201,576 research outputs found
Meth in Allegan County -- Spreading to West Michigan?
No full textAccording to the Office of National Drug Policy, White House, about 1.3 million people used meth in the year 2002. Moreover, in 2001, 607,000 people used methamphetamine. The University of Arkansas reports that businesses in Benton County were losing an estimated $21 million annually because of meth, mainly due to absenteeism and lost productivity. Methamphetamine is a profoundly addictive drug that seriously affects health, families, businesses, social services, and the environment. Why is meth use on the increase
Chemical profile of the hexane-extracted samples: Mean concentration (%) of 3-methylbutanoic acid (isovaleric acid) (3-Meth-Iso), 3-methylpentanoic acid (3-methylvaleric acid) (3-Meth-3-M), (2E)-tridecen-1-al (2E), n-tetradecanal (n-Tetrad), (2E,6E)-farnesyl acetate (2E,6E), n-hexadecanoic acid (n-Hex), and (Z,Z)-9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z).
No full textChemical profile of the hexane-extracted samples: Mean concentration (%) of 3-methylbutanoic acid (isovaleric acid) (3-Meth-Iso), 3-methylpentanoic acid (3-methylvaleric acid) (3-Meth-3-M), (2E)-tridecen-1-al (2E), n-tetradecanal (n-Tetrad), (2E,6E)-farnesyl acetate (2E,6E), n-hexadecanoic acid (n-Hex), and (Z,Z)-9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z).</p
Parental Substance Abuse and Foster Care: Evidence from Two Methamphetamine Supply Shocks
No full textFoster care caseloads have almost doubled over the last two decades, but the cause of the growth is poorly understood. We study the role of parental methamphetamine (meth) use, which social workers have linked to recent growth in foster care admissions. To mitigate the impact of omitted variable bias, we take advantage of two significant, exogenous supply-side interventions in meth markets in 1995 and 1997, and find robust evidence that meth use has caused growth in foster care caseloads. Further, we identify the mechanisms by which increased meth use caused an increase in foster care caseloads. First, we find that treatment for meth abuse caused foster caseloads to fall in situations where a child was removed because of parental incarceration, suggesting that substance abuse treatment is a substitute for foster care services and more generally an effective demand-side intervention. Secondly, we find that parental meth use causes an increase in both child abuse and child neglect foster care cases. These results suggest that child welfare policies should be designed specifically for the children of meth-using parents.child welfare, illegal drugs, crime
Flogging a dead horse: Attempts by van der Berg et al to measure changes in poverty and inequality
No full textThis paper seeks an explanation for the large differences in the extent and severity of poverty published respectively in van der Berg et al (2005: 2007a) and Meth (2006b). Headcounts in 2004 suggested by van der Berg et al (2007a) exceed by five million, those reported by (Meth, 2006b). Household survey respondents often under-report income (and expenditure). To address this, it is common (if not necessarily wise) to scale household survey income means until the grossed-up survey income totals are approximately the same as those yielded by the national accounts. The apparent reason for the differences between our respective poverty estimates lies in the poor quality of the income estimates in the surveys used by van der Berg et al as primary data source for estimating income distributions (by race). Scaling these survey estimates to make them consistent with the national accounts, it is argued, causes them to under-estimate the extent and severity of the poverty problem. As part of their analysis of changes in the welfare of Africans in South Africa since the advent of democracy (and in support of their claim that poverty has fallen), van der Berg et al attempt to measure changes in the racial shares of remuneration. The present paper ends with a brief examination of some of the problems of doing so using Statistics South Africa household surveys (the Labour Force Surveys) as primary data source. Welcomed by government because of the apparent progress they report in the fight against poverty, the possible consequences for anti-poverty policy (and for the poor) of the van der Berg et al figures being wrong are non-trivial.
Retraction of "Van Ginkel, J. R., & Kroonenberg, P. M. (2020). Much ado about nothing: Multiple imputation to balance unbalanced designs for two-way analysis of variance"
No full textRetraction of: Van Ginkel, J. R., & Kroonenberg, P. M. (2020). Much ado about nothing: Multiple imputation to balance unbalanced designs for two-way analysis of variance. Methodology, 16(4), 335-353. https://doi.org/10.5964/meth.4327notReviewedpublishedVersio
Meth Use in Indiana
No full textMethamphetamine, a derivative of amphetamine, is a synthetic stimulant that affects the central nervous system. It is commonly known as meth, speed, and chalk; in its smoked form, it is often referred to as ice, crystal, crank, and glass. Due to its high potential for abuse, meth is classified as a Schedule II drug and is legally available only by prescription. Abuse of the drug is a serious problem in the United States, often resulting in devastating medical, psychological, social, and legal consequences. According to estimates from the 2008 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), 12.6 million Americans (or 5.0 percent) ages 12 and older have tried meth at least once in their life
D-meth accelerates replicative senescence.
No full text<p>(A-D) Effects of D-meth (1 mM, closed bars) or vehicle (open bars) on (A) senescence-associated -galactosidase (-Gal) staining, (B) cell morphology, (C) ceramide levels, and (D) expression of CerS5 mRNA in primary MEF cultures. (E-F) Effects of D-meth on replicative capacity assessed by (E) [<sup>3</sup>H]-thymidine incorporation into DNA and (F) number of cumulative population doublings (vehicle: open squares, D-meth: closed squares). (g-j) Effects of D-meth (M, 1 mM), L-cycloserine (L-CS, 30 μM) and combination of D-meth plus L-CS on transcription of senescence-associated markers: (G) p53, (H) p21, (I) IL-6 and (J) TNF-α. (K, L) Effects of L-CS (30 μM), fumonisin B<sub>1</sub> (FB1, 50 μM) and cell-permeant C8 ceramide (10 μM) on -Gal expression elicited by D-meth (M, 1 mM). ANOVA followed by Bonferroni <i>post hoc</i> test: *<i>P</i><0.05, **<i>P</i><0.01, ***<i>P</i><0.001, <i>vs</i>. vehicle; <sup><i></i></sup><i>P</i><0.001, <i>vs</i> vehicle at passage 1. <sup><i>##</i></sup><i>P</i><0.01, <i>vs</i> D-meth.</p
Meth Use in Indiana
No full textMethamphetamine, a derivative of amphetamine, is a synthetic stimulant that affects the central nervous system. It is commonly known as meth, speed, and chalk; in its smoked form, it is often referred to as ice, crystal, crank, and glass. Due to its high potential for abuse, meth is classified as a Schedule II drug and is legally available only by prescription. Abuse of the drug is a serious problem in the United States, often resulting in devastating medical, psychological, social, and legal consequences. According to estimates from the 2008 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), 12.6 million Americans (or 5.0 percent) ages 12 and older have tried meth at least once in their life
AUTOPHAGY-BASED EFFECTS OF CURCUMIN IN METH-INDUCED TOXICITY
No full textIn recent years, the beneficial effects of curcumin (CUR) have been widely demonstrated in experimental and clinical studies.
This natural polyphenol protects against toxic agents acting on the human body, including the nervous system. In particular, CUR has been investigated for its multiple biological effects mostly focusing on autophagy activation, which is considered particularly relevant to counteract various toxicants and disease conditions.
In detail, the present study, we specifically challenged the protective efficacy of CUR on METH-induced toxicity based on
the molecular events triggered by METH, which consist in profound alterations in the autophagy machinery. These effects were
investigated in a catecholamine-containing cell line, namely the rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cell line. This latter was chosen as unbiased, low variable in vitro model to test the pro-autophagic activity of CUR. In such a system, a strong protection was exerted by CUR against METH toxicity. This was associated with increased autophagy flux, merging of autophagy and lysosomal proteins and re-allocation of LC3 inside the autophagy vacuoles, which instead is dispersed by METH. This is expected to enable the autophagy machinery. Under the effects of CUR, LC3 increases within autophagy vacuoles to commit them to cell clearance and promotes the autophagy flux. This is in line with the evidence that in METH-treated PC12 cells α-synuclein accumulates within the cytosol, whereas CUR promotes the clearance of this autophagy substrate. The present data provide evidence that CUR induces neuroprotection against METH toxicity by promoting the autophagy pathway
Modafinil treatment modulates METH-induced hyperthermia.
No full text<p>Mice body temperatures were recorded 1 h before the first MOD injection and at different intervals thereafter. Black filled arrows indicate the time of METH injection while grey filled arrows indicate the time of MOD injection. Data is presented as mean core temperature (°C) at the indicated times ± SEM from animals treated with VEH (white circle), MOD (grey circle, dotted line), METH (Black inverted triangle), or M+M (dark grey inverted triangle, dotted line). Repeated measures two-way ANOVA followed by Fisher’s LSD, *p<0.05 vs. VEH.</p
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