189 research outputs found
High quality optical and optoelectronic materials for efficient light management and solar spectrum control and conversion
No full textOptoelectronic devices that effectively manipulate and manage light are of great interest in multiple fields, particularly in photovoltaics (PV) as a way to absorb and convert light into electricity. On the other hand, display technologies exploit optical materials and optoelectronics to efficiently extract light from an emissive component. Regardless of industry, similar principles guide the research of these devices and can be utilized to improve upon existing designs or generate new, unique designs. This dissertation focuses on high performance optoelectronic devices for both PV and emissive display applications that employ similar principles to optimize optical pathways within the respective device design.
We first explore ultrathin semiconductor designs that reduce costs of expensive materials and processing. Silicon solar microcells are re-designed to account for high series resistance and poor absorption. A back contact design significantly reduces the series resistance within the solar microcell and allows for an anti-reflection coating on the front surface to drastically improve the absorption of incident irradiation. Strategies for an improved concentration design are then explored that implement traditional lenses for concentration of direct light at high concentration ratios. Collection of diffuse light is then achieved through a luminescent solar concentrator (LSC) in the backplane of the lens array, contributing to additional achievable power on both clear and cloudy days.
The improved solar microcells are then integrated with a low power density application, a self-powered electrochromic, or “smart” window. Here, the microcells are shown as an exemplar high performance and relatively transparent PV material to power such a window. Processes for fabrication of the self-powered electrochromic window are considered for scalability and ease of integration into industrial applications. These include sol-gel methods for preparation of active, electrochromic films and the ability to do processing on flexible substrates. The latter enables transitory capabilities as well as the possibility to include an adhesive for active retrofitting to existing windows. An electrochromic film powered by the Si microcells is demonstrated with transmission modulation on the order of 46%.
Finally, we show a design for an emissive cavity to replace absorptive color filters in a liquid crystal display (LCD). Strategies from LSCs are exploited to design the emissive component, quantum dots embedded in a polymer waveguide. The quantum dots used here have high quantum yields and narrow bandwidths, which are necessary if an RGB display is to be realized. Additionally, the Stokes shift of the quantum dots is large, which reduces reabsorption events within the polymer waveguide. The waveguide is then integrated into a reflective cavity that reflects luminesced photons (especially those emitted from the edge of the waveguide) towards a small top aperture. High extraction efficiencies are achieved with this design and a micropixel array is presented as a prototype for integration into an LCD panel.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2020-12-01The student, Mikayla Yoder, accepted the attached license on 2018-11-29 at 18:15.The student, Mikayla Yoder, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2018-11-29 at 18:38.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2018-12-03 at 11:46.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #13150 on 2019-02-08 at 11:40:25Made available in DSpace on 2019-02-08T18:43:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 41
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Previous issue date: 2018-12-03Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 109951
Lift date: 2021-02-08T18:43:54Z
Reason: Author requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemEmbargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 109951
Lift date: 2021-02-08T18:44:50Z
Reason: Author requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemLimited Restriction Lifted for Item 109951 on 2021-02-09T10:15:45Z
The Yoder three-tier model for optimal planning and execution of contingency contracting
No full textThe following article is taken as an excerpt from the proceedings of the annual Acquisition Research Program. This annual event showcases the research projects funded through the Acquisition Research Program at the Graduate School of Business and Public Policy at the Naval Postgraduate School. Featuring keynote speakers, plenary panels, multiple panel sessions, a student research poster show and social events, the Annual Acquisition Research Symposium offers a candid environment where high-ranking Department of Defense (DoD) officials, industry officials, accomplished faculty and military students are encouraged to collaborate on finding applicable solutions to the challenges facing acquisition policies and processes within the DoD today. By jointly and publicly questioning the norms of industry and academia, the resulting research benefits from myriad perspectives and collaborations which can identify better solutions and practices in acquisition, contract, financial, logistics and program management. For further information regarding the Acquisition Research Program, electronic copies of additional research, or to learn more about becoming a sponsor, please visit our program website at: www.acquisitionresearch.org. For further information on or to register for the next Acquisition Research Symposium during the third week of May, please visit our conference website at: www.researchsymposium.org.;Contingency efforts in Iraq, Afghanistan, and several other countries in the last few years have been subjected to close scrutiny and critique. Contingency Contracting operations are increasingly the major source of support and provisioning in forward theaters, especially in light of reductions in organic (non-contracted) support capabilities. Recently, theater combatant commanders have come to rely on contingency contracting officers to support coalition forces, and concurrently, to achieve a transformation of the economic landscape essential for achieving theater objectives. But, critics of recent operations cite deficiencies in DoD's ability to effectively and efficiently conduct a coordinated contracting support effort that integrates the combatant commander's theater objectives with the myriad stakeholders deemed essential for success. Can we, the military, achieve better results? The author contends that with proper understanding of integrated planning and execution, contingency contracting operations can, and will, provide significant leverage for achieving the combatant commander's objectives. The author formally presented, on August 7th, 2003, a Yoder three-tier model for contingency contracting operations to the faculty of the Naval Postgraduate School. Subsequent to the NPS faculty presentation, the author published a synoptic interest article in the Army AL&T Magazine's January-February 2004 edition, entitled, Contingency Contracting Operations--Achieving Better Results. Because of continued interest in the Yoder three-tier model expressed by academics, force planners, and contracting offices from several agencies, the author believes a more comprehensive write-up of the Yoder three-tier model is appropriate. The NPS Acquisition Symposium provides the in-depth coverage, broad dissemination and recognized avenue for open dialogue of the model and its potential efficacy. As such, this paper proposes the Yoder three-tier contingency contracting officer model structure for Army, Navy, Marine Corps, and Air Force support of theater contingency contracting operations. The creation of this Yoder three-tier model and its employment will allow for better planning and coordination; likewise, it will allow for better tactical, operational, and theater objective support.Second Annual Acquisition Research SymposiumApproved for public release; distribution is unlimited
Data for: An analysis of conservation practice adoption studies in agricultural human-natural systems
No full textThe supplementary materials contains the full coded dataset for a systematic literature review of 174 studies examining farmers' adoption of conservation practices. It lists each of the 174 peer-reviewed journal articles lead author's last name, year published, and full title, as well as an additional 20 articles that were omitted from coded. It contains definitions for each code and indicates which codes were selected within each article, as well as overall totals. There are two additional spreadsheets that provide the entire 2,044 unique journal articles returned from the full search results and the full search string used in each Web of Science search. The document provides details on how diverse studies characterize conservation adoption from a couple human-natural systems perspective, including types of adoption metrics and whether conservation outcomes are measured, farm characteristics, farmer demographics, individual farmer ability and willingness, social dimensions, and governance factors
High quality optical and optoelectronic materials for efficient light management and solar spectrum control and conversion
No full textOptoelectronic devices that effectively manipulate and manage light are of great interest in multiple fields, particularly in photovoltaics (PV) as a way to absorb and convert light into electricity. On the other hand, display technologies exploit optical materials and optoelectronics to efficiently extract light from an emissive component. Regardless of industry, similar principles guide the research of these devices and can be utilized to improve upon existing designs or generate new, unique designs. This dissertation focuses on high performance optoelectronic devices for both PV and emissive display applications that employ similar principles to optimize optical pathways within the respective device design.
We first explore ultrathin semiconductor designs that reduce costs of expensive materials and processing. Silicon solar microcells are re-designed to account for high series resistance and poor absorption. A back contact design significantly reduces the series resistance within the solar microcell and allows for an anti-reflection coating on the front surface to drastically improve the absorption of incident irradiation. Strategies for an improved concentration design are then explored that implement traditional lenses for concentration of direct light at high concentration ratios. Collection of diffuse light is then achieved through a luminescent solar concentrator (LSC) in the backplane of the lens array, contributing to additional achievable power on both clear and cloudy days.
The improved solar microcells are then integrated with a low power density application, a self-powered electrochromic, or “smart” window. Here, the microcells are shown as an exemplar high performance and relatively transparent PV material to power such a window. Processes for fabrication of the self-powered electrochromic window are considered for scalability and ease of integration into industrial applications. These include sol-gel methods for preparation of active, electrochromic films and the ability to do processing on flexible substrates. The latter enables transitory capabilities as well as the possibility to include an adhesive for active retrofitting to existing windows. An electrochromic film powered by the Si microcells is demonstrated with transmission modulation on the order of 46%.
Finally, we show a design for an emissive cavity to replace absorptive color filters in a liquid crystal display (LCD). Strategies from LSCs are exploited to design the emissive component, quantum dots embedded in a polymer waveguide. The quantum dots used here have high quantum yields and narrow bandwidths, which are necessary if an RGB display is to be realized. Additionally, the Stokes shift of the quantum dots is large, which reduces reabsorption events within the polymer waveguide. The waveguide is then integrated into a reflective cavity that reflects luminesced photons (especially those emitted from the edge of the waveguide) towards a small top aperture. High extraction efficiencies are achieved with this design and a micropixel array is presented as a prototype for integration into an LCD panel.LimitedAuthor requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD syste
Christian nonconformity by J. H. Yoder and M. L. King
No full textThis Bachelor thesis with the title Christian nonconformity by J. H. Yoder and M. L. King, deals with the specific status of Christian in society. The first part of the thesis is dedicated to the ethical concept of J. H. Yoder and the second part is dedicated to the ethical concept of M. L. King. The final part is attempting to compare both approaches with a focus on nonconformity. In the comparison is persuaded the social aspect in particular and shows the relationship between the society and the Christians according both concepts. The author of the work uses as literal sources particularly the essays and speeches from M. L. King and from the book of J. H. Yodera: The politics of Jesus. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org
Substantive Due Process and Free Exercise of Religion: Meyer, Pierce and the Origins of Wisconsin v. Yoder
No full textIn this paper the author examines the nature of parents\u27 due process right to direct the education of their children and its relationship to the First Amendment. The article begins with the hardiest of the U.S. Supreme Court\u27s early substantive due process decisions: Meyer v. Nebraska and Pierce v. Society of Sisters. Meyer struck down a Nebraska law forbidding the teaching of foreign language in public or private schools; Pierce struck down an Oregon law requiring attendance at public schools. Part I recounts that the laws in both cases were the result of complex forces, uniting groups as disparate as the Ku Klux Klan and the progressives, both of which advocated the “Americanization” of the state\u27s young people. In both cases, the incidence of the laws fell heavily and deliberately on parochial schools. Yet in both cases the Supreme Court ignored the claims of infringement of religious liberty and resorted to the reasoning of substantive due process to recognize a parental right to direct children\u27s education.
Part II discusses that the constitutional bases for parental rights and free exercise claims in the 1920s were more closely connected than we might have thought at first glance. Indeed, for the Court in that era, free exercise rights were substantive due process rights. Deciding Meyer and Pierce on the basis of parental rights, rather than free exercise grounds, imposed few additional intellectual costs on the Court and, importantly, absolved the Court of some difficult questions surrounding the relationship between the First and Fourteenth Amendments. Like the Court\u27s earlier substantive due process cases, Meyer and Pierce are without constitutional rigor, thereby giving the Court great flexibility to support benevolent causes.
Part III discusses Wisconsin v. Yoder, and Part IV shows that Yoder follows in the substantive due process tradition of Meyer and Pierce. Unlike those cases, Yoder comes with the formal trappings of the Free Exercise Clause, but like those cases, Yoder\u27s free exercise rights are fitted into a larger patchwork of substantive due process rights. As a result, Yoder too lacks doctrinal rigor and becomes a useful vehicle for giving the Court a way out in difficult cases, while not imposing any additional form on the First Amendment. In this sense, Yoder survives Smith, but only because there is so little to survive
The Yoder Three-tier Model for Optimal Planning and Execution of Contingency Contracting
No full textAcquisition research (Graduate School of Business & Public Policy)Contingency efforts in Iraq, Afghanistan, and several other countries in the last few years have been subjected to close scrutiny and critique. Contingency Contracting operations are increasingly the major source of support and provisioning in forward theaters, especially in light of reductions in organic (non-contracted) support capabilities. Recently, theater combatant commanders have come to rely on contingency contracting officers to support coalition forces, and concurrently, to achieve a transformation of the economic landscape essential for achieving theater objectives. But, critics of recent operations cite deficiencies in DoD's ability to effectively and efficiently conduct a coordinated contracting support effort that integrates the combatant commander's theater objectives with the myriad stakeholders deemed essential for success. Can we, the military, achieve better results? The author contends that with proper understanding of integrated planning and execution, contingency contracting operations can, and will, provide significant leverage for achieving the combatant commander's objectives.Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited
Contrasting John Howard Yoder and Stanley Hauerwas on Being the Church in a Culture but not of the Culture
No full text[missing page:107]This thesis examines the contrasts and constructive value in the writings of John Howard Yoder and Stanley Hauerwas concerning the relationship of the church to its surrounding culture. The writings of each author are individually examined to understand their common perspectives on how the church should function within its surrounding culture. Differences between the two authors are then described to highlight each one's distinctive contributions and missteps. The last chapter argues for the constructive value of their combined voice concerning the church addressing and living in culture.Master of Arts (MA
A collection of songs & hymns for the use of schools & homes, the nursery, and the fireside /
No full textIncludes index.Edition statement from cover.Don Yoder Collection of American Hymnody.Mode of access: Internet
Estrogenic modulation of auditory processing in female songbirds:
No full textIn songbirds, male song is learned and is thought to be sexually selected for as a function of female mate choice. In this view, females must choose a conspecific mate whose song provides an honest signal of his quality. Male zebra finches copy an adult tutor’s song during development, and a memory for this tutor song is stored in the brain auditory processing area NCM. Female zebra finches do not copy, but they do show a behavioral preference in adulthood for the tutor song that they heard during development. Surprisingly, female NCM does not appear to have a memory for the tutor-song like that in males. We hypothesized that the expression of this memory in female NCM can be modulated by gonadal hormones, specifically that physiological estrogen levels in breeding females may influence sexual behavior by inducing changes in NCM that allow the previously formed tutor-song memory to be expressed, enable conspecific sounds to be discriminated from less relevant sounds, and facilitate acquisition of new auditory memories - all processes which may contribute to successful mate choice and reproduction. We tested these hypotheses by rearing females (n=26) in a controlled environment and exposing them to an artificial song-tutor during the sensitive period. In adulthood, we recorded their electrophysiological responses to tutor-song playback during estrogen (n=10), anti-estrogen (n=8) or vehicle (n=8) treatment. We also tested the same animals for conspecific vs. heterospecific song discrimination and the acquisition of memories for recently heard songs. Our results did not show an effect of hormonal manipulations on the expression of the tutor-song memory and thus did not support our primary hypothesis. However, anti-estrogen treatment degraded conspecific song discrimination and the acquisition of a memory for recently heard songs, suggesting that these processes require normal estrogen levels for their expression. Our results are consistent with an important role for estrogen in auditory processing and memory acquisition, consistent with studies in other animal systems. Future work will address the mechanisms by which estrogen modulates these effects.M.S.Includes bibliographical references (p. 47-50)by Kathleen Marie Yode
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