158,969 research outputs found
China and the Spanish Empire
No full textEditada en la Fundación Empresa PúblicaEn este artículo argumentamos que Ming China desempeñó un papel fundamental en el auge y decadencia del Imperio español. La demanda china de plata permitió elevados beneficios hasta 1640. El descenso de estos beneficios llevó a la reducción de la producción y la Monarquía se enfrentó a una grave crisis financiera. La consecuencia fue una presión fiscal creciente con objeto de compensar la pérdida de los ingresos externos procedentes de América.In this article we argue that Ming China had a fundamental impact on the rise and decline of the Spanish Empire. China's demand for silver was of such magnitude that private mining profits in the Spanish Empire remained high until about 1640. The decline of these profits led to abandon production. Spain faced a deepening financial crisis due to the fall of silver's value. The loss of purchasing power from the Crown's American enterprise was inevitable and the state's relentless pressure for increased taxation within Castile and elsewhere was mandatory in order to compensate for lost external purchasing power.Publicad
A history of the porcelain industry in Jingdezhen
No full textThis study examines the history of the porcelain
industry in Jingdezhen from the Ming dynasty to the
present day, but with special emphasis on the Ming and
Qing periods. After a chronological survey of the
town's history from earliest times to 1949, various
aspects of the production and distribution of porcelain
are considered: the raw materials used and their
manufacture, transport and marketing, management and
labour,finance and overseas trade, and their significance
in the industry's development is assessed.
Among the problems that are examined throughout
the study and in the conclusion are the reasons for the
establishment of the industry in Jingdezhen in the first
place, its great progress during the Ming dynasty and
failure to modernise in the late nineteenth and early
twentieth centuries, and the connections between economic
development, state involvement and technological progres
High Corruption Income in Ming and Qing China
No full textWe develop an economic model that explains historical data on government corruption in Ming and Qing China. In our model, officials extensive powers result in corrupt income matching lands share in output. We estimate corrupt income to be between 14 to 22 times official income resulting in about 22% of agricultural output accruing to 0.4% of the population. The results suggest that eliminating corruption through salary reform was possible in early Ming but impossible by mid-Qing rule. Land reform may also be ineffective because officials could extract the same rents regardless of ownership. High officials incomes and the resulting inequality may have also created distortions and barriers to change that could have contributed to Chinas stagnation over the five centuries 1400-1900s.Corruption, China
The politics of fashion: perceptions of power in female clothing and ornamentation as reflected in the sixteenth-century Chinese novel Jin Ping Mei
No full textThis thesis examines issues of female power and influence in sixteenth-century China focusing on how women and their roles were perceived in the changing social environment of the mid-late Ming dynasty. Using aspects of a New Historicist approach, information from contemporary literary and historical sources are analysed alongside each other. With its emphasis on the lives of women and preoccupation with the description of material objects, the late Ming novel Jin Ping Mei forms an important element in the thesis. China in the sixteenth century saw expanding urbanisation, the emergence of a new wealthy merchant class, increasing visibility of women and a questioning of traditional morality. Fashion consciousness, as one of the most conspicuous aspects of the new material culture, is a possible indicator of these trends. Traditional Western theories contend that fashion began in the particular context of Renaissance Europe. However, this study argues that a similar fashion awareness existed in China too, and was manifested in a competitive striving for social status, in this case specifically among women. In contrast to previous studies which downplayed the impact women had on defining traditional Chinese culture, this thesis demonstrates how women and their sartorial choices began to redefine the boundaries of material culture, influencing literati discourse which, in turn, re- influenced female behaviour
Rufoolivacin B, a novel polyketide pigment from the fruiting bodies of the fungus Cortinarius rufo-olivaceus (basidiomycetes)
No full textA novel polyketide pigment (1) with the 4',10-coupled linkage between 1-naphthalenol and 1,4-anthraquinone, named rufoolivacin B together with the known analog rufoolivacin (2), has been isolated from the fruiting bodies of the Chinese toadstool Cortinarius rufo-olivaceus (basidiomycetes). Their structures were characterized by means of analysis of spectroscopic methods, including 2D-NMR experiments and HR-ESI-MS. (c) 2009 Jin Ming Gao. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chinese Chemical Society. All rights reserved
El IMPUESTO SOBRE SOCIEDADES. Cálculo y conceptos básicos
No full textAranda Ming, Andrea; director de proyecto: Caicedo Buitrago, Verónica Juliana2022-2023Máster Universitario en Gestión AdministrativaFacultad de Estudios Sociales y Lenguas Aplicada
[Carta a Ignacio Hernando de Larramendi y Montiano]
No full textInformación adicional de autor de la carta: Director The Ming An Insurance Co. (HK) Ltd.Fotografía número: 106
La economía global y El Quijote
No full textLa vida y obra de Miguel de Cervantes coincide con el primer ciclo de la globalización. El principal motor de la economía mundial fue el comercio de la plata entre los mercados americanos y Asia. La nueva economía mundial se desarrolló al mismo tiempo que la «revolución militar» en Eurasia. Los imperios otomano, persa, mongol y ruso y otras entidades políticas usaron los nuevos «hardware» y «software» militares para expandir sus fronteras y mantener su posición, empleando gran parte de sus recursos financieros. Esas nuevas realidades políticas y económicas impulsaron los intercambios que irrevocablemente cambiaron la historia del mundo. Este fue el tiempo de El Quijote.The life and work of Miguel de Cervantes coincide with the first cycle of globalization. One of the main engines of the world economy was the silver trade between the Americas and the Asian markets. The new world economy was developing at the same time as the «military revolution» in Eurasia. The Spanish, Ottoman, Safavid, Mughal and Russian empires and other political entities used the new military «hardware» and «software» to expand their borders and to maintain their position employing the larger part of their financial resources. These new economic and political realities propelled ecological exchanges that would irrevocably change the history of the world. That was the time of Don Quixote.Publicad
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