129,963 research outputs found
The politics of fashion: perceptions of power in female clothing and ornamentation as reflected in the sixteenth-century Chinese novel Jin Ping Mei
No full textThis thesis examines issues of female power and influence in sixteenth-century China focusing on how women and their roles were perceived in the changing social environment of the mid-late Ming dynasty. Using aspects of a New Historicist approach, information from contemporary literary and historical sources are analysed alongside each other. With its emphasis on the lives of women and preoccupation with the description of material objects, the late Ming novel Jin Ping Mei forms an important element in the thesis. China in the sixteenth century saw expanding urbanisation, the emergence of a new wealthy merchant class, increasing visibility of women and a questioning of traditional morality. Fashion consciousness, as one of the most conspicuous aspects of the new material culture, is a possible indicator of these trends. Traditional Western theories contend that fashion began in the particular context of Renaissance Europe. However, this study argues that a similar fashion awareness existed in China too, and was manifested in a competitive striving for social status, in this case specifically among women. In contrast to previous studies which downplayed the impact women had on defining traditional Chinese culture, this thesis demonstrates how women and their sartorial choices began to redefine the boundaries of material culture, influencing literati discourse which, in turn, re- influenced female behaviour
High Corruption Income in Ming and Qing China
No full textWe develop an economic model that explains historical data on government corruption in Ming and Qing China. In our model, officials extensive powers result in corrupt income matching lands share in output. We estimate corrupt income to be between 14 to 22 times official income resulting in about 22% of agricultural output accruing to 0.4% of the population. The results suggest that eliminating corruption through salary reform was possible in early Ming but impossible by mid-Qing rule. Land reform may also be ineffective because officials could extract the same rents regardless of ownership. High officials incomes and the resulting inequality may have also created distortions and barriers to change that could have contributed to Chinas stagnation over the five centuries 1400-1900s.Corruption, China
A history of the porcelain industry in Jingdezhen
No full textThis study examines the history of the porcelain
industry in Jingdezhen from the Ming dynasty to the
present day, but with special emphasis on the Ming and
Qing periods. After a chronological survey of the
town's history from earliest times to 1949, various
aspects of the production and distribution of porcelain
are considered: the raw materials used and their
manufacture, transport and marketing, management and
labour,finance and overseas trade, and their significance
in the industry's development is assessed.
Among the problems that are examined throughout
the study and in the conclusion are the reasons for the
establishment of the industry in Jingdezhen in the first
place, its great progress during the Ming dynasty and
failure to modernise in the late nineteenth and early
twentieth centuries, and the connections between economic
development, state involvement and technological progres
Letter, [Author unclear] to Paulina T. Merritt
No full textHandwritten letter to Paulina Merritt from an unknown author, October 1, 1876.
Joanna Handlin Smith, The Art of Doing Good : Charity in Late Ming China, 2009
No full textRowe William T. Joanna Handlin Smith, The Art of Doing Good : Charity in Late Ming China, 2009. In: Études chinoises, n°28, 2009. Numéro spécial sur le droit chinois. pp. 296-300
Fo shuo fo ming jing 佛 說 佛 名 經.
No full textBuddhanāma-sūtra,cf. Fo ming jing.Fo shuo fo ming jing 佛 說 佛 名 經, cf. Fo mingjing.Fo shuo fo chan hui jing 佛 說 佛 懺 悔 經, cf. Fo mingjing.Fo ming jing 佛 名 經Fo chan hui jing 佛 懺 悔經, cf. Fo ming jing.Da fo ming jing 大 佛 名 經, cf. Fo mingjing.Numérisation effectuée à partir d'un document original.Numérisation en haute-définition (2018).Numérisation effectuée à partir d'un document original.J. 13 complet. Version assez différente de celle deT . 441, vol. 14 : Ff. 1 à6 (col. 21) : T . 441, j. 21,pp. 270 c 28-272 a 20. Ff. 6 (col. 22) à 11 (col. 4) :T . 441, j. 22, pp. 273 b 3-274a 29. Ff. 12 (col. 18) à 14 (col. 17) : T . 441, j. 12, p. 232 a 29-c 19. Ff. 14 (col. 18) à20 (col. 12) : T . 441, j. 22,pp. 274 b 1-275 b 20. Ff. 20 (col. 12) à 24 (col. 9) :T . 441, j. 23, pp. 276 c 22-277c 1. Ff. 26 (col. 14) à 28 (col. 4) : T . 441, j. 13, pp. 235 c 4-236 a 15. Titre initial :Fo shuo fo ming jing juan di shi san 卷 苐 十 三 (col.1) ; titre final : Fo ming jing juan di shi san(col. 597). Ms. orné de 10 peintures (10,5 à 11,2 × 6,8 à 8 cm), la 1resous le titre initial, les 9 autres dans le texte pour marquer chaqueparagraphe : au-dessus des col. 28-29, 109-111, 155-157, 212-214, 309-311,361-363, 413-415, 466468 et 519-521 : Buddha assis sur une fleur de lotus, à 2nimbes circulaires, orange pour la tête, vert ou gris pour le corps. Vêtementsalternativement bruns et rouges. Bonne écr. call., très grands car.,pleins et déliés très contrastés. Encre foncée. Rares additions. 597 col. entout. 22 col. par f., 17 à 20 car. par col. Marges sup. 2,5 à 3,6 cm, inf. 2,5à 3,9 cm. Réglure
Fo shuo fo ming jing 佛 說 佛 名 經.
No full textBuddhanāma-sūtra,cf. Fo ming jing.Fo shuo fo ming jing 佛 說 佛 名 經, cf. Fo mingjing.Fo shuo fo chan hui jing 佛 說 佛 懺 悔 經, cf. Fo mingjing.Fo ming jing 佛 名 經Fo chan hui jing 佛 懺 悔經, cf. Fo ming jing.Da fo ming jing 大 佛 名 經, cf. Fo mingjing.Numérisation effectuée à partir d'un document original.Numérisation en haute-définition (2018).Numérisation effectuée à partir d'un document original.J. 13 complet. Version assez différente de celle deT . 441, vol. 14 : Ff. 1 à6 (col. 21) : T . 441, j. 21,pp. 270 c 28-272 a 20. Ff. 6 (col. 22) à 11 (col. 4) :T . 441, j. 22, pp. 273 b 3-274a 29. Ff. 12 (col. 18) à 14 (col. 17) : T . 441, j. 12, p. 232 a 29-c 19. Ff. 14 (col. 18) à20 (col. 12) : T . 441, j. 22,pp. 274 b 1-275 b 20. Ff. 20 (col. 12) à 24 (col. 9) :T . 441, j. 23, pp. 276 c 22-277c 1. Ff. 26 (col. 14) à 28 (col. 4) : T . 441, j. 13, pp. 235 c 4-236 a 15. Titre initial :Fo shuo fo ming jing juan di shi san 卷 苐 十 三 (col.1) ; titre final : Fo ming jing juan di shi san(col. 597). Ms. orné de 10 peintures (10,5 à 11,2 × 6,8 à 8 cm), la 1resous le titre initial, les 9 autres dans le texte pour marquer chaqueparagraphe : au-dessus des col. 28-29, 109-111, 155-157, 212-214, 309-311,361-363, 413-415, 466468 et 519-521 : Buddha assis sur une fleur de lotus, à 2nimbes circulaires, orange pour la tête, vert ou gris pour le corps. Vêtementsalternativement bruns et rouges. Bonne écr. call., très grands car.,pleins et déliés très contrastés. Encre foncée. Rares additions. 597 col. entout. 22 col. par f., 17 à 20 car. par col. Marges sup. 2,5 à 3,6 cm, inf. 2,5à 3,9 cm. Réglure
Handwritten biographical information on Paulina T. McClung Merritt
No full textA handwritten biography of Paulina T. McClung Merritt by an unknown author, 1892.
Realism of the senses: a tendency in contemporary world cinema
No full textThis thesis proposes to examine the production of sensory realism in world cinema by using as case studies the cinemas of Carlos Reygadas (Mexico), Tsai Ming-liang
(Taiwan) and Gus Van Sant (US). These cinemas are bound together through the hyperbolic application of the long take, which promotes a sensory viewing experience
anchored in duration and the pure phenomenological presence of animate and inanimate matter. The theoretical underpinnings of the project are laid out in the Introduction, which addresses the alleged demise of realism in light of the emergence of digital technology and provides an overview of the ways the realist style has been historically theorised as connected to the sensory character of the cinematic experience. It further
investigates the main aesthetic principles governing contemporary realist cinema and proposes a theorisation of its distinctive sensory mode of address. The thesis is divided into three different parts, which focus separately on each of the aforementioned filmmakers and their distinct realist projects, with emphasis given on their political
impact and social significance. Part I is dedicated to Carlos Reygadas’s oeuvre, which, indebted to the transcendental cinemas of Tarkovsky, Bresson and Dreyer, complicates spirituality through a quasi-scientific take on materiality and carnality. Tsai Ming-liang is the subject of Part II, which examines his cinema’s auteurist, ultra-reflexive realist approach as recycling an aesthetics of the everyday in film through a focus on the sheer
physicality of domestic spaces and the physiology of a grotesque body. Part III investigates Gus Van Sant’s recent incursion into an experimental-realist style as
producing sensory explorations of mental processes of perception in line with the American avant-garde cinema ‘visionary’ tradition. The Conclusion contextualises and evaluates the aesthetic and political contribution of these cinemas as perpetuating, and reconfiguring, cinematic realism
Heterogeneous and tissue-specific regulation of effector T cell responses by IFN-gamma during Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection.
No full textIFN-γ and T cells are both required for the development of experimental cerebral malaria during Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection. Surprisingly, however, the role of IFN-γ in shaping the effector CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell response during this infection has not been examined in detail. To address this, we have compared the effector T cell responses in wild-type and IFN-γ(-/-) mice during P. berghei ANKA infection. The expansion of splenic CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells during P. berghei ANKA infection was unaffected by the absence of IFN-γ, but the contraction phase of the T cell response was significantly attenuated. Splenic T cell activation and effector function were essentially normal in IFN-γ(-/-) mice; however, the migration to, and accumulation of, effector CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in the lung, liver, and brain was altered in IFN-γ(-/-) mice. Interestingly, activation and accumulation of T cells in various nonlymphoid organs was differently affected by lack of IFN-γ, suggesting that IFN-γ influences T cell effector function to varying levels in different anatomical locations. Importantly, control of splenic T cell numbers during P. berghei ANKA infection depended on active IFN-γ-dependent environmental signals--leading to T cell apoptosis--rather than upon intrinsic alterations in T cell programming. To our knowledge, this is the first study to fully investigate the role of IFN-γ in modulating T cell function during P. berghei ANKA infection and reveals that IFN-γ is required for efficient contraction of the pool of activated T cells
- …
