286 research outputs found
Communicating Chemical Congregation: A Molecular AND Logic Gate with Three Chemical Inputs as a �Lab-on-a-Molecule� Prototype
No full textPT: J; CR: ABBOTT EA, 1950, FLATLAND ROMANCE MAN AMENDOLA V, 2001, ACCOUNTS CHEM RES, V34, P488 BADJIC JD, 2004, SCIENCE, V303, P1845 BAG B, 2005, CHEM COMMUN 0128, P513 BALZANI V, 2003, MOL DEVICES MACHINES BHATTACHARYA S, 2003, CHEM COMMUN, P1158 BISSELL RA, 1992, J CHEM SOC P2, P1559 CALLAN JF, 2004, CHEM COMMUN, P2048 CHANG CJ, 2004, CHEM BIOL, V11, P203 DESILVA AP, 1993, NATURE, V364, P42 DESILVA AP, 1997, CHEM REV, V97, P1515 DESILVA AP, 1997, J AM CHEM SOC, V119, P7891 DESILVA AP, 1999, J AM CHEM SOC, V121, P1393 DESILVA AP, 2001, ELECT TRANSFER CHEM, V5, P156 DESILVA AP, 2001, MOL SWITCHES, P339 DESILVA AP, 2004, CHEM-EUR J, V10, P574 DESILVA SA, 2002, CHEM COMMUN, P1360 FABBRIZZI L, 1999, ACCOUNTS CHEM RES, V32, P846 FARINAS J, 1999, J BIOL CHEM, V274, P7603 GUNNLAUGSSON T, 2003, ORG BIOMOL CHEM, V1, P3265 GUNNLAUGSSON T, 2003, ORG LETT, V5, P4065 GUNNLAUGSSON T, 2004, TETRAHEDRON, V60, P11239 GUO XF, 2004, ADV MATER, V16, P125 HE HR, 2003, ANAL CHEM, V75, P549 HE HR, 2003, J AM CHEM SOC, V125, P1468 HERNANDEZ JV, 2004, SCIENCE, V306, P1532 HIRSCH ED, 2002, NEW DICT CULTURAL LI IZATT RM, 1976, J AM CHEM SOC, V98, P7626 IZATT RM, 1985, CHEM REV, V85, P271 KOSKELA SJM, 2004, CHEM COMMUN, P945 LANKSHEAR MD, 2006, CHEM COMMUN 0214, P612 LIM NC, 2004, CHEM COMMUN 0507, P1094 MARGULIES D, 2004, J AM CHEM SOC, V126, P15400 MARGULIES D, 2005, NAT MATER, V4, P768 MILLMAN J, 1988, MICROELECTRONICS NICOLL D, 2004, DIAGNOSTIC TESTS RAYMO FM, 2002, ADV MATER, V14, P401 SAUVAGE JP, 1998, ACCOUNTS CHEM RES, V31, P611 SMITH RM, 1974, CRITICAL STABILITY C STOJANOVIC MN, 2003, NAT BIOTECHNOL, V21, P1069 TSIEN RY, 1992, AM J PHYSIOL, V263, C723 TUSA JK, 2005, J MATER CHEM, V15, P2640 UCHIYAMA S, 2004, J AM CHEM SOC, V126, P3032 UCHIYAMA S, 2005, J AM CHEM SOC, V127, P8920 WANG HM, 2004, CHEM COMMUN 0321, P670 WISKUR SL, 2001, ACCOUNTS CHEM RES, V34, P963 WOODROOFE CC, 2003, J AM CHEM SOC, V125, P11458; NR: 47; TC: 10; J9: J AM CHEM SOC; PG: 2; GA: 034GNSource type: Electronic(1
Effects of eddy vorticity forcing on the mean state of the Kuroshio Extension
No full textAuthor Posting. © American Meteorological Society, 2015. This article is posted here by permission of American Meteorological Society for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Physical Oceanography 45 (2015): 1356–1375, doi:10.1175/JPO-D-13-0259.1.Eddy–mean flow interactions along the Kuroshio Extension (KE) jet are investigated using a vorticity budget of a high-resolution ocean model simulation, averaged over a 13-yr period. The simulation explicitly resolves mesoscale eddies in the KE and is forced with air–sea fluxes representing the years 1995–2007. A mean-eddy decomposition in a jet-following coordinate system removes the variability of the jet path from the eddy components of velocity; thus, eddy kinetic energy in the jet reference frame is substantially lower than in geographic coordinates and exhibits a cross-jet asymmetry that is consistent with the baroclinic instability criterion of the long-term mean field. The vorticity budget is computed in both geographic (i.e., Eulerian) and jet reference frames; the jet frame budget reveals several patterns of eddy forcing that are largely attributed to varicose modes of variability. Eddies tend to diffuse the relative vorticity minima/maxima that flank the jet, removing momentum from the fast-moving jet core and reinforcing the quasi-permanent meridional meanders in the mean jet. A pattern associated with the vertical stretching of relative vorticity in eddies indicates a deceleration (acceleration) of the jet coincident with northward (southward) quasi-permanent meanders. Eddy relative vorticity advection outside of the eastward jet core is balanced mostly by vertical stretching of the mean flow, which through baroclinic adjustment helps to drive the flanking recirculation gyres. The jet frame vorticity budget presents a well-defined picture of eddy activity, illustrating along-jet variations in eddy–mean flow interaction that may have implications for the jet’s dynamics and cross-frontal tracer fluxes.A. S. Delman (ASD) and J. L. McClean (JLM) were supported by NSF Grant OCE-0850463 and Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department of Energy, Grant DE-FG02-05ER64119. ASD and J. Sprintall were also supported by a NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship (NESSF), Grant NNX13AM93H. JLM was also supported by U.S. DOE Office of Science grant entitled “Ultra-High Resolution Global Climate Simulation” via a Los Alamos National Laboratory subcontract. S. R. Jayne was supported by NSF Grant OCE-0849808. Computational resources for the model run were provided by NSF Resource Grants TG-OCE110013 and TG-OCE130010.2015-11-0
Environ Health Perspect
No full textBackground:Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are flame-retardant chemicals that are added to many consumer products. Multiple animal studies have shown PBDEs to be thyroid hormone (TH) disruptors. Epidemiologic evidence of PBDE exposure associated with TH disruption has been inconclusive.Objectives:We used repeated measures to estimate associations between serum PBDE concentrations and THs in a North American adult cohort.Methods:From 2010 to 2011, we collected \ue2\u2030\ua4 3 serum samples at approximately 6-month intervals from 52 healthy adult office workers from Boston, Massachusetts, for analysis of PBDE congeners and THs.Results:The geometric mean sum concentrations of the most prevalent PBDE congeners (BDE-28, BDE-47, BDE-99, BDE-100, and BDE-153) were 22 ng/g lipid in winter 2010, 23 ng/g lipid in summer 2010, and 19 ng/g lipid in winter 2011. BDE-47 was the predominant congener. Based on a multivariable mixed regression model, we estimated that on average, a 1-ng/g serum increase in BDE-47 was associated with a 2.6-\uce\ubcg/dL decrease in total thyroxine (T4) (95% CI: \ue2\u20ac\u201c4.7, \ue2\u20ac\u201c0.35). Total T4 was inversely associated with each PBDE congener. Serum concentrations of PBDEs were not strongly associated with total triiodothyronine (T3), free T4, or thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).Conclusion:These results are consistent with those from animal studies showing that exposure to PBDEs is associated with a decrease in serum T4. Because the other TH concentrations did not appear to be associated with BDE exposures, our findings do not indicate effects on the pituitary\ue2\u20ac\u201cthyroid axis. Taken together, our findings suggest that PBDE exposure might decrease the binding of T4 to serum T4 binding proteins.Citation:Makey CM, McClean MD, Braverman LE, Pearce EN, He XM, Sj\uc3\ub6din A, Weinberg JM, Webster TF. 2016. Polybrominated diphenyl ether exposure and thyroid function tests in North American adults. Environ Health Perspect 124:420\ue2\u20ac\u201c425;\ue2\u20ac\u201ahttp://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1509755T32 ES014562/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States26372669PMC482997
Comparison of Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) Parallel Ocean Program (POP) model velocity fields with Pacific surface drifter measurements
No full textThis thesis is intended to be a reference for solid modeling and Computer Aided Design (CAD) tailored specifically for the Naval Postgraduate School's capstone helicopter design course, AA 4306. The goal is to present the use of AutoCAD R13 software as a central design tool throughout the conceptual design phase of the American Helicopter Society (AHS) Graduate Design Competition project. The specifics of AutoCAD that are essential to performing the design project are explored through examples of model construction and lessons learned from the 1997 VIPER design effort. The usage of solid modeling as a design tool for design team integration is investigated. It is intended for this work to allow future classes to acquire sufficient proficiency with Computer Aided Design and solid modeling. Maximizing the practical usage of CAD techniques in a single quarter will provide an improved learning experience in a more realistic design environmentApproved for public release; distribution is unlimited.Lieutenant, NOAA Corpshttp://archive.org/details/comparisonoflosa10945812
The structure and functions of the English magistrates' court : a study in historical sociology
No full textThis thesis starts with a critique of existing sociological
and criminological studies. The major argument here is that,
although interactionist studies are an improvement upon their
positivist counterparts, they suffer from the inherent weaknesses
contained in their astructural bias. Thus, although
observational studies have been able to describe the effects
of the process of interaction within the courtroom, they have
been unable to explain why magistrates' justice is characterised
by a relative lack of due process. In the main body of
the thesis, we offer a structural analysis of the functions of
magistrates' courts through an examination of the historical
development of the magistracy culminating in its transformation
in the middle of the nineteenth century. We show that
the magistracy was created in its modern form as a lower court
of summary justice specifically to act as an efficient method
of punishing petty offenders with a conscious disregard for
rights of due process. This did not simply reflect the
interests of the industrial bourgeoisie but rather it was a
product of the class struggle resulting from the particular
formation of British capitalism, in which the gentry retained
a powerful position. The central argument is that the
particular form of justice that is administered in the lower
courts of England and Wales reflects the compromise that was
reached between these two sections of the ruling class in the
period in which the modern magistracy was forged
The Acoustic Parameters of Stress in Relation to Syllable Position, Speech Loudness and Rate
No full text
J Occup Environ Med
No full textObjective:This study aimed to evaluate blood volatile organic compound (VOC) levels as biomarkers of occupational jet propulsion fuel 8 (JP-8) exposure while controlling for smoking.Methods:Among 69 Air Force personnel, post-shift blood samples were analyzed for components of JP-8, including ethylbenzene, toluene, o-xylene, and m/p-xylene, and for the smoking biomarker, 2,5-dimethylfuran. JP-8 exposure was characterized based on self-report and measured work shift levels of total hydrocarbons in personal air. Multivariate regression was used to evaluate the relationship between JP-8 exposure and post-shift blood VOCs while controlling for potential confounding from smoking.Results:Blood VOC concentrations were higher among US Air Force personnel who reported JP-8 exposure and work shift smoking. Breathing zone total hydrocarbons was a significant predictor of VOC blood levels, after controlling for smoking.Conclusions:These findings support the use of blood VOCs as a biomarker of occupational JP-8 exposure.CC999999/ImCDC/Intramural CDC HHSUnited States
Comparison of effects of different methods of culling red deer (Cervus elaphus) by shooting on behaviour and post mortem measurements of blood chemistry, muscle glycogen and carcase characteristics
No full textMethods for culling wild red deer (Cervus elaphus) were compared by observing behaviour and collecting post mortem samples from wild deer shot: (i) by a single stalker during daytime; (ii) by more than one stalker during daytime; (iii) by using a helicopter for the deployment of stalkers and carcase extraction; or (iv) by a single stalker at night, and compared with farmed red deer shot in a field or killed at a slaughterhouse. Culling by a single stalker during the day and shooting in a field were the most accurate in achieving placement of a shot in a target area, but when compared across all methods, there were no significant differences in the percentages of deer that were either wounded or appeared to have died immediately after the first shot Plasma cortisol concentrations in deer shot using helicopter assistance were similar to those in deer at the slaughterhouse, but higher than deer shot at night or during the day by a single stalker, or in a field. Deer shot using helicopter assistance and also deer culled by a collaborative and single stalking during the day had lower muscle glycogen concentrations than those culled by a single stalker at night There was no evidence that a particular culling method was associated with an increased risk of accidental or pre-culling injury. If a helicopter is used to assist culling, the deer are more likely to be disturbed before they are shot and therefore, measures should be taken to minimise the disturbance to the deer
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