1,478 research outputs found
Targeted therapy of epigenomic regulatory mechanisms controlling the epithelial to mesenchymal transition during tumor progression
No full textThe epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a reversible change in cell phenotype that plays a crucial role during normal development and cancer metastasis. EMT imparts embryonic epithelial cells with the ability to migrate and to give rise to organs or tissues at distant sites. During cancer progression, the same developmental process is utilized in an analogous manner to enable cancer cells to move to distant organs and form metastases. The reversion of EMT via the mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) appears to be required for the formation of secondary tumors at distal sites. The plasticity of epigenomic modifications that control the transcriptional program of cells enables cells to switch back and forth from epithelial and mesenchymal phenotypes during these transitions. Here, we review the interplay between complex epigenomic regulatory mechanisms and various transcription factors involved in EMT leading to changes in gene expression and cell phenotype. We also discuss the way that a deeper understanding of the epigenomic regulation of EMT might shed light onto the process of cancer progression and reveal new targets for novel and more specific anticancer epigenomic therapies.Deutsche Krebshilfe [109088]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [JO 815/3
figure_S1 – Supplemental material for Decreased expression of cell adhesion genes in cancer stem-like cells isolated from primary oral squamous cell carcinomas
No full textSupplemental material, figure_S1 for Decreased expression of cell adhesion genes in cancer stem-like cells isolated from primary oral squamous cell carcinomas by Amrendra Mishra, Harshini Sriram, Pinal Chandarana, Vivek Tanavde, Rekha V Kumar, Ashok Gopinath, Raman Govindarajan, S. Ramaswamy and Subhashini Sadasivam in Tumor Biology</p
Supplementary_tables – Supplemental material for Decreased expression of cell adhesion genes in cancer stem-like cells isolated from primary oral squamous cell carcinomas
No full textSupplemental material, Supplementary_tables for Decreased expression of cell adhesion genes in cancer stem-like cells isolated from primary oral squamous cell carcinomas by Amrendra Mishra, Harshini Sriram, Pinal Chandarana, Vivek Tanavde, Rekha V Kumar, Ashok Gopinath, Raman Govindarajan, S. Ramaswamy and Subhashini Sadasivam in Tumor Biology</p
figure_S2 – Supplemental material for Decreased expression of cell adhesion genes in cancer stem-like cells isolated from primary oral squamous cell carcinomas
No full textSupplemental material, figure_S2 for Decreased expression of cell adhesion genes in cancer stem-like cells isolated from primary oral squamous cell carcinomas by Amrendra Mishra, Harshini Sriram, Pinal Chandarana, Vivek Tanavde, Rekha V Kumar, Ashok Gopinath, Raman Govindarajan, S. Ramaswamy and Subhashini Sadasivam in Tumor Biology</p
Debt maturity and firm performance : a panel study of Indian companies
Get PDFEconomic policy makers traditionally hold the view that, because of imperfections in capital markets, a shortage of long-term finance acts as a barrier to industrial performance and growth. Long term finance is thought to allow firms to invest in more productive technologies, even when they do not produce immediate payoffs, without fear of premature liquidation. As a result, special state-supported term-lending institutions have been established, especially in developing countries. But some believe that short-term finance may offer better incentives because it allows suppliers of finance to monitor and control firms more effectively, thus improving the firms'performance. The authors empirically investigate the determinants and consequences of the term structure of debt. Using a rich panel of data on privately owned companies in India, they also examine the influence of debt maturity structures on those firm's performance, especially on productivity. The results are not conclusive, but seem to support conventional beliefs about the importance of long term finance to firm performance. Heavy leveraging, however, has a strong negative impact on productivity. They base their econometric evidence on estimates of a maturity equation and of a production function augmented by financial variables. The data on which these results are based have been generated by a financial system in which there is little competition, in which state-owned financial institutions are not guided by the profit motive and have no control over interest rates, so one cannot say whether short term finance would have been more beneficial in a less regulated system. Moreover, by the end of the 1980s, the capital base of India's government-owned financial institutions had been severely eroded and they carried a heavy burden of nonperforming assets. This means that the benefits of long term finance must be weighed against the costs.Banks&Banking Reform,Financial Intermediation,Economic Theory&Research,Municipal Financial Management,Environmental Economics&Policies
Robust decentralized authentication for public keys and geographic location:
No full textAuthentication has traditionally been done either in a decentralized manner with human assistance or automatically through a centralized security infrastructure. In the security infrastructure approach, a central trusted authority takes on the responsibility of authenticating participants within its domain of control. While the security infrastructure approach works well in traditional organizations, it does not address the needs of open membership systems.
We propose automatic decentralized authentication mechanisms for peer-to-peer systems, email systems, and ad-hoc networks. Our byzantine fault tolerant public-key authentication protocol (BPKA) provides decentralized authentication to peer-to-peer systems with honest majority. Authentication is done over an insecure asynchronous network without using trusted third parties or human input. We also authenticate public keys in the email environment through our social-group key authentication protocol (SGKA). The protocol provides end-to-end authentication at the email client without using infrastructure or centralized authorities. Finally, location authentication in ad-hoc networks is proposed through our geographical secure path routing protocol (GSPR). The protocol authenticates geographic locations of anonymous nodes in order to provide location authentication and anonymity simultaneously.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical references (p. 121o-128)by Vivek Patha
Myc and the Tip60 chromatin remodeling complex control neuroblast maintenance and polarity in Drosophila
No full textConservational Analysis of Influenza A Virus RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase
No full textCompeting Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. Copyright: 2015 Darapaneni V et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. *Correspondence to: Vivek Darapaneni, Department of virology and computational biochemistry, Sake
Epigenetic plasticity: A central regulator of epithelial-tomesenchymal transition in cancer.
No full textTumor metastasis is the major cause of mortality and morbidity in most solid cancers. A growing body of evidence suggests that the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a central role during tumor metastasis and frequently imparts a stem cell-like phenotype and therapeutic resistance to tumor cells. The induction of EMT is accompanied by a dynamic reprogramming of the epigenome involving changes in DNA methylation and several post-translational histone modifications. These changes in turn promote the expression of mesenchymal genes or repress those associated with an epithelial phenotype. Importantly, in order for metastatic colonization and the formation of macrometastases to occur, tumor cells frequently undergo a reversal of EMT referred to as the mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET). Thus, a high degree of epigenetic plasticity is required in order to induce and reverse EMT during tumor progression. In this review, we describe various epigenetic regulatory mechanisms employed by tumor cells during EMT and elaborate on the importance of the histone code in controlling both the expression and activity of EMTassociated transcription factors. We propose that a more thorough understanding of the epigenetic mechanisms controlling EMT may provide new opportunities which may be harnessed for improved and individualized cancer therapy based on defined molecular mechanisms
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