30 research outputs found
Submesoscale eddies detected by SWOT and moored observations in the northwestern Pacific
No full textData used in the paper entitled "Submesoscale eddies detected by SWOT and moored observations in the northwestern Pacific
On contributions of multiscale dynamic processes to the steric height in the northeastern South China Sea as revealed by moored observations
No full textData analyzed in the paper entitled "On contributions of multiscale dynamic processes to the steric height in the northeastern South China Sea as revealed by moored observations"
Participation of literary elite in the compilation of Buddhist monastery gazetteers in Ming-Qing China - using as an example the activities of Liu Mingfang in the Jiangnan region in 1740s-1750s
No full textThe research topic of this article is the relationship between secular literati and Buddhist monasteries in China, one of the forms of which was the recruitment of literati by the monasteries for the composition of monastery chronicles. This paper focuses on the activities on Liu Mingfang (Liu Nanlu), the author of "The Chronicle of Mt. Baohua," in the Jiangnan region in 1740-1750s. The importance of studying the circumstances of the compilation of this chronicle is justified by the fact that Mt. Baohua was the seat of the patriarchs of the Qianhua school, which claimed dominance within the Vinaya tradition of Chinese Buddhism in the late Ming (1368-1644) and Qing (1644-1912) dynasties. The article examines what place the composition of this Buddhist mountain chronicle had in the activities of Liu Mingfang, who was a member of the secular literati. This research relies on several chronicles compiled by Liu Mingfang, as well as the texts of his contemporary associates. The main conclusions of this research are as follows: Liu Mingfang primarily associated himself with poetry and the Daoist culture. Lacking a stable income, Liu Mingfang compiled local chronicles under commission. Accordingly, on the one hand, "The Chronicle of Mt. Baohua" is not supposed to reflect any personal Buddhist ideas of Liu Mingfang, but on the other hand, it is very probable that the text of this chronicle reflects the wishes of its commissioner – Wenhai Fuju, the abbot of Mt. Baohua
An experimental study of vertical greenery systems for window shading for energy saving in summer
No full textPast studies have demonstrated the remarkable energy-saving effect of vertical greenery systems. The vast majority of these works focus on opaque building walls. While external shadings on windows are more effective than these on walls. Inspired by the climbing plants (vines) raised outside windows by residents, the present study proposed the design of movable green window shading systems (MGWSS) that can shade beam solar radiation but allows soft daylighting. On the basis of simplified MGWSS models, experiments were conducted in summer to evaluate the shading performance with three plant species. First, the energy-saving effect and climatic data were measured for test rooms with west-facing windows. The results indicated that the presence of green shading reduced the impact of solar radiation on the cooling energy consumption with the correlation coefficients from 0.94 to 0.61. Then, the shading coefficient, which is a key parameter for energy saving, was measured by a new technique using photovoltaic panels. The correlation between the coverage rate and the surface-averaged shading coefficient was established. The results showed that when the coverage rate of the MGWSS with Dishcloth gourd was 80%, the shading coefficient was 0.28, and the cooling energy consumption and heat flux transferred through the window glass were reduced by 11.5% and 64.8%, respectively. The shading characteristic was investigated using the instantaneous data. It found that stronger ambient solar radiation resulted in better shading performance (lower shading coefficient). For a west-facing window, the best shading performance was found at oblique solar incidence angles.Accepted Author ManuscriptHistory, Form & Aesthetic
Development of American motorization and implications for China
No full textThis graduate project studies the development of American motorization and explores the implications for China. The fundamental objective of the study is to serve as a wake-up call and policy suggestions for Chinese government to mitigate the negative impacts of motorization. The study analyzes the motorization trends in China and negative impacts of motorization. The study emphasizes on four types of negative impacts of the current motorization in China: traffic safety, air pollution, energy consumption, and traffic congestion. How has American government coped with similar problems? What are their public policies and measures? What are the results? With all these questions, the author reviews the motorization of America in 20th century and studies the regulations and measures dealing with negative impacts of motorization. The study respectively examines auto air pollution and the Clean Air Act in America, energy consumption and CAFE regulations, road safety and FMVSS, traffic congestion and the traffic congestion mitigation. All the regulations and measures to deal with negative social impacts of American motorization discussed in this project follow the same process of American public policy. The author then narrows the scope of study to one specific problem: traffic congestion and discusses in depth the traffic congestion mitigation in the city of Santa Clarita as a case study. By learning the experience and lessons of American motorization, especially in the aspect of traffic congestion mitigation, the author applies the American policy analysis model to explore the traffic congestion mitigation measures in the City of Beijing, as a case study. A number of alternatives are given according to the several reasons that cause the traffic congestion in Beijing. They are increasing capacity, pricing strategy, public transportation, management of bicycles, staggered starting times of workday, upgrade of drivers' and pedestrians' behaviors. The conclusion is made that when the variety of alternatives is used as a combination, the outcome will be the most effective.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 67-71)California State University, Northridge. Department of Public Administration
Rural Households’ Livelihood Strategy Choice and Livelihood Diversity of Main Ethnic Minorities in Chongqing, China
No full textRural household livelihood research of ethnic minorities is urgent to the development of ethnic areas in China and achieve the world poverty reduction goal. To improve ethnic rural household livelihood, it is fundamental to figure out what are the types, characteristics as well as impact factors of their livelihood strategies. In the study, we explored the household livelihood strategy choices and livelihood diversity of the main ethnic minorities (Tujia and Miao) in Chongqing, as well as how livelihood capitals impact livelihood strategy through methods of clustering, livelihood diversity index and multiple logistic regression under the framework of sustainable livelihood approach. The results show that: (1) Full-time job, both full-time and part-time job, part-time agriculture, part-time job and subsidized livelihood strategy are livelihood strategies adopted by Tujia and Miao rural households in Chongqing, China. (2) The characteristics of the identified livelihood strategies are diversified and various in natural, financial, human and finance capital. (3) A number of livelihood capitals impact the way that household choose their livelihood strategies, but the livelihood capitals have no significant impact on the livelihood diversity. By detailed analysis of the characteristic of rural ethnic household livelihood strategy, especial livelihood diversity, the research enriched sustainable livelihood literature and provided useful information for policymakers and practitioners in designing effective programs for regional sustainable development and ecological protection
PTH & bone resorbing protein effects on chick bone
No full textPLEASE NOTE: This work is protected by copyright. Downloading is restricted to the BU community: please log in with a valid BU account to access and click Download. If you are the author of this work and would like to make it publicly available, please contact [email protected] (M.Sc.D.)--Boston University, Henry M. Goldman School of Graduate Dentistry, 1986 (Oral Biology)Bibliography : leaves 72-84.A protein, Bone Resorbing Protein (BRP),isolated from human cancer ascites fluid, which has the ability to influence the metabolism of bone, was examined and compared with human 1-34 amino terminal fragment of parathyroid hormone (PTH) on bone calcium mobilization, matrix resorption, and collagen synthesis. Interactions of PTH and BRP on these areas of bone metabolism were also examined. Embryonic chick calvaria were chosen as an assay system because it is not primarily a resorbing system and permits measurement of all three areas of bone metabolism under identical conditions.
Using this type of assay system we have shown that both PTH and BRP are capable of stimulating bone resorption. In addition, both of these agents induced significant stimulation of proline incorporation and conversion to hydroxyproline. In contrast to their similar action on calcium mobilization and proline incorporation, PTH but not BRP was effective in stimulating matrix resorption. We found that a dosage as low as 25 ug/ml of BRP has slight but significant stimulatory effects on bone calcium mobilization and inhibitory effects on matrix resorption. A level of 333 ug/ml of BRP gave a maximum response for bone calcium mobilization. These bone resorption response can be detected as early as 24 hours after exposure. We also found that BRP and PTH have co-operative activity on calcium mobilization and antagonistic effects on matrix resorption. Calcitonin, an inhibitor of calcium mobilization, had antagonistic effects on proline incorporation with PTH but co-operative effects with BRP. In the induction of bone resorption, our data show that 2 hours exposure to BRP has the same significant activity on bone resorption as 72 hours exposure. These effects may have significance in explaining the mechanisms involved in producing humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy
Using Characteristic Energy to Study Rural Ethnic Minorities’ Household Energy Consumption and Its Impact Factors in Chongqing, China
No full textIn the context of general household energy transition, identifying different household energy consumption patterns is of great significance for the formulation of refined energy conservation and emission reduction policies. For historical reasons, the households of ethnic minorities in China tend to face more severe energy poverty problems. In this study, we proposed the concept and research method of characteristic energy, a new method to depict household energy use pattern. Combined with the diversity analysis, the energy use pattern of Tujia and Miao rural households in Chongqing, China, were studied. Households in research area were clustered into four groups with different characteristic energy sources: firewood, electricity, coal and gasoline, representing four types of household energy use pattern. The main impact factors of rural household energy use pattern are electrical appliances and amount of pig raising, indicating that household production and lifestyle play a decisive role in household energy use patterns. In addition, the research depicts the energy consumption characteristics of rural households with different incomes, ethnic groups and in different regions. The study puts forward corresponding energy saving countermeasures for different energy use pattern, helps to identify the heterogeneity of rural household energy use and promote the formulation of refined regional energy conservation and emission reduction policies
Strain in GaAsSb quantum well studied by X-ray diffraction and Rutherford backscattering/channeling
No full textThe strain state of a GaAs(1-x)Sb(x)/GaAs single quantum well (SQW) was studied using high resolution X-ray diffraction (HR-XRD) and Rutherford backscattering/channeling (RBS/C). The results reveal that the GaAsSb quantum well has good crystalline quality and the Sb content x of the GaAsSb layer is 0.36. The 7.3 nm GaAs(0.64)Sb(0.36) layer is highly strained with a perpendicular elastic strain of 2.0% and a degree of relaxation of 0.23. Photoluminescence (PL) measurement at room temperature presents a peak at 0.995 eV (1.224 mu m) with a linewidth of 67 meV, revealing the optical properties of the GaAsSb SQW. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Physics, Condensed MatterSCI(E)EI1ARTICLE5504-5094
Author Correction: Submesoscale inverse energy cascade enhances Southern Ocean eddy heat transport
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