356 research outputs found
Structural features of economic integration in an enlarged Europe: patterns of catching-up and industrial specialisation
No full textThis paper discusses the evolution of competitiveness, industrial and trade specialisation in the manufacturing sector of the countries of Central and Eastern Europe (CEECs). It is shown that the paths taken by the different CEECs have been quite diverse and we attempt to apply a combination of a catching-up plus trade specialisation model which is required to understand the patterns of specialisation emerging in Central and Eastern Europe.structural change, international specialisation, catching-up, convergence, central and eastern europe, eu enlargement, international integration, labour markets, Landesmann
International production, structural change and public policies in times of pandemics
No full textThe COVID-19 pandemic is reshaping the world economy at a pace never seen
before. Both supply- and demand-side conditions have been affected, putting all relevant
dimensions of the economy under unprecedent stress.
At the time of writing this introduction, the virus is continuing to infect and kill
large numbers of people in several countries, especially in the US, Brazil and India.
In Europe, the contagion curve has flattened almost everywhere through the widespread
application of draconian lockdown and social distancing measures. By drastically
reducing interpersonal contacts, such measures were instrumental to mitigate
the health consequences of the pandemic. At the same time, they caused a dramatic
drop in global GDP and employment, resulting in a major economic slowdown
which is paving the way for a recession even worse than the one triggered by the
Great Financial Crisis of 2008
[Verehrl. Redact. der „Gegenwart“ in Berlin].
No full textHandwritten letter from Heinrich Landesmann to the editor of the weekly magazine Die Gegenwart signed both Heinrich
Landesmann and Hieronymus Lorm, his pseudonym. The letter concerns an essay he wrote on Otto Pfleiderer's
Religionsphilosophie auf geschichtlicher Grundlage.Poet and author, 1821-1902.The original German-language inventory is available in the folderProcessed for digitizatio
Whither growth in central and eastern Europe? Policy lessons for an integrated Europe
No full textIn this Blueprint, Bruegel Resident Fellows Zsolt Darvas, Jean Pisani-Ferry, André Sapir and their co-authors Torbjörn Becker, Daniel Daianu, Vladimir Gligorov, Michael A Landesmann, Pavle Petrovic, Dariusz K. Rosati and Beatrice Weder di Mauro argue that in view of the depth of integration in Europe, the development model of the central, eastern and south-eastern Europe (CESEE) region, despite its shortcomings, should be preserved. But it should be reformed, with major implications for policymaking both at national and EU levels. If so, what are the required changes? Bruegel and The Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies (wiiw) cooperated to form this expert group of economists from various European countries to research these issues.
Migrants and Natives in EU Labour Markets: Mobility and Job-Skill Mismatch Patterns
No full textThis paper presents a descriptive account of labour mobility across the EU economies. The focus of the paper is on different patterns between migrants ('foreign born') and natives with regard to mobility, exploring in particular the potential of migrants to 'grease the wheels' (Borjas, 2001) of labour markets by either themselves showing higher mobility rates or impacting on the mobility patterns of natives or existing migrants themselves. The main indicators examined are the gross mobility and net employment creation rates (GERR and NECR respectively) taken over from Davis and Haltiwanger (1992, 1999). This paper contains a descriptive assessment while a companion paper (Landesmann and Leitner, 2015) undertakes an econometric analysis of the determinants of mobility patterns. We differentiate between the EU-15 and the NMS-8 and further between sub-regions (OMS-North, OMS-South, NMS-Central, Baltics). We analyse differences in mobility patterns in OMS and NMS as regards age groups, skill groups, gender, length of job tenure, etc. Apart from overall labour market mobility we also examine inter-regional and inter-sectoral mobility. A second part of the analysis covers measures of 'job-skill (mis) matches', again with a focus of analysing differences between migrants and natives in this respect
Prospects for Further (South) Eastern EU Enlargement: Form Divergence to Convergence?
No full textThis paper looks at the experience of South East Europe which – for the purposes of this paper – includes the former states of Yugoslavia except for Slovenia (i.e. Croatia, Serbia-Montenegro, Bosnia-Herzegovina, and Macedonia), Albania, and the two EU candidate countries, Bulgaria and Romania. For all these economies, accession to the EU will be the overriding driving force of the policy-making agenda for the foreseeable future, albeit with widely different time horizons in the individual economies. In Part One we describe the South East European (SEE) ‘region’ as one which has over the 1990s significantly ‘fallen behind’ in the process of economic development relative to the group of Central and Eastern European (CEE) economies which will join the EU in 2004. While developments are somewhat heterogeneous, there is, in particular, an abysmal employment record which has not even started to turn around, as well as an extremely bad productivity and export performance. In Part Two, we discuss in greater detail the conditions required to move towards a sustained growth and catching-up process. We analyse the problematic states of transition in some of the SEE economies as well as the basic disequilibria (fiscal, external, labour markets) which need to be resolved for sustained development to take place. The prospects of making up for the lost decade and dealing with the unresolved disequilibria will be a crucial issue in evaluating the prospects of EU accession some time in the future. We discuss the stumbling blocks both from the SEE side and the EU side in developing a clear perspective of integration with the EU.South East Europe, Balkan economies, convergence, EU enlargement
Industrial diversity and innovation spillovers: dynamic innovation and adoption
No full text"This paper explores the links between open innovation and the emergence of a
phoenix industry – the low carbon vehicles sector - in the UK’s traditional automotive
heartland, focusing on the West Midlands region. It highlights three major factors in
driving the development of this ‘phoenix’ industry at a regional level. Firstly, it
highlights the role of ‘open innovation’ approaches in driving the sector, for example
noting that smaller firms can sometimes innovate more quickly/more cheaply than the
major auto firms; the increased interaction across technologies, up and down supply
chains and between larger and smaller firms. In so doing, it also notes the role of
hybrid firms providing services, plus prototyping/low volume manufacturing (largely in
niche vehicles) and the transferability of these competences across industrial
sectors. Secondly, it points to the role of historic (and relatively immobile)
investments in the region, for example the past/ongoing importance of established
mass producers, the depth of skills and experience in suppliers and in the local
workforce; and cross-overs with the overlapping motorsport cluster. Finally, it
stresses the role of public-private sector cooperation, such as: the establishment of
the Automotive Council UK and its work in developing technology roadmaps,
informing regulation, and supporting development of the UK supply chain (a type of
industrial policy as a discovery process and in line with ‘smart specialisation’
principles); the R&D funding programmes developed with industry input; and the
earlier role of the Regional Development Agency. Overall, it points to the possibilities
of building smart specialisation strategies and industrial policies which are aligned
with ‘high-road strategies’."WWWforEurop
Industrial diversity and innovation spillovers: dynamic innovation and adoption
No full text"This paper explores the links between open innovation and the emergence of a
phoenix industry – the low carbon vehicles sector - in the UK’s traditional automotive
heartland, focusing on the West Midlands region. It highlights three major factors in
driving the development of this ‘phoenix’ industry at a regional level. Firstly, it
highlights the role of ‘open innovation’ approaches in driving the sector, for example
noting that smaller firms can sometimes innovate more quickly/more cheaply than the
major auto firms; the increased interaction across technologies, up and down supply
chains and between larger and smaller firms. In so doing, it also notes the role of
hybrid firms providing services, plus prototyping/low volume manufacturing (largely in
niche vehicles) and the transferability of these competences across industrial
sectors. Secondly, it points to the role of historic (and relatively immobile)
investments in the region, for example the past/ongoing importance of established
mass producers, the depth of skills and experience in suppliers and in the local
workforce; and cross-overs with the overlapping motorsport cluster. Finally, it
stresses the role of public-private sector cooperation, such as: the establishment of
the Automotive Council UK and its work in developing technology roadmaps,
informing regulation, and supporting development of the UK supply chain (a type of
industrial policy as a discovery process and in line with ‘smart specialisation’
principles); the R&D funding programmes developed with industry input; and the
earlier role of the Regional Development Agency. Overall, it points to the possibilities
of building smart specialisation strategies and industrial policies which are aligned
with ‘high-road strategies’."WWWforEurop
The Shape of the New Europe: Vertical Product Differentiation, Wage and Productivity Hierarchies
No full textEconomic Studies (WIIW) and Professor of Economics at Johanes Keple
Austrian Studies Newsletter - Fall 1998 - Vol. 10 No. 3
No full textFall 1998 includes: New Austrian Center opens in Canada; The “lesser traumatized”: Exile narratives of Austrian Jews (pt. 1); The Salzburger settlement at Ebenezer, Georgia; 1998 Salzburg Festival review; Interviews of Michael Landesmann and Gerda Neyer. Book reviews: “Thinking with History,” “Exclusive Revolutionaries,” and “An Experiment in Enlightened Absolutism: Hungary and the Habsburgs, 1765-1800.”University of Minnesota, Center for Austrian Studies. (1998). Austrian Studies Newsletter - Fall 1998 - Vol. 10 No. 3. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/177522
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