165 research outputs found
Maternalism in a Paternalist State: The National Organization for the Protection of Motherhood and Infancy in Fascist Italy
No full textThe essay explores government-backed attempts to improve maternal-infant health under Fascism in Italy. It argues that women's attempts to turn the fascist politization of motherhood to their own advantage can be viewed as a form of maternalism - one in which mothers expressed their needs through unorganized resistance and by wielding indirect influence on state welfare policies. The author arguees that the government's emphasis on pronatalism created opportunities for some women: it facilitated the emergence of female networks and led to the professionalization of occupations as nursing and social work, while also granting both working and non-working mothers a greater sense of entitlement to assistance. Nevertheless, Fascism's provisions on maternity and infancy helped pave the way for a more modern social welfare system and laid the groundwork for "postwar opportunities and scenarios for a new kind of female citizenship"
Fragmenta comica: (FrC) ; Kommentierung der Fragmente der griechischen Komödie: Archippos: Einleitung, Übersetzung, Kommentar
No full textA note on a resonance problem
No full textSynopsisIn this paper, we prove the existence of at least one solution to the problemwhere ∆k is an eigenvalue of the linear part, h is orthogonal to the eigenspace corresponding to ∆R and g is a nonlinear perturbation which can be, for instance, a continuous periodic real function with mean value zero. We employ the techniques used by the second author in a previous paper in which the same result was obtained in the case in which ∆R is assumed to be simple. The final result is obtained by using variational methods and in particular a suitable version of the saddle point theorem of P. Rabinowitz.</jats:p
Gandhi and Peace in the Museums of the World
No full textThe article is about Gandhi’s musealization as a pacifist leader in the world. Particular emphasis has always been placed on the figure of Gandhi as a symbol of peace, a concept that encompasses many aspects of his vision. Gandhi’s pacifism is not only a rejection of war, passive nonviolence, but it is an active force, which, in order to be realized through satya (Truth) and ahiṃsā (nonviolence), acts on two levels, spiritual and political. This includes a transformative dialogue between individuals and nations, the renunciation by the great powers of imperialist designs, nuclear disarmament, the ideal of the sarvodaya (universal uplift), and practicing voluntary poverty. To understand whether these aspects are evaluated, the author analyzes significant museums for peace in India and outside India, taking into account the particular historical and cultural contexts to which they belong. These institutions give audiences access to witnessing aspects of the universality of the Gandhian message, reflecting a communion between East and West. While recognizing that in museum’s choices we sometimes witness the exploitation and trivialization of the Mahatma, for the purpose of commercialization, they have the capacity to restore, if not the entirety and complexity of the historical figure and his message, at least a part of it and an invitation to deepen and explore its meaning
Archaeological Survey along the Khadeji and Mol Rivers (Lower Sindh, Pakistan): Preliminary Results of the 2021 Season
No full textThe survey carried out along the terraces of the Khadeji and Mol Rivers in December 2021, has led to the
discovery of several chert artefact concentrations, which have been attributed to different prehistoric periods
and cultural complexes. This paper presents the results of the survey, the distribution of the lithic findspots, and
discusses their chrono-cultural attribution and significance. A few hundred metres south of the surveyed area, the
two rivers conjoin to give rise to the Malir, the most important watercourse of the region, which flows into the
Arabian Sea near Karachi ca. 40 km south-west. The area under discussion was surveyed by the late professor
A. R. Khan of Karachi University in the 1970s. This author was the first to discover late Upper Palaeolithic and
Mesolithic artefacts in Lower Sindh and to publish the
ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY ALONG THE KHADEJI AND MOL RIVERS (LOWER SINDH, PAKISTAN): PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF THE 2021 SEASON
No full textThe survey carried out along the terraces of the Khadeji and Mol Rivers in December 2021, has led to the discovery of several chert artefact concentrations, which have been attributed to different prehistoric periods and cultural complexes. This paper presents the results of the survey, the distribution of the lithic findspots, and discusses their chrono-cultural attribution and significance. A few hundred metres south of the surveyed area, the two rivers conjoin to give rise to the Malir, the most important watercourse of the region, which flows into the Arabian Sea near Karachi ca. 40 km south-west. The area under discussion was surveyed by the late professor A. R. Khan of Karachi University in the 1970s. This author was the first to discover late Upper Palaeolithic and Mesolithic artefacts in Lower Sindh and to publish them. The 2021 fieldwork season has confirmed the presence of assemblages belonging to these two periods, as well as others, which are most probably to be attributed to the Neolithic and Chalcolithic periods
Corrigendum: Metabolic Reprogramming Promotes Myogenesis During Aging (Front. Physiol., (2019), 10, (897), 10.3389/fphys.2019.00897)
Get PDFIn the original article, we neglected to include the funder Ricerca Finalizzata Grant (RF-2010-231-8508) to Elisabetta Ferraro. In the published article, Stefania Gorini was not included as an author and she should have the affiliation Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy. Stefania Gorini was not included as an author in the published article. The corrected Author Contributions Statement appears below. RB and EF designed the experiments. RB, AB, LD, MR, SM, and SG performed the experiments and analyzed data. RB, AB, LD, MR, SM, and EF interpreted the data. AT,MC, and AMcontributed to the development of the study by the provision of study material and data interpretation. AM, MM, PC, ML, and EF wrote the manuscript and provided the financial support. EF conceived the study. All authors contributed to the manuscript revision, read, and approved the final version of the manuscript for submission. The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated
Erratum: Proposal for a definition for response to treatment, inactive disease and damage for JIA associated uveitis based on the validation of a uveitis related JIA outcome measures from the Multinational Interdisciplinary Working Group for Uveitis in Childhood (MIWGUC) (Pediatr Rheumatol Online J (2019) 17 (66) DOI: 10.1186/s12969-019-0345-2)
No full textFollowing publication of the original article [1], we have been notified that the author Joan Calzada should not have been included to the team of authors. The authors' team, thus, should be as follows: Ivan Foeldvari1*, Jens Klotsche2,3, Gabriele Simonini4, Clive Edelsten5, Sheila T. Angeles-Han6, Regitze Bangsgaard7, Joke de Boer8, Gabriele Brumm9, Rosa Bou Torrent10,21, Tamas Constantin11, Cinzia DeLibero12, Jesus Diaz23,24,Valeria Maria Gerloni13, Margarida Guedes14, Arnd Heiligenhaus15, Kaisu Kotaniemi16, Sanna Leinonen16, Kirsten Minden2,17, Vasco Miranda18, Elisabetta Miserocchi19, Susan Nielsen7, Martina Niewerth2, Irene Pontikaki13,Carmen Garcia de Vicuna10, Carla Zilhao14, Steven Yeh20, Jordi Anton10,21,2
Evaluating the Effect of Public Subsidies on firm R&D activity: an Application to Italy Using the Community Innovation Survey
Get PDFThe aim of the paper is twofold: to verify a full policy failure of public support on private R&D effort, when in presence of a potential plurality of public incentives; to compare the most recent econometric methods used for the analysis of the input additionality. Compared to previous studies our work wants to trace out an advance in two directions: adding more robustness by comparing results from various econometric techniques and providing an analysis of the R&D policy effect behind the average results. A by-product of the paper is a taxonomy of the econometric methods used in the literature, according to the structure of the models, the type of dataset and the available policy information. We exploit the third wave of the Community Innovation Survey for Italy (1998-2000) with a sample size of 1,221 supported and 1,319 non-supported firms. Given the used type of data, the article presents two main limits: first, we do not know the level of the subsidy, so that we can control only for the presence of a total crowding-out; second, we can check only the short-run effect of the supporting policy, while an increase in the private R&D effort could be more likely in the medium term. Our results suggest that: 1. the main factors influencing the probability to participate to the incentive policy are R&D experience, human skills, liquidity constraints, but also foreign capital ownership; 2. on average, the total substitution of private funding by the public one is excluded for Italy as a whole, although some cases of total crowding-out are found: low knowledge intensive services, very small firms (10-19 employees) and the auto-vehicle industry. We get, on average, 885 additional thousand Euros of R&D expenditure per firm with a ratio equal to 4.62: it means that if a generic control unit does 1 thousand Euros of R&D expenditure a matched treated does 4.62 thousand Euros. The additionality for the R&D intensity is about 0.014 with a ratio of about 2.67.Business R&D; Public Incentives; Econometric Evaluation
Profiling Hate Speech Spreaders on Twitter
No full textTask
Hate speech (HS) is commonly defined as any communication that disparages a person or a group on the basis of some characteristic such as race, colour, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, nationality, religion, or other characteristics. Given the huge amount of user-generated contents on Twitter, the problem of detecting, and therefore possibly contrasting the HS diffusion, is becoming fundamental, for instance for fighting against misogyny and xenophobia. To this end, in this task, we aim at identifying possible hate speech spreaders on Twitter as a first step towards preventing hate speech from being propagated among online users.
After having addressed several aspects of author profiling in social media from 2013 to 2020 (fake news spreaders, bot detection, age and gender, also together with personality, gender and language variety, and gender from a multimodality perspective), this year we aim at investigating if it is possible to discriminate authors that have shared some hate speech in the past from those that, to the best of our knowledge, have never done it.
As in previous years, we propose the task from a multilingual perspective:
English
Spanish
NOTE: Although we recommend participating in both languages (English and Spanish), it is possible to address the problem just for one language.
Award
We are happy to announce that the best performing team at the 9th International Competition on Author Profiling will be awarded 300,- Euro sponsored by Symanto
Data
Input
The uncompressed dataset consists of a folder per language (en, es). Each folder contains:
An XML file per author (Twitter user) with 100 tweets. The name of the XML file corresponding to the unique author id.
A truth.txt file with the list of authors and the ground truth.
The format of the XML files is:
Tweet 1 textual contents
Tweet 2 textual contents
...
The format of the truth.txt file is as follows. The first column corresponds to the author id. The second column contains the truth label.
b2d5748083d6fdffec6c2d68d4d4442d:::0
2bed15d46872169dc7deaf8d2b43a56:::0
8234ac5cca1aed3f9029277b2cb851b:::1
5ccd228e21485568016b4ee82deb0d28:::0
60d068f9cafb656431e62a6542de2dc0:::1
...
Output
Your software must take as input the absolute path to an unpacked dataset, and has to output for each document of the dataset a corresponding XML file that looks like this:
<author id="author-id"
lang="en|es"
type="0|1"
/>
The naming of the output files is up to you. However, we recommend using the author-id as filename and "XML" as an extension.
IMPORTANT! Languages should not be mixed. A folder should be created for each language and place inside only the files with the prediction for this language.
Evaluation
The performance of your system will be ranked by accuracy. For each language, we will calculate individual accuracies in discriminating between the two classes. Finally, we will average the accuracy values per language to obtain the final ranking.
Related Work
[1] Valerio Basile, Cristina Bosco, Elisabetta Fersini, Dora Nozza, Viviana Patti, Francisco Rangel, Paolo Rosso, Manuela Sanguinetti (2019). SemEval-2019 task 5: Multilingual detection of hate speech against immigrants and women in Twitter. Proc. SemEval 2019
[2] Fabio Poletto, Valerio Basile, Manuela Sanguinetti, Cristina Bosco, Viviana Patti (2020). Resources and benchmark corpora for hate speech detection: a systematic review. Language Resources & Evaluation. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10579-020-09502-8
[3] Paula Fortuna, Sérgio Nunes (2018). A survey on automatic detection of hate speech in text. ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR) 51.4
[4] Maria Anzovino, Elisabetta Fersini, Paolo Rosso (2018). Automatic Identification and Classification of Misogynistic Language on Twitter. In: Proc. 23rd Int. Conf. on Applications of Natural Language to Information Systems, NLDB-2018, Springer-Verlag, LNCS(10859), pp. 57-64
[5] Elisabetta Fersini, Paolo Rosso, Maria Anzovino (2018). Overview of the task on automatic misogyny identification at IberEval 2018. Proc. IberEval 2018
[6] Elisabetta Fersini, Dora Nozza, Paolo Rosso (2018). Overview of the Evalita 2018 task on automatic misogyny identification (AMI). Proc. EVALITA 2018
[7] Cristina Bosco, Felice Dell'Orletta, Fabio Poletto, Manuela Sanguinetti, Maurizio Tesconi (2018). Overview of the EVALITA 2018 hate speech detection task. Proc. EVALITA 2018
[8] Samuel Caetano da Silva, Thiago Castro Ferreira, Ricelli Moreira Silva Ramos, Ivandre Paraboni (2020). Data-driven and psycholinguistics motivated approaches to hate speech detection. Computación y Sistemas, 24(3): 1179–1188
[9] Stiven Zimmerman, Udo Kruschwitz, Cris Fox (2018). Improving hate speech detection with deep learning ensembles. In Proc. of the Eleventh Int. Conf. on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC 2018)
[10] Francisco Rangel, Anastasia Giachanou, Bilal Ghanem, Paolo Rosso. Overview of the 8th Author Profiling Task at PAN 2020: Profiling Fake News Spreaders on Twitter. In: L. Cappellato, C. Eickhoff, N. Ferro, and A. Névéol (eds.) CLEF 2020 Labs and Workshops, Notebook Papers. CEUR Workshop Proceedings.CEUR-WS.org, vol. 2696
[11] Francisco Rangel and Paolo Rosso. Overview of the 7th Author Profiling Task at PAN 2019: Bots and Gender Profiling in Twitter. In: L. Cappellato, N. Ferro, D. E. Losada and H. Müller (eds.) CLEF 2019 Labs and Workshops, Notebook Papers. CEUR Workshop Proceedings.CEUR-WS.org, vol. 2380
[12] Francisco Rangel, Paolo Rosso, Martin Potthast, Benno Stein. Overview of the 6th author profiling task at pan 2018: multimodal gender identification in Twitter. In: CLEF 2018 Labs and Workshops, Notebook Papers. CEUR Workshop Proceedings. CEUR-WS.org, vol. 2125.
[13] Francisco Rangel, Paolo Rosso, Martin Potthast, Benno Stein. Overview of the 5th Author Profiling Task at PAN 2017: Gender and Language Variety Identification in Twitter. In: Cappellato L., Ferro N., Goeuriot L, Mandl T. (Eds.) CLEF 2017 Labs and Workshops, Notebook Papers. CEUR Workshop Proceedings. CEUR-WS.org, vol. 1866.
[14] Francisco Rangel, Paolo Rosso, Ben Verhoeven, Walter Daelemans, Martin Pottast, Benno Stein. Overview of the 4th Author Profiling Task at PAN 2016: Cross-Genre Evaluations. In: Balog K., Capellato L., Ferro N., Macdonald C. (Eds.) CLEF 2016 Labs and Workshops, Notebook Papers. CEUR Workshop Proceedings. CEUR-WS.org, vol. 1609, pp. 750-784
[15] Francisco Rangel, Fabio Celli, Paolo Rosso, Martin Pottast, Benno Stein, Walter Daelemans. Overview of the 3rd Author Profiling Task at PAN 2015.In: Linda Cappelato and Nicola Ferro and Gareth Jones and Eric San Juan (Eds.): CLEF 2015 Labs and Workshops, Notebook Papers, 8-11 September, Toulouse, France. CEUR Workshop Proceedings. ISSN 1613-0073, http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-1391/,2015.
[16] Francisco Rangel, Paolo Rosso, Irina Chugur, Martin Potthast, Martin Trenkmann, Benno Stein, Ben Verhoeven, Walter Daelemans. Overview of the 2nd Author Profiling Task at PAN 2014. In: Cappellato L., Ferro N., Halvey M., Kraaij W. (Eds.) CLEF 2014 Labs and Workshops, Notebook Papers. CEUR-WS.org, vol. 1180, pp. 898-827.
[17] Francisco Rangel, Paolo Rosso, Moshe Koppel, Efstatios Stamatatos, Giacomo Inches. Overview of the Author Profiling Task at PAN 2013. In: Forner P., Navigli R., Tufis D. (Eds.)Notebook Papers of CLEF 2013 LABs and Workshops. CEUR-WS.org, vol. 1179
[18] Francisco Rangel and Paolo Rosso On the Implications of the General Data Protection Regulation on the Organisation of Evaluation Tasks. In: Language and Law / Linguagem e Direito, Vol. 5(2), pp. 80-102
[19] Francisco Rangel, Marc Franco-Salvador, Paolo Rosso A Low Dimensionality Representation for Language Variety Identification. In: Postproc. 17th Int. Conf. on Comput. Linguistics and Intelligent Text Processing, CICLing-2016, Springer-Verlag, Revised Selected Papers, Part II, LNCS(9624), pp. 156-169 (arXiv:1705.10754
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