessate dovrebbero collaborare per facilitare la coesistenza sostenibile e l'imboschimento nell'area del campo. Le autorità e i gruppi di supporto dovrebbero mettere in atto misure adeguate per prevenire potenziali crisi di calamità e garantire la sostenibilità ambientale delle comunità.The thesis provides an in-depth analysis of the persistent discrimination, ethnic violence, persecution, extermination, and eventual genocide faced by the Rohingya minority in Myanmar's Rakhine state. It also delves into the forced migration of Rohingya people to Bangladesh and the subsequent humanitarian crises in the refugee camp in Cox’s Bazar. During their time in the camp, the Rohingya refugees encountered numerous challenges, particularly related to host and refugee integration and environmental issues. The core research question of the thesis revolves around comprehending the statelessness and genocide of the Rohingyas in Myanmar in conjunction with the socio-economic and environmental changes in the host country. Both refugees and hosts have experienced socio-economic and environmental hardships. As a result, achieving socio-economic and environmental sustainability in the camp area is a significant challenge. The primary focus of the thesis is to explore pathways towards achieving socio-economic and environmental sustainability. The thesis consists of five chapters. The first chapter explores the historical exclusion of the Rohingya people in Myanmar. The second chapter examines the issues surrounding the Rohingya and refugees from theoretical and legal perspectives, emphasizing environmental connections. Chapter three delves into the genocide perpetrated against the Rohingya in Myanmar. The fourth chapter analyzes the socioeconomic and environmental relationships between refugees and local communities, while the final chapter addresses the environmental challenges refugees and locals face each year.
The findings of the thesis highlighted the enduring vulnerabilities faced by the Rohingya minority in both Myanmar and Bangladesh. Through content analysis, the thesis demonstrated that the Rohingya community has endured prolonged discrimination, ethnic violence, persecution, and genocide in Myanmar. The violence that occurred in 2017 lasted for several weeks and killed at least 24 000 Rohingyas, raped thousands of women, and torched uncountable Rohingya houses. Around 700,000 Rohingya fled to Bangladesh to escape from the violence, which the UN termed as genocide.
The empirical data collected from the refugee camp showed that Rohingyas were the victims of mass genocide, gang rape, and arson. There were harrowing accounts of deaths by fire, shootings, stabbings, burnings, beatings, asphyxia, kidnapping, rape and sexual violence. The UN Fact-finding mission found instances of genocide, extermination, and rape in the Rakhine state during the Clearance operation in 2017. Moreover, Rohingyas and host communities have been experiencing tremendous socioeconomic and environmental crises in the camp area. The crises that have resulted in the camp area are market instability, cultivable land decline, pollution, deforestation, water and sanitation crisis, law and order failure, and drug use. Rohingya and host communities also experience and suffer from both natural and artificial disasters that endanger their lives and security. Our data showed that every year, many refugees die, get injured, and are displaced due to natural disasters, some of which are severe and deadly. Despite numerous organizational and governmental attempts to improve environmental security for the communities, our data suggests that the improvements are not noticeable.
Developing a comprehensive and long-term strategy, such as engaging refugees and locals in social, economic, and environmental activities to foster socio-economic and environmental sustainability, is crucial. Development agencies and stakeholders should collaborate to facilitate sustainable coexistence and afforestation in the camp area. Authorities and support groups should implement adequate measures to prevent potential disaster crises and ensure the environmental sustainability of the communities
sj-docx-1-pat-10.1177_2632010X231180797 – Supplemental material for Elevated Serum IL-2 Levels are Associated With Major Depressive Disorder: A Case-Control Study
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-pat-10.1177_2632010X231180797 for Elevated Serum IL-2 Levels are Associated With Major Depressive Disorder: A Case-Control Study by Farhana Islam Suhee, Mohammad Shahriar, Sardar Mohammad Ashraful Islam, Mohiuddin Ahmed Bhuiyan and Md. Rabiul Islam in Clinical Pathology</p
Urban Local Government and Environmental Management in Bangladesh: A Study on Chunarughat Paurashava
Full text linkUrban local government is a vital part for the delivery of services to people. Along with other responsibilities, urban local government in Bangladesh is also responsible for environmental management. This study aims to identify the role of Paurashavas (which are administrative units at every municipality composed of elected members) in protecting a healthy and clean environment. Examining Chunarughat Paurashava, the study finds that Paurashavas have an important role in environmental management such as garbage collection, waste disposal, sewerage construction, public park protection, and so on. However, the provision of these kinds of services is hindered by various lacks, like infrastructure, logistic support, trained manpower, and funds, as well as peoples’ participation. The study makes various recommendations to overcome these problems.local government, environmental management, Bangladesh, Paurashava, Chunarughat
Indigenous Gastronomy in the Chittagong Hill Tracts: A Study on the Application of Information Technology for Tourism Development
No full textNowadays, Information Technology is an effective tool for tourists to choose how they enjoy their pastimes in the postmodern world. Information and communication technologies provide a prospect to promote gastronomy in the tourism industry. Indigenous gastronomy is one of the major attractions to the tourists beyond globalized common cuisine. The Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT) is the area of inhabitants of eleven indigenous communities, and characterized as the districts of cultural diversity, multi-ethnic food and beauty of natural settings in South Asia. In CHT, indigenous food culture is currently an utmost desirable cuisine to the tourists whenever they sensitize it as a “primitive” dish. Hotels, motels, and restaurants exhibit different indigenous traditional food items in their menus to draw the attention of the visitors. They distribute leaflets and hang banners by addressing traditional food lists of indigenous communities. Many tourist agencies advertise the hotels, motels and restaurants with indigenous food items to drag tourists in local and national print and electronic media. Thousands of webs, online groups, and pages are found comprising indigenous gastronomy and showing its special appearance for the national and international tourists who have a keen interest in local cuisine especially traditional indigenous culinary. Some motel and cottage owners appoint indigenous people in their offices and restaurants to get tourists’ attraction. So, the chapter will travel around the application of information and communication technologies to promote the indigenous gastronomy in the CHT. Moreover, it will also illustrate how social media are playing a contributing role to the development of indigenous gastronomy in this tourist hub of Bangladesh. Methodologically, the ethnographic approaches were employed to collect data from the field
Stenog-Shell framework for anonymous file exchange
No full textEmail systems and removable storage devices are the two most popular and user-friendly mechanisms of file exchange that provide privacy preserving and security for data communication. Most previous work has focused on mitigating external attacks on data communication by improving data encryption and integrity techniques. In this paper, we present a novel anonymization-based framework (Stenog-Shell) that focuses on internal attacks on breached emails and stolen removable storage devices (i.e., the attacks from the insiders of an organization who have full awareness and even access to the targeted data). We also propose a novel scheme to disguise the file's identity based on stenography. To evaluate our approach, we implemented our Stenog-Shell prototype and tested it with a realistic application in both emails and removable storage devices environments. Our results indicate that our Stenog-Shell prototype can effectively support several file formats with low memory usage and high performance.Talal H. Noor, Mohammad Hweidi, Ahmed Mohiuddin, Damith Ranasingh
Mathematics, Logic, and their Philosophies:Essays in Honour of Mohammad Ardeshir
No full textThis volume is a collection of essays in honour of Professor Mohammad Ardeshir. It examines topics which, in one way or another, are connected to the various aspects of his multidisciplinary research interests. Based on this criterion, the book is divided into three general categories. The first category includes papers on non-classical logics, including intuitionistic logic, constructive logic, basic logic, and substructural logic. The second category is made up of papers discussing issues in the contemporary philosophy of mathematics and logic. The third category contains papers on Avicenna’s logic and philosophy.Mohammad Ardeshir is a full professor of mathematical logic at the Department of Mathematical Sciences, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran, where he has taught generations of students for around a quarter century. Mohammad Ardeshir is known in the first place for his prominent works in basic logic and constructive mathematics. His areas of interest are however much broader and include topics in intuitionistic philosophy of mathematics and Arabic philosophy of logic and mathematics. In addition to numerous research articles in leading international journals, Ardeshir is the author of a highly praised Persian textbook in mathematical logic. Partly through his writings and translations, the school of mathematical intuitionism was introduced to the Iranian academic community
Mathematics, Logic, and their Philosophies:Essays in Honour of Mohammad Ardeshir
No full textThis volume is a collection of essays in honour of Professor Mohammad Ardeshir. It examines topics which, in one way or another, are connected to the various aspects of his multidisciplinary research interests. Based on this criterion, the book is divided into three general categories. The first category includes papers on non-classical logics, including intuitionistic logic, constructive logic, basic logic, and substructural logic. The second category is made up of papers discussing issues in the contemporary philosophy of mathematics and logic. The third category contains papers on Avicenna’s logic and philosophy.Mohammad Ardeshir is a full professor of mathematical logic at the Department of Mathematical Sciences, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran, where he has taught generations of students for around a quarter century. Mohammad Ardeshir is known in the first place for his prominent works in basic logic and constructive mathematics. His areas of interest are however much broader and include topics in intuitionistic philosophy of mathematics and Arabic philosophy of logic and mathematics. In addition to numerous research articles in leading international journals, Ardeshir is the author of a highly praised Persian textbook in mathematical logic. Partly through his writings and translations, the school of mathematical intuitionism was introduced to the Iranian academic community
Tobacco Consumption and the Menace of Oral Cancer in Karachi (Mohammad Mohiuddin Alamgir)
Full text linkOral cancer is among the leading cancer type in South Central Asian men. In India, oral cancer isthe leading cancer type among men and third most common cancer among women1 Oralprecancerous lesions (PCLs) such as leukoplakia and submucous fibrosis have a variablyreported incidence from 0.4% to 24% from different parts of the world with a transformation rateof 2–12% to frank malignancies.2 In Pakistan, cancer of the oral cavity and pharynx are amongstthe commonest type of cance
Mathematics, Logic, and their Philosophies:Essays in Honour of Mohammad Ardeshir
No full textThis volume is a collection of essays in honour of Professor Mohammad Ardeshir. It examines topics which, in one way or another, are connected to the various aspects of his multidisciplinary research interests. Based on this criterion, the book is divided into three general categories. The first category includes papers on non-classical logics, including intuitionistic logic, constructive logic, basic logic, and substructural logic. The second category is made up of papers discussing issues in the contemporary philosophy of mathematics and logic. The third category contains papers on Avicenna’s logic and philosophy.Mohammad Ardeshir is a full professor of mathematical logic at the Department of Mathematical Sciences, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran, where he has taught generations of students for around a quarter century. Mohammad Ardeshir is known in the first place for his prominent works in basic logic and constructive mathematics. His areas of interest are however much broader and include topics in intuitionistic philosophy of mathematics and Arabic philosophy of logic and mathematics. In addition to numerous research articles in leading international journals, Ardeshir is the author of a highly praised Persian textbook in mathematical logic. Partly through his writings and translations, the school of mathematical intuitionism was introduced to the Iranian academic community
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