305 research outputs found
Invading grass-like alga transforms rippled sand bars into bumpy muddy flats: arrival of a game changer in the Wadden Sea
No full textIn the wake of biological globalization, translocated species of high bio-engineering capacity increasingly change bottom topography of sedimentary coasts. A Vaucheria-taxon (Xanthophyceae) of unknown origin is spreading at the transition between intertidal and subtidal zones, while resident Vaucheria-species are confined to the upper shore in the Wadden Sea (European Atlantic). Near the island of Sylt, dense turfs of green filaments rapidly expanded over an area of 180 ha within 3 years. The unicellular filaments reach about 5 cm out of and 5 cm into the sediment. Felted rhizoids provide firm anchorage. Dry phytomass (up to 208 g m-2) was similar to that of intertidal seagrass beds. Residual filaments overwinter in the sediment and give rise to renewed growth in late spring. In addition, oospores germinate. Fine particles are trapped by the turf during summer, generating laminated cohesive mud. Muddy hummocks arise up to 20 cm above ambient sand flats, alternating with troughs but gradually merge into coherent and pertinacious plateaus of mud. This shift in bottom topography and sediment composition may potentially change the mud balance of tidal basins, and the capacity of tidal flats in catching up with accelerating sea-level rise
The Fixed Wage Puzzle: Why Profit Sharing Is So Hard to Implement
No full textIt is well known that profit sharing arrangements Pareto-dominate fixed wage contracts. Share agreements are (far) less than ubiquitous, however. This paper offers a solution of this "fixed wage puzzle“ by adopting a perspective of bounded rationality. We show that share arrangements that fulfill ”plausible“ constraints are not generally acceptable to both firms and unions.Profit Sharing, Share Economy, Remuneration Systems
Invasive Vaucheria (Xanthophyceae) at the lower shore of the Wadden Sea
No full textVaucheria species have previously been restricted to upper shore habitats in the Wadden Sea (eastern North Sea, European Atlantic). In contrast to these previous observations, we have now found Vaucheria longicaulis and a distinct plastid lineage of V. velutina spreading along the lower shores, forming extensive turfs at and below low tide level under fully marine conditions near the Island of Sylt. Species and populations were identified by morphological features and reconfirmed by sequencing the plastid-encoding gene rbcL and the psbA-rbcL spacer region. We needed to modify primer sequences to successfully amplify the rbcL region of marine and brackish Vaucheria species. Due to distinct phylogenetic grouping, we can reject the possibility of niche expansions from the upper shore and propose recent introductions as the cause of the newly formed populations at the lower shore
What is the Avatar?
No full textWhat are the characteristic features of avatar-based singleplayer videogames, from Super Mario Bros. to Grand Theft Auto? Rune Klevjer examines this question with a particular focus on issues of fictionality and realism, and their relation to cinema and Virtual Reality. Through close-up analysis and philosophical discussion, Klevjer argues that avatar-based gaming is a distinctive and dominant form of virtual self-embodiment in digital culture. This book is a revised edition of Rune Klevjer's pioneering work from 2007, featuring a new introduction by the author and afterword by Stephan Günzel, Jörg Sternagel, and Dieter Mersch
CTD profile measurements along cross-river transects in the Lena River Delta, Siberia, in 2017
No full textConductivity-Temperature-Depth (CTD) profiles measured along cross-river transects in the inner Lena Delta. Data was measured using a CTD 60M multiparameter probe (Sea & Sun Technology GmbH, Germany)
Stata syntax of pre-planned analyses in the project "Effectiveness of black bars and related methods for de-identification of facial images"
No full textFilename: analyze_data.do
Description: This do-file shows the pre-planned analyses in the project "Effectiveness of black bars and related methods for de-identification of facial images"
Language: Stata (version 15)
Encoding: UTF-8
Author: Martin Rune Hassan Hansen, Aarhus University ([email protected])
Date of last edit: 2021-08-1
Bureaucracy and Hierarchy – What Else!?
No full textHierarchy and bureaucracy have been more or less welcomed companions of human civilisation from the very beginning. In almost every culture and epoch, ruling elites and followers, superiors and subordinates can be identified. Hierarchy and bureaucracy are quite flexible, adaptable and they are fairly persistent – but why could, or even should we see this as a problem?
This introduction will first provide a brief history of no change, followed by the second section where the advantages and disadvantages and the contested terrain of hierarchy are elaborated in some length. The discussion focuses on three areas: the functional, social and ethical qualities of hierarchy. In the final section, the chapters of this volume will be briefly introduced. The chapters are grouped into three sections: (I) Fundamentals and historical accounts of bureaucracy, (II) Organisational, cultural and socio-psychological aspects of hierarchy and (III) Alternative views on, and alternatives to hierarchy.
Title: Bureaucracy and Hierarchy – what Else!?
Author(s): Thomas Diefenbach, Rune Todnem By
Volume: 35 Editor(s): Thomas Diefenbach, Rune Todnem By
ISBN: 978-1-78052-782-6 eISBN: 978-1-78052-783-3
Citation:
Thomas Diefenbach, Rune Todnem By (2012), Bureaucracy and Hierarchy – what Else!?, in Thomas Diefenbach, Rune Todnem By (ed.) Reinventing Hierarchy and Bureaucracy – from the Bureau to Network Organizations (Research in the Sociology of Organizations, Volume 35), Emerald Group Publishing Limited, pp.1-2
The Fixed Wage Puzzle : Why Profit Sharing Is So Hard to Implement
No full textIt is well known that profit sharing arrangements Pareto-dominate fixed wage contracts. Share agreements are (far) less than ubiquitous, however. This paper offers a solution of this „fixed wage puzzle“ by adopting a perspective of bounded rationality. We show that share arrangements that fulfill „plausible“ constraints are not generally acceptable to both firms and unions.
The Rune Stones of Spirit Pond, Maine
No full textThe author reports on his official investigation of the inscription on three rune stones discovered in 1971 by Walter J. Elliott near Spirit Pond, Maine (USA). In determining the authenticity of the stones as Viking Age artifacts, three steps were involved: 1) transcription of the runes, 2) transliteration into the Latin alphabet, and 3) interpretation of the meaning of the inscriptions. The relationship of runes (as alphabetic symbols) to the history of Scandinavian languages is outlined; special problems of these inscriptions are discussed: 1) the runes are not those used in the eleventh or later centuries, 2) spelling and the use of "runic" numerals are inconsistent with runic and scribal practice, 3) the grammatical form is unrecognizable as Old Norse, 4) peculiarities relate directly to the Kensington Stone inscription in Minnesota. Conclusion: the inscriptions could not have been carved by Scandinavian Vikings in the Middle Ages, and probably date since 1932
CTD profile measurements along a cross-river transect in the Lena River Delta, Siberia. Transect A, August 7, 2017
No full textCTD profile measurements along a cross-river transect in the Lena River Delta, Siberia. Transect H, August 9, 201
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