433 research outputs found
Revealing the secret life of pre-implantation embryos by time-lapse monitoring: A review
No full textHigh implantation success following in vitro fertilization cycles are achieved via the
transfer of embryos with the highest developmental competence. Multiple
pregnancies as a result of the transfer of several embryos per cycle accompany with
various complication. Thus, single-embryo transfer (SET) is the preferred practice in
assisted reproductive technique (ART) treatment. In order to improve the pregnancy
rate for SET, embryologists need reliable biomarkers to aid their selection of
embryos with the highest developmental potential. Time-lapse technology is a
noninvasive alternative conventional microscopic assessment. It provides
uninterrupted and continues the survey of embryo development to transfer day.
Today, there are four time-lapse systems that are commercially available for ART
centers. In world and Iran, the first time lapse babies were born in 2010 and 2015,
respectively, conceived by SET. Here, we review the use of time-lapse monitoring in
the observation of embryogenesis as well as its role in SET. Although, the findings
from our review support common use of time-lapse monitoring in ART centers; but,
future large studies assessing this system in well-designed trials are necessary
sj-pdf-2-ejo-10.1177_11206721221113681 - Supplemental material for Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT angiography) in anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION): A systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textSupplemental material, sj-pdf-2-ejo-10.1177_11206721221113681 for Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT angiography) in anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION): A systematic review and meta-analysis by Mohammad Reza Khalili, Fion Bremner, Reza Tabrizi and Ali Bashi in European Journal of Ophthalmology</p
sj-pdf-1-ejo-10.1177_11206721221113681 - Supplemental material for Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT angiography) in anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION): A systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textSupplemental material, sj-pdf-1-ejo-10.1177_11206721221113681 for Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT angiography) in anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION): A systematic review and meta-analysis by Mohammad Reza Khalili, Fion Bremner, Reza Tabrizi and Ali Bashi in European Journal of Ophthalmology</p
Does rescue in vitro maturation of germinal vesicle stage oocytes impair embryo morphokinetics development?
No full textSummaryCurrently, rescue in vitro maturation (IVM) is not a routine method in assisted reproductive treatment (ART) programmes but is a promising procedure for ART to improve IVM. The aim of this study was to compare embryo morphokinetics of germinal vesicles (GV) with metaphase II (MII) oocytes from controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) cycles by time-lapse photography monitoring (TLM). Morphokinetics of the same number of embryos derived from the in vivo (group I) and rescue of in vitro matured oocytes (group II) from 310 patients were analyzed and compared retrospectively. The time to form second PB extrusion (tPB2), time of pronuclei appearance (tPNa), time of pronuclei fading (tPNf) and time of two to eight discrete cells (t2-t8) were assessed. Abnormal cleavage patterns such as uneven blastomeres at the two-cell stage, cell fusion (Fu), trichotomous mitoses (TM), and the rates of embryo arrest were assessed. These data showed that tPB2, tPNa, tPNf, t2, t3 and t4 stages took place later in group II compared with group I (P<0.001, P=0.017, P<0.001, P<0.001, P<0.001, P<0.001, respectively). The rates of uneven blastomeres, Fu, TM, and embryo arrest were increased significantly in group II compared with group I (P=0.001, P<0.001, P=0.003, P<0.001, respectively). Based on the exact annotation of timing parameters and cleavage patterns, the present data agreed with the concept that rescue IVM of oocytes negatively influences embryo morphokinetics. Therefore, cautious use of embryos derived from rescue IVM of GV oocytes should be made
The effect of vitrification on ultrastructure of human in vitro matured germinal vesicle oocytes.
No full textObjective: To describe the possible effects of cryotop vitrification on maturation rate and ultrastructural morphology of human in vitro matured germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes. Study design: A total of 301surplus immature GV oocytes obtained from infertile patients were allocated into two groups: (i) GV oocytes (n = 150) matured in vitro (fIVM), and (ii) GV oocytes (n = 151) that were first vitrified, then matured in vitro (vIVM). Supernumerary fresh in vivo matured oocytes (n = 10) were used as controls. The maturation media was Ham's F10 supplemented with FSH + LH and human follicular fluid. After 36 h of incubation, the oocytes were investigated for nuclear maturation and ultrastructural changes using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results: Oocyte maturation rates were reduced (P < 0.001) in vIVM (45.92%) in comparison with fIVM oocytes (75.33%). The rate of degeneration was also significantly higher in vIVM than in the fIVM group (44.4% vs. 6.0%). Large and numerous mitochondria and minute vesicles of smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) complexes (MV complexes) were observed in both fIVM and vIVM groups. In addition, TEM revealed a drastic reduction in amount of cortical granules (CGs) at the cortex of vitrified-warmed GV oocytes, as well as appearance of vacuoles and small mitochondria-SER aggregates in the ooplasm. Conclusion: The vitrification procedure is associated with ultrastructural alterations in specific oocyte microdomains, presumably related to the reduced competence of cryopreserved oocytes for maturation. This information emphasizes the need for further work on advancing the cryotechnology of human oocytes. © 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd
Ultrastructure of human ovarian tissues and risk of cancer cells re-implantation after transplantation to chick embryo chorioallantois membrane (CAM) following vitrification or slow freezing
No full textOvarian follicle depletion and premature ovarian failure are significant challenges in cancer patients subjected to radio- or chemotherapy. Ovarian tissue (OT) cryopreservation would be an option when other fertility preservation methods are not accessible.
This study aimed to analyze the structure and ultrastructure of human OTs transplanted onto chick embryo chorioallantois membrane (CAM) after cryopreservation by vitrification or slow freezing. OTs from 10 cancer patients underwent cryopreservation. CAM transplantation was done on fresh and cryopreserved OTs, to assign samples to nine study groups as follows: 1) FI-FIII = fresh, 5- and 10-days post-CAM transplantation groups; 2) VI-VIII = vitrified, 5- and 10-days post-transplantation vitrified groups; 3) SFI-SFIII: slow frozen, 5- and 10-days post-transplantation slow freezing groups. Proliferation ability, folliculogenesis, and structural and ultrastructure were analyzed.
The density of primordial follicles did not change after both freezing methods, but reduced after 5 (P ≥ 0.05) and 10 days (P ≤ 0.05) post-CAM transplantation. The follicular grade significantly decreased in all transplanted tissues (P ≤ 0.0). The proliferation marker increased after cryopreservation, but reduced after transplantation (P ≤ 0.05). TEM evaluation showed better follicular ultrastructure in the fresh group, after transplantation. Stromal ultrastructure appeared more preserved after vitrification compared with slow freezing. There was no sign of malignant cell contamination after transplantation.
Some follicular TEM abnormalities were found in both methods of freezing, with a better transplantation rate after vitrification. Also, enhanced follicular activation resulted in faster follicular depletion in this method. The information regarding post grafting events would improve our knowledge for longer OTs' lifespans
Ultrastructure of mitochondria of human oocytes in different clinical conditions during assisted reproduction
No full textAbstract
Infertility affects around 8% of couples with a slight change in percentage in the last years. Despite the significant efforts made in Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ARTs) in handling this disorder, oocyte quality remains a crucial factor for a positive outcome. A better understanding of the dynamics underlying oocyte maturation, fertilization, and embryo development remains one of the main areas for progress in the ARTs field. Mitochondria are believed to play an essential role in these processes. Mitochondria have a crucial part in producing energy for oocyte maturation and embryo development throughout precise cellular functions comprising Ca2+ homeostasis regulation, glycolysis, amino acid and fatty acid metabolism, and regulation of apoptosis. Recent studies suggest that mitochondrial structure, content, and function may be related to oocyte competence, embryo viability, and implantation success during ARTs. Their defects could lead to low fertilization rates and embryonic development failure. This review aimed to provide an overview of the available literature data surrounding the correlation between changes at ultrastructural level of mitochondria or correlated-mitochondrial aggregates and oocyte quality and ARTs treatments. Our reported data demonstrated that oocyte mitochondrial ultrastructural alterations could be partial or complete recovery during the early embryo stages. However, these changes could persist as quiescent during the pre-implantation embryo development, causing abnormalities that become evident only during fetal and postnatal life. These factors led to consider the mitochondria as a crucial marker of oocyte and embryo quality, as well as a strategic target for further prospective therapeutical approaches
SlideWiki – A Platform for Authoring FAIR Educational Content
No full textSlideWiki.org is a Web-based OpenCourseWare (OCW) authoring system that enables educators and learners to collaborate on creating, sharing, re-using and re-purposing multi-lingual open educational content. The SlideWiki platform allows people to author FAIR(Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) educational content.SlideWiki supports many features to semantically-enrich educational con-tent to support FAIR authoring. In this paper we will present those features of the platform such as Linked Data interface, manual and automatic content annotation as well as content linking and metadataSee CEUR version on http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2198/paper_108.pd
First successful live birth following the use of MSOME and time lapse for sperm and embryo selections in a patient with severe male factor infertility: A case report
No full textWe report a case of healthy live birth from a couple diagnosed with oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT). They failed three ICSI cycles in the past 11 years. In the last cycle, the ovarian stimulation was done with antagonist protocol and six oocytes were aspirated. Semen sample was prepared by one layer gradient. 10 class I spermatozoa were selected by motile-sperm organelle-morphology examination (MSOME) according to Cassuto criteria. The selected spermatozoa were then injected into the MII oocytes. 16–18 h after ICSI, three zygotes was formed and, then, cultured in the time lapse monitoring (TLM) for 3 days. Two best embryos were selected according to the morphokinetic status for transfer. A singleton pregnancy was achieved, resulting in the birth of a healthy baby. This successful outcome shows that use of high technologies of MSOME and TLM procedures are useful for selection of the best spermatozoa and embryos in case of severe male infertility
Does in vitro application of pentoxifylline have beneficial effects in assisted male reproduction?
No full textAbstract
Application of nonspecific phosphodiesterases inhibitors, such as pentoxifylline (PTX), is a strategy utilised to aid sperm selection from immotile sperm samples prior to ICSI. No extensive studies have yet been performed to verify the safety of the clinical outcomes of ICSI after PTX administration. In this article, we summarise the data reported in the literature that assess the implication of in vitro usage of PTX on sperm parameters, as well as clinical outcomes during assisted male reproduction programme
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