8 research outputs found
Origins and Development of Digital Journalism: Influence of Culture and Practices
No full textNotably, a Google search with the statement “articles on digital journalism” provides readers with more than 700,000 results. That number truly vouches for increasing research in this field. However, it has been over three decades since digital technologies were introduced into journalism. It is noted that not many agree with the term digital journalism and the processes attached to it. For others, it is more like a routine process; they consider it as mere “journalism” rather than digital journalism. In this chapter, while the author explores the definitions of the expression digital journalism, the researcher also comes up with a narrative review of the origins and development of this journalism stream. This chapter discusses the history of digital journalism, where the earliest reference to using technology in journalism was recorded in the 1950s. It also tries to define it through an extensive study of available literature. In this research, the author investigated and evaluated the influence of convergence culture in shaping digital journalism. This led to the current scenario where everything is interconnected, in the cloud, readily available and on-demand for consumption. While concluding this chapter, the author highlights how different streams of journalism have adjusted to the new wave of technology, giving rise to new skill-based job opportunities. Ultimately, the author elucidates how digital journalism is an ever-evolving process by discussing new and ongoing changes on various digital platforms that are changing the whole game in today’s times and will be even more relevant for future journalism practices.
Keywords: Digital Journalism, Convergence Culture, Journalism and Technology, History of Journalism, Digital Media, Evolution of Journalism
Optical image encryption using fresnel zone plate mask based on fast walsh hadamard transform
No full textElectrochemical Investigations of BaCe0.7-xSmxZr0.2Y0.1O3-δ Sintered at a Low Sintering Temperature as a Perovskite Electrolyte for IT-SOFCs
No full textPerovskite materials have gained a lot of interest in solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) applications owing to their exceptional properties; however, ideal perovskites exhibit proton conduction due to availability of low oxygen vacancies, which limit their application as SOFC electrolytes. In the current project, Sm was doped at the B-site of a BaCe0.7-xSmxZr0.2Y0.1O3-δ perovskite electrolyte for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs). BaCe0.7-xSmxZr0.2Y0.1O3-δ electrolytes were synthesized through a cost-effective coprecipitation method and were sintered at a low sintering temperature. The effects of samarium (Sm) doping on the electrochemical performance of BaCe0.7-xSmxZr0.2Y0.1O3-δ were investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed that the BaCe0.7-xSmxZr0.2Y0.1O3-δ electrolyte material retained the perovskite structure. The secondary phase of Sm2O3 was observed for BaCe0.4Sm0.3Zr0.2Y0.1O3-δ. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) imaging displayed the dense microstructure for all the compositions, while prominent crystal growth was observed for composition x = 0.3. The formation of the perovskite structure and the presence of the hydroxyl groups of metal oxides for all the compositions were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). An increased symmetrical disturbance was also observed for the increased doping ratio of the Sm. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of all the compositions showed no major weight loss in the SOFC operating temperature range. It was also noted that the conductivity of BaCe0.7-xSmxZr0.2Y0.1O3-δ gradually decreased with the increased contents of the Sm metal. The maximum power density of 390 mW cm−2, and an open-circuit voltage (OCV) of 1.0 V at 600 °C, were obtained, showing that BaCe0.7-xSmxZr0.2Y0.1O3-δ, synthesized by a cost-effective method and sintered at a low temperature, can be used as a proton-conducting electrolyte for IT-SOFCs.Rivers, Ports, Waterways and Dredging Engineerin
Editorial diversity correlates with journal impact factor and author diversity in cardiothoracic surgery
No full textIntroduction: While there are no widely accepted diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) metrics for journals, geographic and sex diversity across a journal\u27s editorial board may provide a surrogate measure of its commitment to DEI. We explored the association between journal quality and DEI metrics for cardiothoracic surgery (CTS) journals and investigated whether editorial diversity correlates with diversity across published articles.Methods: We collected the following data for 30 CTS journals: country of publication (categorized by income level), journal quality metrics (citation-based metrics, e.g., impact factor (IF) or H-index), and sex and geographic representation across editorial boards and published articles. Bivariate correlations between numeric variables were assessed using Spearman\u27s correlation.Results: Female representation across editorial boards was 12.1%. Most editorial board members belonged to the United States (35.2%), with only 7.4% from the lower-middle-income countries and 0% from low-income countries. IF showed a strong positive correlation with female editorial representation (r = 0.70) but an inverse correlation with low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) editorial representation (r = -0.45). Female editorial representation demonstrated a significant positive correlation with female first authorship (r = 0.45), whereas LMIC editorial representation correlated strongly with LMIC corresponding authorship (r = 0.85).Conclusion: Women and researchers from LMICs are in the minority across editorial boards of CTS journals. However, a strong correlation between journal H-index and female editorial representation indicates that top-ranked journals are spearheading efforts to improve equitable sex-based and gender representations. Similar efforts are required to ensure more global geographic representation across editorial boards and top-ranked CTS journals are the best placed to lead by example
Empowering canine genomics: Design and validation of a High-Density SNP array for Indian dogs
Get PDFIndia harbours a substantial population of 9.43 million dogs, showcasing diverse phenotypes and utility. Initiatives focusing on awareness, conservation and informed breeding can greatly enhance the recognition and welfare of the unique Indian canine heritage. This study describes the design and development of a high density SNP array for genomic characterization of Indian dogs. Paired-end (150bp) DNA sequences from four diverse dog populations were generated with 10X coverage, following the standard pipeline of Axiom Array technology for chip design. More than 23 million raw SNPs were initially identified, with 629,597 SNP markers ultimately tiled on the Indian canine array (Axiom_Shwaan) after stringent filtering and processing. With an inter-marker distance of 3.8 kb the Axiom_Shwaan greatly increases the canine genome coverage. The array was validated by genotyping 186 samples representing 11 dog breeds/populations from India. The high call rate (99%) of SNPs on the designed chip indicates its suitability for use in Indian dog populations, reflecting sufficient genetic diversity. The principal component and phylogenetic analyses delineated the native dog breeds into discrete groups. This high-density SNP array will empower future applications in population genetics, breed/selection signature identification, development of trait-specific biomarkers and genome-wide data mining for various canine abilities.The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the pdf file of the accepted manuscript may differ slightly from what is displayed on the item page. The information in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript reflects the original submission by the author
Disparities in gender and race representation among authors of inflammatory bowel disease clinical trials
No full textBackground and Aims: Female physicians, particularly those from minority populations, are significantly underrepresented in research authorship in gastroenterology. This underrepresentation negatively impacts their career progression. This study analyses gender and race representation trends in published clinical trials in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and associated factors. Methods: Inflammatory bowel disease clinical trials were identified from ClinicalTrials.gov and www.ibd-eii.com, spanning the years 1955 to 2023. The variable gender was extracted for all authors and race was extracted for first, second, senior, corresponding authors, and principal investigator (PI) using predictive tools and manual verification. Data on authorship, trial characteristics, and sponsorship were collected. Results: A total of 438 clinical trials involving 5517 authors were analyzed. Females constituted 26.3% of authors, 17.1% of first authors, 6.1% of senior authors, and 24.2% of PIs, with nonwhite individuals representing 12.3% of first authors, 5.9% of senior authors, and 18.8% of PIs. Female representation increased from 1971 to 2023 but remained substantially lower relative to male representation. Industry-sponsored trials had the lowest female author and PI representation while nonindustry, single-center, pediatric, and advanced therapy trials had higher female representation. Conclusions: This study highlights persistent gender and racial disparities in IBD trial authorship and leadership despite some progress over the decades. Female and nonwhite individuals remain underrepresented, especially in industry-sponsored trials and in senior authorship roles. Systemic interventions are warranted to foster an inclusive and equitable research environment, including mentorship and support for underrepresented groups.</p
Cultural and Digital Tech Virtual Exhibit
Get PDF1. Land Acknowledgement2. Adorable Resonance of Memories: The Final Symphony3. Canadian Indigenous Music Showcase4. The Importance of 2SLGBTQ+ Literature5. Ko’jua: Mi’kmaq “Dance of Vigour”6. Life After Losing Your Soldier7. Northern Portugal Cultural Dancing: Exploring the Rhythms of Tradition8. Quilted and Never Forgotten: A Virtual Exhibit9. Truck Art - From the heartWelcome to Cultural and Digital Tech Virtual Exhibit, a dynamic digital collection showcasing artistic practices from diverse cultures. This compilation is the result of student-led projects from EDST 2120U: Culture and Digital Technologies, a course taught by Dr. Anna Rodrigues during the Fall 2023 semester at Ontario Tech University. Through immersive virtual exhibits, this Open Educational Resource (OER) invites audiences to explore cultural artistry through interactive websites featuring photos, text, and videos that provide rich insights into various artistic traditions.
The exhibits presented in this collection span a wide range of cultural expressions, from traditional dances and musical compositions, to literary contributions and visual storytelling. Each project highlights the significance of cultural heritage in the digital age, making artistic traditions more accessible to a global audience. Below is an overview of the ten virtual exhibits included in this compilation:
Adorable Resonance of Memories: The Final Symphony – This exhibit immerses viewers in the final concerts of the band Adorable, offering a curated collection of photos, videos, and interviews that explore their musical legacy and influence.
Canadian Indigenous Music Showcase – This exhibit connects the Seven Fires Prophecy to the evolution of Indigenous music in Canada, showcasing how musicians incorporate themes of resilience, cultural revitalization, and Indigenous identity into their work.
The Importance of 2SLGBTQ+ Literature – Examining the significance of representation in literature, this exhibit delves into the cultural impact of queer author Richard Siken and the historical exclusion of 2SLGBTQ+ voices in mainstream storytelling.
Ko’jua: Mi’kmaq “Dance of Vigour” – This exhibit brings attention to the traditional Mi’kmaq dance, Ko’jua, and its cultural importance to the Indigenous people of the Maritimes, aiming to enhance awareness and appreciation of this underrepresented art form.
Life After Losing Your Soldier – Centered on the experiences of military widows, this exhibit provides a poignant exploration of loss, resilience, and the cultural significance of military widowhood through personal narratives and interviews.
Northern Portugal Cultural Dancing: Exploring the Rhythms of Tradition – Delve into the world of Northern Portuguese folk dance through this exhibit, featuring historical context, cultural significance, and an interview with a traditional dancer.
Quilted and Never Forgotten: A Virtual Exhibit – Explore the art of quilting in Canada, from Mennonite craftsmanship to quilts that encode historical narratives, celebrating this intricate and meaningful tradition.
Truck Art: From the Heart – A vibrant tribute to Pakistani Truck Art, this exhibit showcases how this unique artistic tradition merges creativity and cultural identity, transforming everyday vehicles into mobile masterpieces.
By bringing these diverse artistic practices into a virtual spac
Global PIQA: Evaluating Physical Commonsense Reasoning Across 100+ Languages and Cultures
No full textTo date, there exist almost no culturally-specific evaluation benchmarks for large language models (LLMs) that cover a large number of languages and cultures. In this paper, we present Global PIQA, a participatory commonsense reasoning benchmark for over 100 languages, constructed by hand by 335 researchers from 65 countries around the world. The 116 language varieties in Global PIQA cover five continents, 14 language families, and 23 writing systems. In the non-parallel split of Global PIQA, over 50% of examples reference local foods, customs, traditions, or other culturally-specific elements. We find that state-of-the-art LLMs perform well on Global PIQA in aggregate, but they exhibit weaker performance in lower-resource languages (up to a 37% accuracy gap, despite random chance at 50%). Open models generally perform worse than proprietary models. Global PIQA highlights that in many languages and cultures, everyday knowledge remains an area for improvement, alongside more widely-discussed capabilities such as complex reasoning and expert knowledge. Beyond its uses for LLM evaluation, we hope that Global PIQA provides a glimpse into the wide diversity of cultures in which human language is embedded.See §A for author list. Global PIQA would not be possible without the efforts of all of the authors. Wealso thank several anonymous contributors who preferred not to be authors on this paper. The research of Yolanda Xavier is supported by Portuguese national funding through the FCT– Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, I.P. as part of the project UID/3213/2025– Linguistics Research Centre of NOVA University Lisbon (CLUNL) and by the Doctoral Grant (FCT PhD grant) number 2022.13977.BD from the same funder. Group 0025 is supported by the following grants: CLARIN-PL (POIR.04.02.00-00C002/19, FENG.02.04-IP.040004/24, 2024/WK/01), DARIAH-PL (POIR.04.02.00-00-D006/20, KPOD.01.18-IW.03-0013/23). Annika Simonsen was funded by the European Commission under grant agreement no. 101135671. CEB has been partially funded by the German ministry for education and research (BMBF) through the TRAILS project (grant number 01IW24005). Group 0070 is supported by funding from King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)- Center of Excellence for Generative AI, under award number 5940. Group 0079 would like to thank Mr. Sudhir R. Narayana for help with correction and verification of items in their dataset. Sina Ahmadi gratefully acknowledges support from the University of Zurich (UZH) Postdoc Grant (reference number 269093). Group 0133 would like to thank the MbazaNLP community, including students from the University of Rwanda, School of Art and Languages. We would also like to thank Yonatan Bisk for useful insights into the original PIQA dataset
