572 research outputs found
THEMIS observations during MY 33 and 34
No full textThe file "THEMIStaudustMY33_34.dat" is a table of column dust optical depth retrieved from THEMIS infrared observations during Mars Years 33 and 34.The file "THEMIStempsMY33_34.dat" is a table of brightness temperatures observed by THEMIS in Bands 3 and 10 during Mars Years 33 and 34. THEMIS Band 3 (centered at 7.93 microns) is the most transparent THEMIS Band and thus closest to surface temperature although during regional and global dust storms there can be appreciable contribution from dust. THEMIS Band 10 (centered at 14.88 microns) is indicative of atmospheric temperatures over a broad range of altitudes centered at about 0.5 mbar or 25 km. The THEMIS Band 10 brightness temperature is also commonly called "T15", meaning brightness temperature at 15 microns
Themis in Sophocles.
No full textThis study examines the history of themis’ (θέμις) semantic range in archaic and classical Greek literature and religion. Prior to the codification of law, archaic Greek society made a wide variety of claims about right and wrong in terms of the idea of themis: in its earliest literary and epigraphic attestations, the semantic range of themis and related terms reflects what is normal or appropriate. But by the classical period, this range has shifted, and themis also describes the divine will as expressed in oracular utterance: themistes become oracles, and the verb themisteuein the act of delivering them. But the emergence of themis’ oracular connotations raises problems vis-à-vis its traditional force, and it is only in the later tragedies of Sophocles that a new understanding of the term’s semantics appears: for the first time, what is ethically appropriate becomes consistent with the dictates of oracular utterance. Themis in Sophocles denotes both realities simultaneously.
The study considers the histories of Themis-cult and oracular divination, drawing on the epigraphic and archaeological record, but it is primarily concerned with the changes in themis’ semantic range across archaic and classical Greek literature. It offers new readings of themis’ role in numerous canonical texts: Homer and Hesiod, the Homeric Hymn to Apollo, Pindar’s eighth Isthmian ode, several tragedies of Aeschylus (Supplices, Seven Against Thebes, and the Oresteia), the pseudo-Aeschylean Prometheus Bound, and the later plays of Sophocles (Philoctetes, Electra, and Oedipus at Colonus) all receive detailed treatment.PhDClassical StudiesUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/63633/1/sampson_1.pd
THEMIS observations during MY 33 and 34
No full textThe file "THEMIStaudustMY33_34.dat" is a table of column dust optical depth retrieved from THEMIS infrared observations during Mars Years 33 and 34.The file "THEMIStempsMY33_34.dat" is a table of brightness temperatures observed by THEMIS in Bands 3 and 10 during Mars Years 33 and 34. THEMIS Band 3 (centered at 7.93 microns) is the most transparent THEMIS Band and thus closest to surface temperature although during regional and global dust storms there can be appreciable contribution from dust. THEMIS Band 10 (centered at 14.88 microns) is indicative of atmospheric temperatures over a broad range of altitudes centered at about 0.5 mbar or 25 km. The THEMIS Band 10 brightness temperature is also commonly called "T15", meaning brightness temperature at 15 microns. Inside the folder "Supplemental Files for JGR" are additional files used in creating plots for "THEMIS observations of the 2018 global dust storm" (Smith, M.D., JGR-Planets, 2019JE006107). The file "zdust.txt" contains the equivalent altitude of atmospheric dust, dust, measured in scale heights above the surface" (Figure 3). The file "slope.txt" contains data found in Figure 4. The file "TES.SeasonalClimatology.txt" file contains retrievals of atmospheric quantities (dust and water ice optical depth, T15 temperature) from TES spectra used in Figures 9 and 10
Generation of Themis<sup>−/−</sup> mice expressing mutant Themis proteins.
No full text<p>(A) Schematic representation of the mutant Themis proteins. (B) Analysis of Themis protein expression by immunoblot using sorted CD69<sup>−</sup> DP thymocytes from Themis<sup>+/+</sup>, Themis<sup>+/−</sup>, Themis<sup>−/−</sup> and Themis<sup>−/−</sup> mice expressing ΔPRS, ΔCore1, ΔCore2, ΔNLS, CAB2-1 mutant, or WT Themis. Data are representative of more than three independent experiments.</p
THEMIS observations during MY 33 and 34
No full textThe file "THEMIStaudustMY33_34.dat" is a table of column dust optical depth retrieved from THEMIS infrared observations during Mars Years 33 and 34.
The file "THEMIStempsMY33_34.dat" is a table of brightness temperatures observed by THEMIS in Bands 3 and 10 during Mars Years 33 and 34. THEMIS Band 3 (centered at 7.93 microns) is the most transparent THEMIS Band and thus closest to surface temperature although during regional and global dust storms there can be appreciable contribution from dust. THEMIS Band 10 (centered at 14.88 microns) is indicative of atmospheric temperatures over a broad range of altitudes centered at about 0.5 mbar or 25 km. The THEMIS Band 10 brightness temperature is also commonly called "T15", meaning brightness temperature at 15 microns
THEMIS observations during MY 33 and 34
No full textThe file "THEMIStaudustMY33_34.dat" is a table of column dust optical depth retrieved from THEMIS infrared observations during Mars Years 33 and 34.
The file "THEMIStempsMY33_34.dat" is a table of brightness temperatures observed by THEMIS in Bands 3 and 10 during Mars Years 33 and 34. THEMIS Band 3 (centered at 7.93 microns) is the most transparent THEMIS Band and thus closest to surface temperature although during regional and global dust storms there can be appreciable contribution from dust. THEMIS Band 10 (centered at 14.88 microns) is indicative of atmospheric temperatures over a broad range of altitudes centered at about 0.5 mbar or 25 km. The THEMIS Band 10 brightness temperature is also commonly called "T15", meaning brightness temperature at 15 microns.
Inside the folder "Supplemental Files for JGR" are additional files used in creating plots for "THEMIS observations of the 2018 global dust storm" (Smith, M.D., JGR-Planets, 2019JE006107). The file "zdust.txt" contains the equivalent altitude of atmospheric dust, dust, measured in scale heights above the surface" (Figure 3). The file "slope.txt" contains data found in Figure 4. The file "TES.SeasonalClimatology.txt" file contains retrievals of atmospheric quantities (dust and water ice optical depth, T15 temperature) from TES spectra used in Figures 9 and 10
Themis mutants lack tyrosine-phosphorylation and Grb2-association.
No full text<p>(A) Analysis of tyrosine-phosphorylation and protein interactions of Themis mutants. Thymocytes from the indicated mutant mice were stimulated with anti-CD3 plus anti-CD4 antibodies. Proteins were immunoprecipitated (IP) with anti-Themis antibody and analyzed by immunoblot (IB) with the indicated antibodies. Data are representative of four independent experiments. (B) Anti-Themis monoclonal antibody (mAb) 2E7 binds to the PRS motif. Immunoprecipitated Themis proteins from Themis<sup>+/+</sup>, Themis<sup>−/−</sup> ΔCore1, Themis<sup>−/−</sup> ΔCore2 and Themis<sup>−/−</sup> ΔPRS thymocytes were immunoblotted with anti-Themis mAb 2E7. Data are representative of three independent experiments. (C) Cell lysates from Themis<sup>+/+</sup> thymocytes were sequentially immunoprecipitated with 2E7 and anti-Themis polyclonal antibody (pAb). Grb2 was co-precipitated with anti-Themis pAb but not with 2E7. Data are representative of three independent experiments.</p
Global Magnetospheric Response to an Interplanetary Shock: THEMIS Observations
No full textWe investigate the global response of geospace plasma environment to an interplanetary shock at approx. 0224 UT on May 28, 2008 from multiple THEMIS spacecraft observations in the magnetosheath (THEMIS B and C) and the mid-afternoon (THEMIS A) and dusk magnetosphere (THEMIS D and E). The interaction of the transmitted interplanetary shock with the magnetosphere has global effects. Consequently, it can affect geospace plasma significantly. After interacting with the bow shock, the interplanetary shock transmitted a fast shock and a discontinuity which propagated through the magnetosheath toward the Earth at speeds of 300 km/s and 137 km/s respectively. THEMIS A observations indicate that the plasmaspheric plume changed significantly by the interplanetary shock impact. The plasmaspheric plume density increased rapidly from 10 to 100/ cubic cm in 4 min and the ion distribution changed from isotropic to strongly anisotropic distribution. Electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves observed by THEMIS A are most likely excited by the anisotropic ion distributions caused by the interplanetary shock impact. To our best knowledge, this is the first direct observation of the plasmaspheric plume response to an interplanetary shock's impact. THEMIS A, but not D or E, observed a plasmaspheric plume in the dayside magnetosphere. Multiple spacecraft observations indicate that the dawn-side edge of the plasmaspheric plume was located between THEMIS A and D (or E)
Differential function of Themis CABIT domains during T cell development.
No full textThemis (also named Gasp) is a newly identified Grb2-binding protein that is essential for thymocyte positive selection. Despite the possible involvement of Themis in TCR-mediated signal transduction, its function remains unresolved and controversial. Themis contains two functionally uncharacterized regions called CABIT (cysteine-containing, all-β in Themis) domains, a nuclear localization signal (NLS), and a proline-rich sequence (PRS). To elucidate the role of these motifs in Themis's function in vivo, we established a series of mutant Themis transgenic mice on a Themis(-/-) background. Deletion of the highly conserved Core motif of CABIT1 or CABIT2 (Core1 or Core2, respectively), the NLS, or the PRS abolished Grb2-association, as well as TCR-dependent tyrosine-phosphorylation and the ability to induce positive selection in the thymus. The NLS and Core1 motifs were required for the nuclear localization of Themis, whereas Core2 and PRS were not. Furthermore, expression of ΔCore1- but not ΔCore2-Themis conferred dominant negative-type inhibition on T cell development. Collectively, our current results indicate that PRS, NLS, CABIT1, and CABIT2 are all required for positive selection, and that each of the CABIT domains exerts distinct functions during positive selection
Magnetopause reconnection across wide local time
No full textDuring April to July 2007 a combination of 10 spacecraft provided simultaneous monitoring of the dayside magnetopause across a wide range of local times. The array of four Cluster spacecraft, separated at large distances (10 000 km), were traversing the dawn-side magnetopause at high and low latitudes; the five THEMIS spacecraft were often in a 4 + 1 grouped configuration, traversing the low latitude, dusk-side magnetosphere, and the Double star, TC-1 spacecraft was in an equatorial orbit between the local times of the THEMIS and Cluster orbits. We show here a number of near simultaneous conjunctions of all 10 spacecraft at the magnetopause. One conjunction identifies an extended magnetic reconnection X-line, tilted in the low latitude, sub-solar region, which exists together with active anti-parallel reconnection sites extending to locations on the dawn-side flank. Oppositely moving FTE's are observed on all spacecraft, consistent with the initially strong IMF By conditions and the comparative locations of the spacecraft both dusk-ward and dawn-ward of noon. Comparison with other conjunctions of magnetopause crossings, which are also distributed over wide local times, supports the result that reconnection activity may occur at many sites simultaneously across the sub-solar and flank magnetopause, but linked to the large scale (extended) configuration of the merging line; broadly depending on IMF orientation. The occurrence of MR therefore inherently follows a "component" driven scenario irrespective of the guide field conditions. Some conjunctions allow the global magnetopause response to IMF changes to be observed and the distribution of spacecraft can directly confirm its shape, motion and deformation at local noon, dawn and dusk-side, simultaneously
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