196,811 research outputs found
Minter Residence
No full textDrawing from a set of 8 sheets of architectural and construction drawings of the Minter residence project, showing north, south, west, east and elevations.Pencil on vellu
Karnes, Albert Minter
No full textAlbert Minter Karnes, LL.B.
Benton, Kentucky
-The Kentuckian, 1932--------------------------------
Albert Minter Karnes (April 22, 1909 - October 19, 1990) was born in Marshall County, Kentucky to Ulysses Grant Karnes and Sina Evaline Minter. Karnes practiced law in Paducah. He served terms as Paducah city commissioner and as city attorney. Karnes served with the United States Army 11th Airborne Division during World War II and saw service in the Pacific. Karnes married twice--his wives were Willie Mae Lewis (m. 1938, w. 1971) and Opal Smith Waller (m. 1972).https://uknowledge.uky.edu/klapp_1932/1022/thumbnail.jp
Statement of James M. Minter
No full textThe Angus VV Ranch was founded in the 1880's by James E. Cree, and was located in the vicinity of the town of Angus, Lincoln County, New Mexico. Cree is credited with introducing the Angus breed of cattle to New Mexico. Documents in this collection range in date from 1885 to 1946, but the bulk discusses events concerning cattle rustling in the 1890's.Statement detailing cattle killing efforts
'A new and exceedingly brilliant star': L. M. Montgomery, Anne of Green Gables, and Mary Miles Minter
No full textFollowing the success of Anne of Green Gables (1908), and of the first film version (1919), both L. M. Montgomery and the actress Mary Miles Minter found themselves being reinvented in Anne's image. The relationship between author, heroine, and actress was played out through the public circulation of celebrity names and images. Journalists projected onto Montgomery the qualities they discerned in her heroine, notably wholesomeness and an association with the pastoral, while Minter strategically identified herself with the same values. But whereas Minter turned Anne into an American girl, the media image of Montgomery-as-Anne depended on a conception of Canada as a refuge from American modernity
Riedlinia willmanni Vercammen-Grandjean and Minter 1964
No full textRiedlinia willmanni Vercammen-Grandjean and Minter, 1964: AFRPublished as part of Nielsen, David H., Robbins, Richard G. & Rueda, Leopoldo M., 2021, Annotated world checklist of the Trombiculidae and Leeuwenhoekiidae (1758 - 2021) (Acari: Trombiculoidea), with notes on nomenclature, taxonomy, and distribution, pp. 1-243 in Zootaxa 4967 (1) on page 81, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4967.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/474551
Lutzomyia araracuarensis Morales & Minter 1981
No full textararacuarensis Morales & Minter, 1981: 98. M. Type locality: Colombia, Caquetá, Araracuara, left margin of Río Caquetá. Type material: HT M (INS). Distr.: Colombia (Amazonas, Caquetá), Brazil. Refs.: CIPA group 1999 (tax., distr., ecol., refs.); Bejarano 2006 a: 50 (Colombian Psychodidae checklist).Published as part of Bejarano, Eduar Elías & Estrada, Luis Gregorio, 2016, FAMILY PSYCHODIDAE, pp. 187-238 in Zootaxa 4122 (1) on page 193, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4122.1.20, http://zenodo.org/record/25724
Markets and schooling : the effects of competition from private schools, competition among public schools, and teachers' unions on elementary and secondary schooling
No full textThesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Economics, 1994.Includes bibliographical references.by Caroline Minter Hoxby.Ph.D
Editorial: Targeting developmental pathways in inflammation and disease
No full textNo abstract availabl
Breviceps carruthersi Minter & Netherlands & Du Preez 2017, sp. nov.
No full textBreviceps carruthersi sp. nov. Du Preez, Netherlands & Minter http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:BC8E4F04-CC6F-4E44-8C39-AD2E7A340A25 Tables 4–5, Figs. 3–4 Holotype. Adult male (SAIAB 204591) collected by LM & LdP on 24 January 2017 at the type locality (Hluhluwe 1), an open field covered by short, grassy and herbaceous vegetation on red, sandy, clay loam soil, adjacent to the playing fields of Hluhluwe Sports Club, Town of Hluhluwe, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa (S -28.02278°, E 32.27306°, elevation 88 m). Paratypes (12 males, 2 females). Three adult males (PEM A11993–11995), collected 14 December 2015 by LM at Hluhluwe 1; (see Table 1 for locality details); Six adult males (PEM A11996–11998; SAIAB 204592– 204594) and one adult female (SAIAB 204595), collected 24 January 2017 by LM & LdP at Hluhluwe 1; two adult males (PEM A11999; PEM A12000), collected 24 January 2017 by Francois Becker at Hluhluwe 2; one adult male (PEM A12001) and one adult female (PEM A12002), collected 24 January 2017 by L. Verburgt, U. Verburgt and A. Coetzer at Ngwenya. Differential diagnosis. This species is placed in the genus Breviceps on the following grounds: snout extremely abbreviated; mouth narrow and downturned; short limbs which, at rest, are held close to the body, not projecting beyond the body outline; digits tapering to apex; inner and outer toes very short or rudimentary; inner and outer metatarsal tubercles well developed, confluent or separated by a narrow groove; vent terminal, not deflected downwards. Furthermore, the placement of these species is supported by monophyly of the mitochondrial 16S marker with other Breviceps taxa (Fig. 2). Breviceps carruthersi is geographically isolated by substantial distances (180–3600 km) from all other known species except B. adspersus, B. passmorei, B. mossambicus and B. sopranus (Fig 1., Minter et al. 2004 a-c). Breviceps bagginsi Minter, 2003 and B. verrucosus, Rapp, 1842, which have been recorded as close as 180 km from Hluhluwe, have different habitat preferences: open, moist grassland, and forest or forest fringes, respectively. Morphologically, B. carruthersi can be distinguished from B. macrops Boulenger, 1907 and B. namaquensis Power, 1926 and B. branchi Channing, 2012, by its by its relatively small eyes; the prominent facial mask separates it from B. acutirostris Poynton, 1963, B. fuscus Hewitt, 1925, B. gibbosus and B. macrops; the very short outer toe (as long as it is wide) separates this species from all other known species except B. acutirostris, B. adspersus, B. bagginsi, B. mossambicus, B. passmorei sp. nov., B. poweri, B. sopranus and B. rosei Power, 1926. The dorsal colouration and markings of B. carruthersi closely resemble that of B. adspersus, B. poweri and B. bagginsi and to a lesser extent those of B. mossambicus, which may lack paravertebral patches while retaining dorsolateral patches, and B. sopranus, in which both markings are present but indistinct. The advertisement call of B. carruthersi is pulsatile, distinguishing it from all other Breviceps species (except B. branchi), which have either pulsed or tonal calls. The advertisement call of B. branchi is unknown: the holotype specimen was collected north of Port Nolloth, 1800km from Hluhluwe, and resembles B. namaquensis and B. macrops in morphology, having large eyes and fleshy webbing). The calls of B. carruthersi are grouped within the call bout, with up to 28 calls/group. In B. poweri, which has grouped, tonal calls (Minter 1997), the mean call duration is 0.14 s (0.07 s in B. carruthersi) and occupies a lower frequency range of 1557–1903 Hz (2182–2481 Hz in B. carruthersi). Breviceps adspersus, B. bagginsi, B. mossambicus (Mozambique Island) and B. passmorei differ from B. carruthersi in having pulsed calls with a mean duration of 0.193, 0.198, 0.05 and 0.305 s, respectively (Minter 1997, 2003, this publication), while B. sopranus has a very long tonal whistle with a mean duration of 1.5 s and a mean dominant frequency of 3332 Hz (Minter 2003). This new species differs from other species within the Breviceps mossambicus complex with regard to the 16S marker, by a net uncorrected p-distance value of 6.8–11.3% (see Table 3). In the case of B. bagginsi reliable identified tissue was not available but this species differs from B. carruthersi in advertisement call structure (see above). Description of holotype (Table 5; Figs. 3 A–C, E). Morphometrics are given in Table 5. A male, SVL 34 mm. Snout extremely abbreviated; pupils horizontally elliptic; tympanum not distinguishable. Vent terminal. Skin of dorsum glandular: its surface consists of irregular folds and numerous small and large tubercles, giving it a densely granular appearance; the openings of the dermal glands are closely spaced and evenly distributed. Ventrum smooth. Limbs short. Fourth (outer) finger reaches the distal subarticular tubercle of the third finger; subarticular tubercles of third finger undivided. Webbing absent. No divided subarticular tubercles on hands or feet were observed. Welldeveloped inner metatarsal tubercle separated from outer metatarsal tubercle by a deep cleft. Outer toe very short, barely reaching basal subarticular tubercle of fourth toe. Colour in life: dorsum of body light orange-brown to dark brown, with very dark tubercles forming an incomplete border to the anterior pair of light brown paravertebral patches. Interocular bar present but indistinct; light paravertebral patches distinct; three light dorsolateral spots present, not sharply demarcated. Light vertebral line absent; indistinct heel-to-heel line and small, poorly demarcated cream patch over urostyle present. A broad black stripe runs obliquely downwards, from margin of lower eyelid towards base of arm, not reaching it; anterior to this, a broad white stripe runs down to angle of mouth and onto upper and lower lips and separates dark stripe from gular patch. Gular patch uniformly dark anteriorly, becoming mottled posteriorly. Sides of body between limbs light brown with scattered white speckles. Pectoral region and ventrum immaculate, white. In the preserved specimen orange-brown has faded to cream and shades of grey (Figs. 3 B, C). Measurement Holotype Paratypes Females Males n Mean Range SD n Mean Range SD Mass (g) 5.3 2 15.2; 32.9 9 15.2 3.4–7.6 1.2 EAD 5.6 2 7.5; 8.0 12 5.9 4.7–6.6 0.5 EPD 10.0 2 12.8;14.2 12 10.4 9.0–11.3 0.6 ES 1.4 2 2.8; 2.5 12 1.8 1.4–2.2 0.3 FL 12.5; 11.7 4 17.8 16.7–18.5 0.8 24 11.7 9.2–13.5 0.9 HW 11.2 2 13.0; 14.6 12 11.4 9.6–12.9 0.9 IMTL 3.3; 2.8 4 4.2 3.8–5.1 0.6 23 2.9 2.0–3.5 0.4 IND 1.8 2 2.5; 3.1 12 2.0 1.6–2.5 0.3 NL 2.1; 1.9 4 2.7 2.2–3.2 0.5 24 1.8 1.3–2.1 0.2 NOD 1.8; 1.4 4 2.5 2.2–2.8 0.3 24 2.0 1.7–2.5 0.3 PFL 3.7; 3.8 4 4.8 3.5–5.7 1.0 24 3.7 3.0–4.2 0.4 SVL 34 2 59; 47 9 33.9 28–39 3.3 T1L 0.6; 0.6 4 1.0 1.0–1.1 0.1 24 0.6 0.4–0.8 0.1 T1W 0.7; 0.5 4 1.35 1.0–2.4 0.7 24 0.7 0.5–0.9 0.1 T4L 6.2; 6.3 4 9.2 8.4–10.1 0.7 22 6.0 4.9–7.5 0.6 T5L 0.7; 0.7 4 1.4 1.2–1.6 0.2 23 0.7 0.4–0.8 0.1 T5W 0.7; 0.7 4 0.9 0.7–1.0 0.1 24 0.6 0.4–0.8 0.1 Holotype advertisement call (Fig. 4). Several call bouts consisting of 16 call groups were recorded at the Sports Club in Hluhluwe, on 24th January 2017 at 23h38; air temperature 24 °C. It was raining heavily and a strong chorus had developed. The calls are pulsatile, with amplitude modulation barely distinguishable in most calls, while a few are more strongly modulated; amplitude increases gradually from the start, falling rapidly at the end of the call. Frequency modulation absent. Two to three harmonics are present. All calls in the call bout are condensed into groups consisting of 8–21 calls (mean 12, sd 4). Means and ranges for three calls/call groups are: call period within call group 0.211 s (0.204–0.227); call rate 294 min -1 (290–301); call duration 0.078 s (0.074–0.086); dominant frequency 2378 Hz (2350–2392). Paratype variation (Fig. 3 D; Tables 4–5). Morphometrics are given in Table 5. All specimens resemble the holotype in the absence of a visible tympanum; skin densely granular dorsally and laterally, smooth ventrally; one specimen granular laterally, not dorsally. Outer finger reaches distal subarticular tubercle of third finger in 13 specimens, falling just short in one; subarticular tubercles on third finger not divided. Cleft separating inner and outer metatarsal tubercles deep in seven specimens, shallow in seven. Outer toe very short, wider than long, falling short of basal subarticular tubercle of fourth toe in 10 specimens; reaching it in four. Colour in life: dorsum orange-brown in eight specimens, dark brown in five and pale cream in one unpigmented individual; dark tubercles on dorsum scattered in four, forming a dark border to the lighter paravertebral patches in 10; white lateral speckles present in 13, absent in one. Interocular bar present in seven specimens, indistinct in six, not visible in the unpigmented specimen; light paravertebral patches present in eight, indistinct in six; three light, dorsolateral spots present in 11, indistinct in three. Light mid-vertebral line absent in 12 specimens, present posteriorly in two. A distinct, light-yellowish patch present over the urostyle in four specimens, indistinct in eight, absent in two; light heel-to-heel line indistinct in three, absent in eleven. A broad, black stripe runs obliquely downwards from margin of lower eyelid towards base of arm, reaching it in seven specimens, falling short in seven; anterior to this, a broad white stripe runs down to angle of mouth and onto upper and lower lips in all individuals, separating the dark stripe from the gular patch. Gular patch with scattered, darkgrey mottles on a white background in the two female specimens. In males the gular region is unpigmented in one, uniformly grey or darkened along the lower jaw, becoming lighter medially, in six; in five specimens the gular patch is mottled posteriorly, on a grey to yellowish-brown background. Pectoral region white, with scattered spots in three males. Ventrum immaculate white in 13 specimens; a few scattered spots in one. Colour in preservative: dorsum of body medium to dark grey. Paravertebral patches beige to dark brown or dark grey in some. Interocular bar indistinct and beige to dark brown. Dorsolateral patches distinct and pale. Heelto-heel line indistinct to absent. Cream patch over urostyle distinct, present in all but two specimens. Facial stripe prominent, dark grey to black. Gular patch uniformly dark anteriorly, becoming mottled posteriorly in most males, mottled in females. Ventrum immaculate, creamy-white. Advertisement call data for the paratype males is presented in Table 3. No significant differences between the calls of the holotype male and the paratypes were found. Etymology. This species is named for Vincent Carruthers who, through his numerous books and articles on the natural history of southern Africa in general, and frogs in particular, has done much to stimulate interest in these much-maligned creatures. Distribution and habitat. Currently known only from the area around Hluhluwe and Phinda Game Reserve (Fig. 1; Table 1). (Vegetation types as defined by Mucina & Rutherford, 2006). Hluhluwe is situated in vegetation type SVI 23 (Zululand Lowveld), which grades into SVI 20 (Western Maputaland Clay Bushveld) on the eastern perimeter of the town. At Phinda Private Game Reserve B. carruthersi occurs mainly in the south, on SVI 20 and SVI 23, as well as SVI 6 (Southern Lebombo Bushveld), less commonly in the sandy soils of CB 1 (Maputaland Coastal Belt) to the north (Daryl Dell 2017, pers. comm.). The first 18 km of the R22 between Hluhluwe and Sodwana consists of SVI 21 (Makatini Clay Thicket), continuing northwards as CB 1. Field observations. Calls were recorded between 18h45 and 01h15, during and after moderate to heavy rain. Two males were calling from shallow depressions at the base of grasstufts, while the remainder called from exposed positions on the surface. When the vocal sac is inflated, the white stripe separating the gular patch from the dark eyestripe is conspicuous and may function as a visual signal. Available earlier names. Breviceps adspersus adspersus Pienaar, 1963, B. adspersus pentheri Poynton, 1964, B. mossambicus var. occidentalis Werner, 1903, B. parvus caffer Hewitt, 1932, B. parvus Hewitt, 1925, B. pentheri caffer Parker, 1934, B. pentheri pentheri Parker, 1934, B. pentheri Werner, 1899, B. pretoriensis FitzSimons, 1930 and B. mossambicus adspersus Broadley, 1971, considered to be junior synonyms of B. adspersus (see Poynton 1964); B. mitchelli Hoffman, 1944, Engystoma granosum Cuvier, 1829 and Systoma granosum Parker, 1868 considered to be junior synonyms of B. mossambicus.Published as part of Minter, Leslie R., Netherlands, Edward C. & Du Preez, Louis H., 2017, Uncovering a hidden diversity: two new species of Breviceps (Anura: Brevicipitidae) from northern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, pp. 195-216 in Zootaxa 4300 (2) on pages 202-207, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4300.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/83810
Breviceps passmorei Minter & Netherlands & Du Preez 2017, sp. nov.
No full textBreviceps passmorei sp. nov. Minter, Netherlands & Du Preez http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F836CD13-8351-476F-8C90-EE1 DFD 691A2F Tables 6–7, Figs. 5–6. Holotype. Adult male (SAIAB 204596) collected by LM & EN on 26 January 2017 at the type locality (Lulwane 1, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa) (S -27.04319°, E 32.28836°, elevation 64 m), a narrow strip of natural vegetation alongside the tarred road (P522) in a fairly heavily populated, rural area. The vegetation type is Tembe Sandy Bushveld: open leguminous woodland with a species-rich shrub layer and grassy undergrowth. Paratypes (18 males, 2 females). Five adult males (TM 70333, TM 70335–6, TM 70341, TM 70343), collected 13 December 1988 by LM at Bambanana (see Table 1 for locality details); one adult female (SAIAB 204597), collected 26 January 2017 by EN at Bambanana; one adult female (PEM A12003), collected 26 January 2017 by LM at Lulwane 2; two adult males (PEM A12004; SAIAB 204617), collected 18 November 2016 by LdP & EN at Lulwane 3; two adult males (SAIAB 204598; SAIAB 204599), collected 13 December 2015 by LM at Mpophomeni 1; three adult males (SAIAB 204618; PEM A12005; PEM A12006), collected 11 December 2015 by LM at Mpophomeni 2; one adult male (PEM A12007), collected 17 February 2017 by EN at Ndumo; four adult males (TM 70362–3, TM 70365, TM 70367), collected 23 October 1988 by LM at Shemula Gata 1; one adult male (TM 70361), collected 22 October 1988 by LM at Shemula Gata 2. Differential diagnosis. This species is placed in the genus Breviceps on the following grounds: snout extremely abbreviated; mouth narrow and downturned; short limbs which, at rest, are held close to the body, not projecting beyond the body outline; digits tapering to apex; inner and outer toes very short or rudimentary; inner and outer metatarsal tubercles well developed, confluent or separated by a narrow groove; vent terminal, not deflected downwards. Furthermore, the placement of these species is supported by monophyly of the mitochondrial 16S marker with other Breviceps taxa (Fig. 2). Breviceps passmorei sp. nov. is geographically isolated by substantial distances (320–3600 km) from all other known species except B. adspersus, B. carruthersi, B. mossambicus and B. sopranus (Fig. 1., Minter et al. 2004ac). B. bagginsi and B. verrucosus, which have been recorded as close as 320 km from Ndumo, have different habitat preferences: open, moist grassland, and forest or forest fringes, respectively. Morphologically, B. passmorei can be distinguished from B. macrops, B. namaquensis and B. branchi by its relatively small eyes; the prominent facial mask separates it from B. acutirostris, B. fuscus, B. gibbosus and B. macrops; the very short outer toe (as long as it is wide) separates this species from all other known species except B. acutirostris, B. adspersus, B. bagginsi, B. carruthersi sp. nov., B. mossambicus, B. poweri, B. rosei and B. sopranus. The dorsal colouration and markings of B. passmorei closely resemble that of B. adspersus, B. bagginsi, B. carruthersi and B. poweri and, to a lesser, extent those of B. mossambicus, which may lack paravertebral patches while retaining dorsolateral patches, and B. sopranus, in which both markings are present but indistinct. The advertisement call of B. passmorei is strongly pulsed, distinguishing it from B. macrops, B. namaquensis, B. poweri and B. sopranus, which have tonal calls, and B. carruthersi, in which the call is pulsatile. Under optimum conditions, B. passmorei may condense the calls in the call bout into groups of two to three calls, as do B. adspersus and B. mossambicus, but its call has a longer mean duration: 0.305 s compared with 0.193 s in B. adspersus, 0.198 s in B. bagginsi and 0.05 s in B. mossambicus (Minter 1997), and a shorter mean duration than that of B. verrucosis (0.612 s, Minter 2003). The advertisement calls of B. bagginsi are not arranged in groups, but consist of a single, rapidly repeated series of pulsed calls (numbering 7 – 19, Minter 2003). This new species differs from other species within the Breviceps mossambicus complex with regard to the 16S marker, by a net uncorrected p-distance value of 7.1–13.7% (see Table 3). In the case of B. bagginsi reliable identified tissue was not available but this species differs from B. passmorei in advertisement call structure (see above). Description of holotype (Tables 6–7, Figs. 5 A–C, E). Morphometrics are given in Table 7. A male, SVL 36.4 mm. Snout extremely abbreviated; pupils horizontally elliptic; tympanum not distinguishable. Vent terminal. Skin of dorsum very glandular, with closely spaced openings of dermal glands that produce the adhesive secretion during amplexus; its surface consists of irregular small folds and tubercles with scattered larger tubercles, giving it a granular appearance. Skin of ventrum glandular, relatively smooth. Limbs short. Fourth (outer) finger reaches distal subarticular tubercle of third finger; subarticular tubercles of third finger undivided. Webbing absent. No divided subarticular tubercles on hands or feet were observed. Welldeveloped inner metatarsal tubercle separated from outer metatarsal tubercle by a shallow cleft. Outer toe falls short of basal subarticular tubercle of fourth toe. Measurement Holotype Paratypes Females Males n Mean Range SD n Mean Range SD Mass (g) 8.7 2 13.4; 17.6 13 6.6 4.1–10.5 0.2 EAD 8.0 2 7.0; 7.3 11 6.0 5.3–7.7 0.7 EPD 12 2 12.2; 12.8 11 10.9 10.0–11.7 0.7 ES 1.9 2 1.8; 2.0 11 1.8 1.4–2.4 0.3 FL 13.3; 12.9 4 14.7 14.3–15.2 0.5 20 11.6 9.9–12.9 0.7 HW 16.1 2 13.9; 13.2 11 12.0 11.0–12.5 0.5 IMTL 3.3; 3.4 4 4.1 3.6–4.7 0.5 18 2.9 2.0–3.4 0.4 IND 2.1 2 2.9; 2.7 11 2.0 1.8–2.3 0.2 NL 2.7 2 2.6; 2.7 16 1.8 1.6–2.1 0.14 NOD 1.7; 1.7 4 2.2 1.9–2.5 0.3 21 1.9 1.4–2.3 0.3 PFL 3.8; 3.7 4 5.0 4.6–5.6 0.4 22 4.3 3.7–4.8 0.3 SVL 36.4 2 43.2; 46.9 19 32.1 25.5–35.9 4.0 T1L 0.7; 0.7 4 0.9 0.8–1.0 0.1 22 0.7 0.4–0.9 0.1 T1W 0.8; 0.7 4 1.0 0.9–1.0 0.1 19 0.7 0.5–1.1 0.2 T4L 6.4; 6.4 4 7.6 7.2–8.1 0.4 22 5.7 4.6–6.5 0.5 T5L 0.5; 0.5 4 0.7 0.6–0.7 0.1 22 0.6 0.4–0.8 0.1 T5W 0.3; 0.4 4 0.7 0.6–0.8 0.1 19 0.5 0.4–0.8 0.1 Colour in life, dorsum of body light brown to orange-brown; scattered dark blotches join to form a reticulated pattern; tubercles light to dark brown, becoming almost black around the light paravertebral and dorsolateral patches; laterally, some tubercles are unpigmented, forming conspicuous white speckles; six light brown paravertebral, and four dorsolateral patches present; interocular bar present, from which a light vertebral line runs posteriorly to urostyle, joining a distinct heel-to-heel line; there is an indistinct, creamy-yellow spot on urostyle at its junction. A broad, black stripe runs obliquely downwards, from margin of lower eyelid towards base of arm, not reaching it; anterior to this, a broad white stripe runs down to angle of mouth and onto upper and lower lips, separating the dark stripe from gular patch. Gular region not heavily pigmented, with confluent, dark spots anteriorly and laterally. Sides of body between limbs, light brown with large dark blotches bordering the light dorsolateral patches; unpigmented tubercles form scattered white speckles. Pectoral region and ventrum immaculate, white. In the preserved specimen, orange-brown and brown has faded to cream and shades of grey (Figs. 5 B, C). Holotype advertisement call (Fig. 6). A bout of seven calls, comprising three groups of two calls and a single call, were recorded at Lulwane 1 on 26 January 2017 at 01h30, following light rain. Air temperature was not recorded. Three of these calls were analysed. Several other males were calling sporadically in the vicinity, but the chorus was waning. The calls are strongly pulsed and are not frequency modulated; 2–3 harmonics are present; the amplitude increases gradually throughout the call, falling rapidly at the end. Call rate for the entire bout is 62 min -1; call period within a group 0.571 (0.559–0.584) s; call period between two call groups or between a call group and a single call 1.36 (1.046–1.645) s; call duration 0.352 (0.328–0,373) s; number of pulses 47 (44–50); pulse rate 133.5 (131.7–134.7) s -1; dominant frequency 1833 (1820–1850) Hz. Paratype variation (Fig. 5 D; Tables 6-7). Morphometrics are given in Table 7. All specimens resemble the holotype in having an extremely abbreviated snout, horizontally elliptic pupil, absence of a visible tympanum, terminal vent and glandular skin. Skin of dorsum granular in 10 individuals, densely granular in five, granular laterally in five; tubercles light to dark brown, becoming almost black around the light paravertebral and dorsolateral patches; dark tubercles on dorsum randomly scattered in 11, confluent in seven, forming a dark border to the lighter paravertebral patches, and absent in two; laterally, some tubercles are unpigmented, forming conspicuous white speckles. Skin of ventrum glandular, relatively smooth. Outer finger reaches distal subarticular tubercle of third finger in 17 individuals, nearly reaching it in two and falling short in one; subarticular tubercles of third finger undivided in all individuals. Well-developed inner metatarsal tubercle separated from outer metatarsal tubercle by deep cleft in 12 specimens and by a shallow cleft in eight. Outer toe falls just short of basal subarticular tubercle of fourth toe in 19 specimens, extending beyond it in one. Colour in life: dorsum of body light orange-brown to dark brown with scattered dark blotches joining to form a reticulated pattern in seven specimens; three to six paravertebral, and two to four dorsolateral patches present, indistinct in two; interocular bar present in 17 specimens, indistinct in three; light vertebral line distinct in 14 specimens, indistinct in three, present posteriorly in one and absent in two; heel-to-heel line distinct in five, indistinct in eight and absent in seven individuals. A broad, black stripe runs obliquely downwards from margin of lower eyelid, reaching the base of arm in 10 individuals, nearly reaching it in 10; anterior to this, a broad white stripe runs down to angle of mouth and onto upper and lower lips, separating the dark stripe from gular patch in 17 specimens. Gular region: in the two females, freckled and streaked on a white background; in the 18 males, heavy mottling is present in four, mottling and streaking in two, while dark pigmentation partially, to completely, obscures the mottling anteriorly and laterally in 12. Pectoral region and ventrum immaculate, white, with a few scattered spots in two males. Colour in preservative: dorsum of body medium brown to dark grey, scattered dark blotches join to form a reticulated pattern. Paravertebral patches beige to dark grey. Interocular bar indistinct and beige to dark brown. Dorsolateral patches distinct and pale. Vertebral line prominent in most specimens, only visible posteriorly in a few and absent in two. Heel-to-heel line indistinct to prominent. Indistinct cream patch over urostyle where vertebral line and heel-to-heel line meet. Facial stripe prominent: dark grey to black. Gular patch of male uniformly dark in six, becoming mottled posteriorly in 12; mottled in females. Ventrum immaculate, creamy-white. Advertisement call data for the paratype males is presented in Table 6. No significant differences between the calls of the holotype male and the paratypes were found. Etymology. This species is named for Neville Passmore in recognition of his contributions to South African herpetology in the field of bioacoustics, and for instilling a lifelong interest in frogs among his students, many of whom have also made significant contributions in this and other fields. Distribution and habitat. Currently known only from the area West of Tembe Elephant Reserve, in the vicinity of the Phongolo River (Fig. 1, Table 1). (Vegetation types as defined in Mucina & Rutherford, 2006. Breviceps passmorei sp. nov. occurs in SVI 18 (Tembe Sandy Bushveld), SVI 19 (Western Maputaland Sandy Bushveld) and SVI 20 (Western Maputaland Clay Bushveld). All sites were situated in natural but disturbed roadside vegetation on sandy loam to clay loam soils. Field observations. Calls were recorded after rain in summer, between 17h40 and 00h15. Calling continued for several days following heavy rain. Four males were calling from shallow depressions, concealed under vegetation, while the majority called from exposed sites on the surface. Available earlier names. Breviceps adspersus adspersus Pienaar, 1963, B. adspersus pentheri Poynton, 1964, B. mossambicus var. occidentalis Werner, 1903, B. parvus caffer Hewitt, 1932, B. parvus Hewitt, 1925, B. pentheri caffer Parker, 1934, B. pentheri pentheri Parker, 1934, B. pentheri Werner, 1899, B. pretoriensis FitzSimons, 1930 and B. mossambicus adspersus Broadley, 1971, all considered to be junior synonyms of B. adspersus (see Poynton 1964); B. mitchelli Hoffman, 1944, Engystoma granosum Cuvier, 1829 and Systoma granosum Parker, 1868 considered to be junior synonyms of B. mossambicus.Published as part of Minter, Leslie R., Netherlands, Edward C. & Du Preez, Louis H., 2017, Uncovering a hidden diversity: two new species of Breviceps (Anura: Brevicipitidae) from northern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, pp. 195-216 in Zootaxa 4300 (2) on pages 208-212, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4300.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/83810
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