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Nyctobadistes Merrin, 2011, gen. nov.
No full textNyctobadistes gen. nov. Type species. Nyctobadistes hamatus sp. nov., here designated. Diagnosis. Cephalic frons wide, rectangular; cephalic anterior flanges absent. Pereonites 1–4 anterior margins with spines, apical seta absent; pereonites 5–7 without lateral extensions, natasome reduced. Pleon longer than wide, with dorsal spines, anterolateral spines absent. Antennae positioned closely together; antenna 1 article 1 lateral flange present; antenna 2 article 1 with no anterolateral spine. Mandible incisor massive, rounded; lacinia mobilis present, reduced; spine row present; mandibular palp present, short, not extending past incisor; mandibular fossa angular, across mandible. Pereopod 2 ambulatory, not enlarged; pereopods 5–7 carpi and propodi narrow, elongate, not expanded and oar-like; superior margin of ischia, superior and inferior margins of carpi and propodi with row of plumose setae, plumose setae sparsely plumose. Operculum large, with medial keel. Pleopod 4 exopod with more than 1 plumose seta. Species included. Nyctobadistes hamatus sp. nov. Remarks. Nyctobadistes gen. nov. is the eighth genus to be described from the subfamily Ilyarachninae which also includes: Aspidarachna Sars, 1897; Bathybadistes Hessler and Thistle, 1975; Echinozone Sars, 1897; Epikopais Merrin, 2009; Ilyarachna Sars, 1870; Notopais Hodgson, 1910; and Pseudarachna Sars, 1897. Along with Epikopais and Notopais, it is the third genus to be known exclusively from the southern hemisphere. Nyctobadistes can be identified by the combination of: the reduced natasome; pereonites 5–7 without lateral extensions; dorsal body spines without apical setae; antenna 1 article 1 with lateral flange; the presence of a mandibular palp; pereopods 5–7 carpi and propodi elongate, not expanded and their marginal plumose setae are sparsely plumose. Within the Ilyarachninae, the presence or absence of a mandibular palp is an important and diagnostic character when identifying a particular genus. Thus, the presence of a mandibular palp can easily distinguish Nyctobadistes from those genera that do not have one, namely Epikopais, Notopais, Echinozone and Pseudarachna. Nyctobadistes is in some ways similar to Bathybadistes as both genera have a mandibular palp, numerous dorsal body spines and a natasome which is reduced from the streamlined one seen in Ilyarachna. Nyctobadistes, however, can be distinguished from Bathybadistes as it lacks lateral extensions on the natasomal pereonites, does not have apical setae on the dorsal body spines and the anterolateral margin of the pleon lacks the spine and apical seta which is present in Bathybadistes. The other genera in the Ilyarachninae typically have expanded paddle-like carpi and propodi in pereopod 5, these segments expanded to a lesser extent in pereopod 6 and can also be expanded in pereopod 7, for example, in Epikopais. The margins of these segments are generally outlined with heavily plumose setae. In Nyctobadistes, although pereopod 5 is not known for this genus, the propodus and carpus of pereopod 6 are not expanded and their marginal plumose setae are sparsely plumose. This is also the case for the corresponding setae on pereopod 7. This reduction in plumosity is unique within the subfamily. At present, Nyctobadistes is only known from the type species, Nyctobadistes hamatus sp. nov. which is located off the Freycinet Peninsula, Tasmania, Australia, between 720–800 metres. Etymology. Nyctobadistes means night walker and is derived from the Greek words nyktos (night) and badistes (walker), in reference to the dark, deep ocean in which they inhabit.Published as part of Merrin, Kelly L., 2011, Nyctobadistes gen. nov. (Isopoda: Asellota: Munnopsidae), a new genus from Tasmanian waters, Australia, with the description of a new species, pp. 59-65 in Zootaxa 3025 on page 60, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20209
The first record of the crustacean isopod genus Pseudarachna Sars, 1897 (Isopoda: Asellota: Munnopsidae) from the Southern Hemisphere, with description of a new species from New Zealand
No full textMerrin, Kelly L. (2006): The first record of the crustacean isopod genus Pseudarachna Sars, 1897 (Isopoda: Asellota: Munnopsidae) from the Southern Hemisphere, with description of a new species from New Zealand. Zootaxa 1370: 59-68, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17490
Notopais beddardi Merrin, 2004, n. sp.
No full textNotopais beddardi n. sp. (Fig. 3) Material examined.— Holotype. Female (4.0 mm), Station 149 H, off Cumberland Bay, Kerguelen Island, southern Indian Ocean, 48 º 45 ’S 69 º 14 ’E, 29 January 1874, 127 fathoms (232 m), volcanic mud, HMS Challenger (BMNH 2004.677). Description: Holotype. Body 2.4 times as long as greatest width (from spine to spine) of pereonite 2; widest at pereonite 4; cuticle not highly calcified, lightly setose. Cephalon lightly setose with 2 dorsal spines; posterior margins rounded, but almost square; ridge encompassing antennae with no extension. Pereonites 1–4 anterior margins each with 4 well developed spines; pereonite 5 anterior margin with evenly spaced stiff simple setae; pereonite 5 with anterolateral margin rounded; pereonites 1–4 anterolateral margins with spines, 5–7 rounded and smooth; pereonites 1–4 each with pair of lateral, submarginal spines. Antenna 1 article 1 rectangular and elongate, 1.7 times as long as wide, dorsal surface concave and forms shallow depression, distal margin with 5 robust setae; article 2 elongate, 0.4 times as long as article 1, 2.4 times as long as wide, with 2 robust setae (distal). Antenna 2 articles 1–3 more or less triangular; article 1 spine on distolateral angle with 3 additional robust setae on ventral side; article 2 inferior margin 1.2 times as long as article 1, distolateral angle with spine and 4 terminal robust setae, distoinferior margin with 2 robust setae; article 3 inferior margin 1.3 times as long as article 1, with 5 long robust and 3 short robust setae on distosuperior rim of article, distoinferior margin with 1 robust seta; article 4 small, 0.6 times as long as article 1, with no ornamentation. Pereopod 2 basis 2.7 times as long as wide, inferior margin with 6 setae (all SS); ischium 2.1 times as long as wide, inferior margin with 7 setae (1 SS, 6 submarginal SS), lateral face with 3 setae (all SS), superior margin with 2 setae (both SS, in distal half); merus 1.7 times as long as wide, inferior margin with 4 setae (all SS), distosuperior margin with 4 setae (all SS); carpus 6.0 times as long as wide, inferior margin with 13 setae (all RS, evenly spaced), superior margin with 4 setae (all SS, in distal half); propodus 8.2 times as long as wide, inferior margin with 6 setae (all SS), superior margin with 3 setae (all SS, distal half); dactylus 9.7 times as long as proximal width. Pleon 0.6 times as long as proximal width, lateral sides rounded and posterior end coming to a rounded point, with scattered simple setae. Operculum 1.9 times as long as proximal width, medial keel with evenly spaced downward facing robust setae, lateral margins and distal surface with few setae (unable to determine actual types). Remarks: Notopais beddardi n. sp. can be identified by the combination of having only two dorsal spines on the cephalon; anterior facing marginal spines on only the first four pereonites, with robust setae on the corresponding margin of the fifth; the unique setal combinations of the first two articles in antenna 1 and the first three articles in antenna 2; the rounded anterior margin of pereonite 5; and the anterolateral margins of pereonites 5 and 6 rounded and smooth, and not coming to a point. The spines on the anterior margin of article 4 on N. beddardi are set on the absolute anterior margin, similar to that seen in N. spicata (although they are not as pronounced or as acutely angled) instead of almost being dorsal as is in N. quadrispinosa. N. beddardi does not have anterior spines on the fifth pereonite as in N. quadrispinosa, instead it has a row of short stout setae. The shape of pereonites 5–7 also differs between the two species. In N. beddardi these pereonites are broader than those in N. quadrispinosa. Pereonite 5 in N. beddardi has a rounded anterolateral margin, and the corresponding margins of pereonites 6 and 7 are not as acute as those in N. quadrispinosa. The spination of both antennae are also different between the two species. The first article of antenna 1 in N. beddardi has long robust setae around the distal margin, while N. quadrispinosa has robust setae along the superior margin. The number of robust setae on the spines of the first two antennal articles of antenna 2 also differ, with N. beddardi having many more robust setae on the distosuperior margins than in N. quadrispinosa which has a single robust seta terminating each spine. The position of robust setae on the distal margin of the article 3 of antenna 2 also differs between the two species, with those of N. beddardi being on the superior margin, while on N. quadrispinosa they are on the inferior margin. Distribution: Known only from type locality, off Kerguelen Island, southern Indian Ocean. Etymology: For Frank E. Beddard, the distinguished biologist, who described the many isopods which were collected during the Challenger expedition of 1873–1876.Published as part of Merrin, Kelly L., 2004, Review of the deepwater asellote genus Notopais Hodgson, 1910 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Munnopsididae) with description of three new species from the southwestern Pacific, pp. 1-27 in Zootaxa 513 on pages 10-13, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15778
Nomenclatural changes in two families of asellote isopods (Acanthaspidiidae and Ischnomesidae)
No full textMerrin, Kelly L., Poore, Gary C. B. (2015): Nomenclatural changes in two families of asellote isopods (Acanthaspidiidae and Ischnomesidae). Zootaxa 4013 (1): 139-142, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4013.1.1
Marriage record of Merrin, P. A. and Keller, A. L.
No full textMarriage license for P.A. Merrin and A.L. Keller. J.M. Forbis was the officiant
Pseudarachna nohinohi Merrin, 2006, n. sp.
No full textPseudarachna nohinohi n. sp. (Figs 1–3) Material examined — All Challenger Plateau, Tasman Sea, New Zealand. Holotype. Ovigerous female (1.7 mm), stn P929, 40° 42.8 ’S 167 °56.0’E, 18 April 1980, epibenthic sled, 1029 m, RV Tangaroa (NIWA 23787). Paratypes. 2 females (2 mm [dissected], 2 mm), 1 fragment, stn P941, 41° 15.2 ’S 167 °07.2’E, 23 April 1980, epibenthic sled, 1463 – 1457 m, RV Tangaroa (NIWA 23788); 2 females (1.7 mm [dissected], 2 mm [dissected]), stn P927, 40° 50.1 ’S 168 ° 14.8 ’E, 18 April 1980, epibenthic sled, 1009 – 1005 m, RV Tangaroa (NIWA 23789). Description Holotype Body about 2.1 times as long as greatest width of pereonite 2; widest at pereonite 2; cuticle not highly calcified, lightly setose. Cephalon covered with many long setae, spines absent; posterolateral margins rounded. Pereonites 1–4 each with pair of anterior submarginal short spines. Pereonite 5 anterior margin smooth, anterolaterally square; anterolateral margins of pereonites 2–4 with pair of small spines, 6–7 rounded. Pereonite 7 ventrally with no ornamentation. Pleon as long as proximal width, dorsal surface sculptured, with rounded medial keel, posterior tip rounded, with scattered simple setae. Paratypes Antenna 1 of 7 articles; article 1 lateral flange reaching beyond article 2, 1.6 times as long as wide, lateral margin with 2 penicillate setae (on lateral flange), distal margin with 1 penicillate seta and 1 elongate sensillate robust seta; article 2 rectangular, 0.4 times as long article 1 and 2.2 times as long as wide, with 4 distal penicillate setae; article 6 with 1 distal aesthetasc; terminal article with 2 simple setae and distal aesthetasc. Antenna 2 damaged; article 1 margins smooth; article 2 2.0 times as long as article 1, with 1 sensillate robust seta and 1 simple seta; article 3 2.8 times as long as article 1, with 2 sensillate robust setae and 1 simple seta; article 4 elongate, 3.3 times as long as article 1, with no ornamentation; article 5 19.5 times as long as article 1, mesial margin with 12 sensillate robust setae, surface with 3 simple setae, lateral margin with 5 simple setae and 11 sensillate robust setae. Mandible molar small, distally with 3 simple setae (on right molar, none on left). Maxilla 1 lateral and mesial margins with fine simple setae; lateral lobe 2.1 times as wide as mesial lobe, distal margin with few fine simple setae, 5 robust setae, 3 dentate robust setae and 4 pectinate robust setae; mesial lobe terminated with 5 simple setae and 2 long pectinate setae. Maxilla 2 lateral lobe margins with fine simple setae, distally with 4 long pectinate setae; middle lobe 1.1 times as wide as lateral lobe, distally with 4 long pectinate setae; mesial lobe 2.1 times as wide as lateral lobe, margins with fine simple setae, proximally, mesial margin with 3 elongate, lightly plumose setae, distally with 3 blunt simple setae, few fine simple setae, 1 toothed seta and 1 long pectinate seta. Maxilliped coxa rectangular, 1.1 times as long as wide and 0.5 times as long as basis (including endite); basis elongate, 2.4 times as long as wide (including endite); endite with 1 coupling hook (on right maxilliped, 2 on left), distally with 2 toothed setae, 5 fan setae and many fine simple setae; palp article 1 rectangular, 0.3 times as long as basal endite, cuticular scales present, with 1 simple seta each on distolateral and distomesial margin; article 2 3.7 times as long as and 1.3 as wide as article 1, 1.2 times as wide as basal endite, lateral margin with cuticular scales and 2 simple setae, mesial margin with 3 distally pappose setae and 1 simple seta; article 3 1.8 times as long as and 1.0 times as wide as article 1, lateral margin with 1 simple seta, mesial margin with 1 simple seta and 5 distally pappose setae; article 4 1.4 times as long as and 0.5 times as wide as article 1, distal margin with 3 simple setae (left maxilliped palp article 4 with 4 simple setae); article 5 with 4 terminal simple setae; left maxilliped palp article 5 0.8 times as long as and 0.5 times as wide as article 4, with 3 simple setae; epipod 2.2 times as long as wide, 1.4 times as long as basis, margins with many cuticular scales and 1 simple seta. Pereopod 1 basis 6.0 times as long as wide, inferior margin with 2 weakly plumose setae, 4 simple setae (3 long) and 1 distal sensillate robust seta, superior margin with 2 simple setae, 1 penicillate seta and 1 long sensillate robust seta; ischium 6.8 times as long as wide, inferior margin with 2 simple setae, superior margin with 2 simple setae and 2 sensillate robust setae; merus 2.2 times as long as wide, inferior margin with 3 simple setae, distosuperior margin with 1 small simple seta; carpus 10.0 times as long as wide, inferior margin with 2 small simple setae, in proximal half; propodus 15.0 times as long as wide, distoinferior margin with 5 simple setae, distosuperior margin with 2 simple setae; dactylus 4.9 times as long as proximal width, superior margin with 3 small simple setae. Pereopod 2 basis 4.1 times as long as wide, inferior margin with 9 simple setae, superior margin with 5 simple setae and 1 penicillate seta; ischium 1.2 times as long as wide, inferior margin with 2 sensillate robust setae and 1 simple seta, distally with 14 sensillate robust setae (8 on mesial side and 6 on lateral side), mesial surface with 4 simple setae (1 simple seta on lateral surface), superior margin with 2 simple setae and 1 sensillate robust seta; merus 1.4 times as long as wide, distoinferior margin with 4 sensillate robust setae, distosuperior margin with 2 simple setae; carpus 4.1 times as long as wide, inferior margin with 1 simple seta and 7 long sensillate robust setae, mesial surface with 1 penicillate seta and 3 simple setae, lateral surface with 10 sensillate robust setae, superior margin with 4 simple setae; propodus 3.8 times as long as wide, inferior margin with 4 sensillate robust setae, lateral surface with 3 sensillate robust setae, distosuperior margin with 1 sensillate robust seta and 1 simple seta; dactylus 5.2 times as long as proximal width, with 2 robust simple setae and 5 simple setae. Pereopod 5 basis 4.8 times as long as wide, inferior margin with 9 simple setae, lateral surface with 1 penicillate seta, superior margin with 2 penicillate setae and 3 simple setae; ischium 2.9 times as long as wide, inferior margin with 8 simple setae; merus as long as wide, inferior margin with 2 simple setae, distosuperior margin with 1 simple seta and 1 small plumose seta; carpus 1.3 times as long as wide, distosuperior corner with 2 simple setae; propodus 2.8 times as long as wide, lateral surface with 1 simple seta, distosuperior corner with 1 simple seta; dactylus 4.0 times as long as proximal width, distosuperior margin with 1 simple seta. Pereopod 6 basis 6.1 times as long as wide, inferior margin with 3 sparsely plumose setae and 3 simple setae, lateral surface with 1 sparsely plumose seta, 2 penicillate setae, mesial surface with 1 long simple seta, superior margin with 1 simple seta and 1 penicillate seta; ischium 3.3 times as long as wide, inferior margin with 5 simple setae, mesial surface with 2 simple setae; merus 1.5 times as long as wide, inferior margin with 5 simple setae, distosuperior margin with 2 simple setae; carpus 2.1 times as long as wide, lateral surface with 1 simple seta; propodus 3.5 times as long as wide, inferior margin also with 1 distal simple seta, superior margin with 1 distal simple seta and with 4 scale-like structures; dactylus 6.4 times as long as proximal width, distosuperior margin with 4 simple setae. Pereopod 7 basis 5.0 times as long as wide, inferior margin with 3 plumose setae and 2 simple setae, lateral surface with 2 simple setae, superior margin with 3 penicillate setae; ischium 3.9 times as long as wide, inferior margin with 4 simple setae, lateral surface with 1 simple seta; merus 1.8 times as long as wide, inferior margin with 4 simple setae, distosuperior margin with 1 simple seta; carpus 3.1 times as long as wide, mesial surface with 1 simple seta; propodus 11.0 times as long as wide, distoinferior corner with 1 simple seta, superior margin with 6 sub-marginal simple setae and scale-like structures in proximal half, plumose setae absent; dactylus 7.0 times as long as proximal width, distosuperior margin with 5 simple setae. Operculum 2.1 times as long as proximal width, median keel wide, somewhat flattened with long lightly plumose setae on both sides, surface with numerous lightly plumose setae, distally with pair of simple setae, 8 heavily plumose setae, medial excision and veined lamellar extension. Pleopod 3 exopod 1.4 times length of endopod, distally with 3 long plumose setae; endopod 1.7 times as long as wide, with 3 long plumose setae. Pleopod 4 exopod distally with 2 long plumose setae; endopod oval, 1.5 times as long as wide. Pleopod 5 1.9 times as long as wide. Uropod protopod 2.2 times as long as wide, oval, distal bulb with 1 simple seta, lateral margin with 4 plumose setae and 3 simple setae, distal margin with 2 plumose setae and surface with 3 simple setae; endopod 0.1 times as long as protopod, with at least 1 simple seta (3 sockets also present). Remarks Pseudarachna nohinohi n. sp. can be distinguished from the only other species in this genus, P. h i r s u t a, by the carpus and propodus of pereopod 2 being more setose in P. nohinohi than in P. hirsuta; the lateral flange of antenna 1 article 1 is round (square in P. hirsuta) and reaches beyond article 2 (does not reach beyond article 2); and the uropod is less elongate (2.1 times as long as wide versus 2.8 times as long as wide in P. h i r s u t a), is less setose on margins and has a distal bulb (absent). Etymology Nohinohi is a Māori word meaning little or small; noun in apposition.Published as part of Merrin, Kelly L., 2006, The first record of the crustacean isopod genus Pseudarachna Sars, 1897 (Isopoda: Asellota: Munnopsidae) from the Southern Hemisphere, with description of a new species from New Zealand, pp. 59-68 in Zootaxa 1370 on pages 61-67, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17490
FIGURE 3 in Nyctobadistes gen. nov. (Isopoda: Asellota: Munnopsidae), a new genus from Tasmanian waters, Australia, with the description of a new species
No full textFIGURE 3. Nyctobadistes hamatus sp. nov. A, male holotype, 3.2 mm (NMV J18840); B, F–H, female paratype, 5.0 mm (NMV J54111); C–E, male paratype, 3.0 mm (NMV J54111). A, left pereopod 7; B, operculum; C, pleopod 1; D, distal end of pleopod 1; E, left pleopod 2; F, left pleopod 3; G, left pleopod 4; H, left pleopod 5.Published as part of Merrin, Kelly L., 2011, Nyctobadistes gen. nov. (Isopoda: Asellota: Munnopsidae), a new genus from Tasmanian waters, Australia, with the description of a new species, pp. 59-65 in Zootaxa 3025 on page 63, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20209
Nyctobadistes hamatus Merrin, 2011, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Nyctobadistes hamatus</i> sp. nov. <p> (Figs 1 <b>–</b> 3)</p> <p> <b>Material examined. Holotype</b>, male (3.2 mm), off Freycinet Peninsula, Tasmania, Australia, station SLOPE 46, 42°0.20’S, 148°37.70’E, 27 July 1986, WHOI epibenthic sled, 720 m, RV <i>Franklin</i>, coarse shelly sand (NMV J18840). <b>Paratypes</b>, 1 female (5.0 mm), 1 male (3.0 mm), 2 fragments, type locality (NMV J54111). 1 male (3.6 mm), off Freycinet Peninsula, Tasmania, Australia, station SLOPE 45, 42°2.20’S, 148°38.7’E, 27 July 1986, WHOI epibenthic sled, 800 m, RV <i>Franklin,</i> coarse shelly sand (NMV J18839).</p> <p> <b>Description of male.</b> <i>Body</i> (Fig. 1 A, B) length about 2.4 times pereonite 2; cuticle smooth. <i>Cephalon</i> (Fig. 1 A–D) with 2 dorsal spines, anterolaterally with 4 pairs of smaller spines. <i>Pereonite 1</i> (Fig. 1 A, B, D) with 8 spines, 3 pairs dorsal and 1 pair anterolateral; pereonites 2–3 with 6 spines; pereonites 4–5 with 4 spines; pereonite 6 with 2 spines; pereonite 7 with 3 spines. Ventrally (Fig. 1 E, F) pereonite 6 with 4 spines, two hook-like; pereonite 7 with two spines. <i>Pleonite 1</i> (Fig. 1 A) with 1 pair of dorsal spines. <i>Pleon</i> (Fig. 1 A, B, E) length 1.5 times proximal width, posterior end square, with pair of tubercles.</p> <p> <i>Antenna 1</i> (Fig. 1 H) of 21 articles; article 1 length 1.4 times width, with 2 RS and 1 distal penicillate seta; article 2 length 1.7 times width, distomesial margin with 1 SS and 1 penicillate seta; article 4 mesial margin with 2 penicillate setae; from article 8 onwards, each article has 1 aesthetasc and many articles with additional SS.</p> <p> <i>Pereopod 6</i> (Fig. 2 G) basis length 4.6 times width, inferior margin with 18 SS, lateral surface with 1 SS, superior margin with 3 penicillate seta and 7 SS; ischium length 4.2 times width, inferior margin with 21 SS, superior margin with 5 SS; merus length 1.6 times width, inferior margin with 2 SS, distosuperior margin with 9 SS; carpus length 3.8 times width, inferior margin with 4 SS, lateral surface with 1 SS, superior margin with 1 sensillate RS; propodus length 7.5 times width, inferior margin with 2 SS, distosuperior margin with 3 SS and 1 penicillate seta; dactylus length 8.1 times proximal width, distosuperior margin with 2 SS.</p> <p> <i>Pereopod 7</i> (Fig. 3 A) basis length 5.8 times width, inferior margin with 11 SS and 1 RS, superior margin with 1 penicillate seta and 5 SS; ischium length 3.8 times width, inferior margin with 11 SS, lateral surface with 1 SS; merus length 1.5 times width, inferior margin with 7 SS, distosuperior margin with 2 SS; carpus length 4.4 times width, superior margin with 4 SS; propodus length 10.0 times width, distoinferior margin with 1 SS, superior margin with 5 SS (4 in clump at distal end, 1 very long); dactylus length approximately 7.3 times width, superior margin with 3 SS.</p> <p> <i>Pleopod 1</i> (Fig. 3 C, D) length 5.3 times proximal width, with 9 SS, 5 RS and distally with 13 SS. <i>Pleopod 2</i> (Fig. 3 E) protopod length 3.6 times width, lateral margin with 6 SS (proximal half) and row of 9 plumose setae, surface with 16 SS, distally with lamellar extension and few fine SS, mesial margin with 2 plumose setae; exopod length 0.1 times protopod, with fine SS; stylet short, length 0.6 times protopod, not hooking up into proximal part of protopod; sperm duct length 0.5 times stylet.</p> <p> <b>Description of female.</b> <i>Antenna 1</i> (Fig. 1 G) of 6 articles; article 1 length 2.1 times width, mesial margin with 1 SS, mesial square-like extension with 3 blunt RS and 1 penicillate seta, surface with 1 penicillate seta, lateral margin with 1 SS; article 2 length 0.4 times article 1 and 2.9 times width, with 2 SS and 1 penicillate seta; article 4 with 2 penicillate setae; terminal article with 2 SS and 1 distal aesthetasc. <i>Antenna 2</i> (Fig. 1 I) damaged; article 1 triangular, lateral margin with 1 RS; article 2 length 1.7 times article 1, with short spine; article 3 length 2.2 times article 1, scale with 5 SS, distomesial margin with 2 RS and 1 SS; article 4 length 1.5 times article 1, with 1 SS.</p> <p> <i>Mandible</i> (Fig. 2 A, B) lacinia mobilis reduced, smooth and rounded; spine row damaged on left mandible, right mandible spine row with 4 spines; molar large, distally with 1 SS (on left mandible, absent on right) and 4 biserrate setae; mandibular palp article 1 with 3 SS, article 3 with 3 terminal SS. <i>Maxilla 1</i> (Fig. 2 C) lateral and mesial margins with fine SS; lateral lobe width 2.1 times mesial lobe, distal margin with few fine SS, 3 RS, 7 pectinate RS and 2 pectinate dentate RS, mesial lobe distally with 5 SS and 2 long pectinate setae. <i>Maxilla 2</i> (Fig. 2 D) lateral lobe margins with fine SS, distally with 4 long pectinate setae; middle lobe width 1.4 times lateral lobe, distally with 4 long pectinate setae; mesial lobe width 3.4 times lateral lobe, margins and surface with fine SS proximally, mesial margin also with 17 long bi-serrate setae, distally with 5 blunt SS, 5 toothed setae and 1 pectinate setae (broken off). <i>Maxilliped</i> (Fig. 2 E, F) coxa rectangular, length 1.1 times width; basis length 2.9 times width, with 11 SS; endite with 5 coupling hooks, distally with 4 blunt SS, 3 sub-marginal SS, 6 fan setae and many fine SS; palp article 1 rectangular, distolateral margin with 4 SS, distomesial margin with 1 SS; article 2 length 2.8 times article 1, lateral margin with 6 SS, mesial margin with 8 distally pappose setae; article 3 length 1.4 times article 1, lateral margin with 1 SS, surface with 3 SS and 2 distally pappose setae, mesial margin with 16 distally pappose setae; article 4 length 0.7 times article 1, lateral margin with 2 SS, distal margin with 1 SS and 7 distally pappose setae; article 5 narrow, length 0.8 times article 1, with 4 SS and 2 distally pappose setae; epipod length 1.7 times width, margins with cuticular scales, surface with scattered SS.</p> <p> <i>Pereopod 1</i> (Fig. 1 J, K) basis length 3.8 times width, inferior margin with 9 sensillate RS and 1 SS, superior margin with 11 SS and 1 penicillate seta; ischium length 2.6 times width, inferior margin with 7 SS, lateral surface with 5 SS, superior margin with 2 RS; merus length equals width, inferior margin with 9 RS, distosuperior margin with 3 SS; carpus length 3.5 times width, inferior margin with 10 RS and 7 SS, superior margin with 1 SS; propodus length 5.7 times width, inferior margin with 7 SS, lateral surface with 2 SS, distosuperior margin with 2 SS; dactylus length 2.7 times proximal width, superior margin with 3 SS.</p> <p> <i>Operculum</i> (Fig. 3 B) length approximately 2.9 times proximal width, distally with medial excision and veined lamellar extension, medial keel with row of RS and SS, surface with scattered SS, margins anterolaterally with SS, laterally and distally with row of plumose setae. <i>Pleopod 3</i> (Fig. 3 F) exopod length 1.1 times length of endopod, distally with 7 long plumose setae and 1 distal SS; endopod length 2.0 times as long as wide, with 3 long plumose setae. <i>Pleopod 4</i> (Fig. 3 G) exopod distally with 3 long plumose setae; endopod length 1.7 times width. <i>Pleopod 5</i> (Fig. 3 H) length 2.2 times width.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> See remarks section for genus.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Off Freycinet Peninsula, Tasmania, Australia, between the depths of 720–800 metres.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> Hamatus is a Latin word meaning with hooks; here alluding to the hook like spines on the ventral side of pereonite 6.</p>Published as part of <i>Merrin, Kelly L., 2011, Nyctobadistes gen. nov. (Isopoda: Asellota: Munnopsidae), a new genus from Tasmanian waters, Australia, with the description of a new species, pp. 59-65 in Zootaxa 3025</i> on pages 60-65, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/202090">10.5281/zenodo.202090</a>
Notopais zealandica Merrin, 2004, n. sp.
No full textNotopais zealandica n. sp. (Figs 8–10) Material examined.— Holotype. Female (4.5 mm), Stn S 150, Chatham Rise, New Zealand, 45 º46.0’S 174 º 24.5 ’E, 26 October 1979, epibenthic sled, 1640 m, R.V. Tangaroa (NIWA 3303). Paratypes. 1 male (3.0 mm, part remaining only, pleon missing), 5 females (3.5 [dissected], 3.5, 4.0, 4.5 [dissected], 4.8 mm), Stn S 153, Chatham Rise, New Zealand, 45 º 21.1 ’S 173 º 35.8 ’E, 27 October 1979, epibenthic sled, 1386 m, R.V. Tangaroa (NIWA 3304). Additional material.— 2 fragments, Stn S 153, Chatham Rise, New Zealand, 45 º 21.1 ’S 173 º 35.8 ’E, 27 October 1979, epibenthic sled, 1386 m, R.V. Tangaroa (NIWA 3331). Description: Holotype. Body 2.1 times as long as width of pereonite 2 (from spine to spine), widest at pereonite 5; cuticle not highly calcified, smooth. Cephalon smooth; anterior margins with few small, simple setae; posterolateral margins broadly rounded; antennal ridge with poorly developed extensions near antennal bases. Pereonites 1–5 anterior margins with stiff simple setae; pereonite 5 with anterolateral margins rounded and bladelike overhang raised above pereonites anterior margin; anterolateral margins of pereonites 6 and 7 with small anteriorly facing lobes. Paratypes. Antenna 1 of 9 articles; article 1 rectangular, 1.6 times as long as wide, dorsal surface concave, inferior margin with 5 simple setae, mesial surface with 1 broom seta, distal margin with 5 robust setae, 2 flagellate robust setae and 1 broom seta; article 2 0.3 times as long as article 1, 1.8 times as long as wide (not including distal projection) with 2 robust setae, one on distal projection; remaining articles all rectangular; article 4 with 3 simple setae; article 6 with 1 distal aesthetasc; terminal article with 3 small simple setae. Antenna 2 articles 1–3 more or less triangular; article 2 1.1 times as long as article 1, with 1 robust flagellate seta on distosuperior margin and 1 simple seta; article 3 1.4 times as long as article 1, distal margin with 5 peripheral long robust and 1 flagellate robust seta; article 4 small, about half the size of article 3, 1.1 times as long as article 1, not ornamented. Left and right mandible identical in structure; mandible spine row absent; molar small, terminated by 2 uniserrate and 3 simple setae (left molar terminated with 4 uniserrate setae). Maxilla 1 lateral lobe 2.1 times as wide as mesial lobe, lateral and mesial margins with fine simple setae, distal margin with 6 robust, 3 robust dentate and 3 robust semiplumose setae; mesial lobe with fine simple setae on margins, terminated with 6 simple and 2 long pectinate setae. Maxilla 2 lateral lobe with scattered fine simple setae, distally with 4 long simple setae; middle lobe 1.2 times as wide as lateral lobe, distally with 3 long simple setae; mesial lobe 2.0 times as wide as lateral lobe, margins with fine simple setae, terminated with 7 simple setae, 4 toothed setae and 1 long pectinate seta. Maxilliped coxa rectangular, small, 0.8 times as long as wide, 0.2 times as long as basis (including endite); basis elongate 2.9 times as long as wide (including endite), with 2 simple setae, distal superior margin with 1 simple seta; endite with 4 coupling hooks, distally with 4 simple setae, 3 fan setae and many fine, simple setae; palp wide proximally distally narrow, article 1 wide, shortest, 2.0 times as long as basal endite, trapezoid, with 2 simple setae on anterolateral margin, anteromesial margin with 1 simple seta; article 2 3.1 times as long as and 1.4 times as wide as article 1, 2.0 times as wide as basal endite, with microtrichs on lateral margin, superior margin with 3 simple setae, lateral face with 1 simple seta, and inferior margin with 3 semifan setae and 1 simple seta; article 3 1.7 times as long as wide, and 0.9 times as wide as article 1, superior margin with 2 simple setae, inferior margin with 4 simple setae and 15 semifan setae; article 4 rectangular, 0.4 times as long as article 1, superior margin with 1 simple seta, distal margin with 1 simple seta and 3 semifan setae; article 5 rectangular, small, narrowest article, 0.8 times as long as, and 0.1 times as wide as article 1, with 5 terminal simple setae; epipod semioval, 2.1 times as long as wide, 1.2 times as long as basis, with numerous marginal microtrichs. Pereopod 1 basis 6.3 times as long as wide, inferior margin with microtrichs and 6 setae (5 SS, 1 distal RFS), lateral face with 2 setae (both SS, distal), superior margin with 3 setae (all SS); ischium 3.5 times as long as wide, inferior margin with 4 setae (all SS), lateral face with 3 setae (2 RFS, 1 SS), superior margin with 5 setae (2 distal SS, 2 short RS, 1 long RS at midpoint); merus 1.2 times as long as wide, inferior margin with 5 setae (all SS), distosuperior margin with 3 setae (all SS); carpus 4.6 times as long as wide, inferior margin with 4 setae (all long SS, 2 + 2 on proximal half), superior margin with 5 setae (all SS, 2 in distal corner); propodus length 5.3 times as long as wide, inferior margin with 6 setae (all SS), lateral face with 8 setae (all SS, scattered), superior margin with 2 setae (both SS, in proximal half); dactylus 2.3 times as long as proximal width, superior margin with 4 setae (all SS). Pereopod 5 basis 3.5 times as long as wide, inferior margin with 9 setae (3 RFS & 4 SS all in loose cluster, distal corner with 1 RFS and 1 SS); ischium 2.2 times as long as wide, inferior margin with 10 setae (9 SS, 1 submarginal SS); merus 1.2 times as long as wide, inferior margin with 7 setae (all SS); carpus 0.9 times as long as wide, lateral face with 2 setae (both SS), superior margin with 1 seta (RFS, distal corner); propodus slightly expanded, 2.6 times as long as wide, superior margin with 8 setae (7 submarginal SS, 1 BS on distal corner); dactylus 5.7 times as long as proximal width, with 4 setae (all SS, on distosuperior margin). Pereopod 6 basis thicker compared with basis in pereopod 5, 3.5 times as long as wide, inferior margin with 16 setae (10 SS, grouped in 2 + 7 +1, 1 submarginal distal RS, 5 RFS, grouped in 4 + 1 on distal margin); ischium similar as in pereopod 5, although 2.1 times as long as wide, inferior margin with 16 setae (11 evenly spaced, marginal SS, 5 submarginal SS); merus distosuperior margin cupshaped, with carpus inserted into it, 1.3 times as long as wide, inferior margin with 5 setae (all SS); carpus similar to carpus of pereopod 5, except proximal end of superior margin is slightly more expanded, 0.9 times as long as wide, lateral face with 4 setae (all SS); propodus similar although more elongate than in pereopod 5, 2.8 times as long as wide, superior margin with 10 setae (all submarginal, evenly spaced SS); dactylus similar to that of pereopod 5, although 6.7 times as long as proximal width; unguis absent. Pleon 0.5 times as long as proximal width and posterior tip rounded. Operculum large, 2.5 times as long as proximal width, distal end with medial slit and veined lamellar extension, proximal margin of median keel and keel itself provided with robust simple setae (proximal margin 7 + 8), distal surface with numerous scattered simple setae, anterior margins with 13 simple setae, 6 on right and 7 on left margin, lateral margins with numerous plumose setae. Pleopod 3 exopod distally narrow, 1.3 times as long as endopod, proximolateral margin with 6 simple setae set amongst continuous fine simple setae, distally with 4 long plumose setae; endopod 1.4 times as long as wide, with 6 long plumose setae. Pleopod 4 exopod slender, shorter than endopod, with its distal point at 0.7 times endopod length, superior margin smooth, with 1 apical long plumose seta; endopod subcircular, 1.1 times as long as wide. Pleopod 5 1.5 times as long as wide. Uropod protopod 2.6 times as long as wide, margins subparallel, distomesial angle produced, not extending past endopod, with 1 plumose and 1 simple seta, lateral margin with 8 plumose setae and 11 simple setae, mesial margin with 4 plumose setae, surface with 9 scattered simple setae; exopod small, 0.2 times as long as protopod and 0.6 times as long as endopod, with 3 simple setae; endopod 0.3 times as long as protopod with 1 simple seta. Remarks: Notopais zealandica n. sp. is unique in that all pereonites lack anterior spines on their margins and instead are provided with stiff simple setae, similar to that seen on pereonite 5 of N. beddardi. N. zealandica is also the only species in this genus without spines on the cephalon, and it has a distinct bladelike extension raised above the anterior margin of pereonite 5. Distribution: Chatham Rise, New Zealand. Etymology: N. zealandica is named after New Zealand, as this species occurs within its waters.Published as part of Merrin, Kelly L., 2004, Review of the deepwater asellote genus Notopais Hodgson, 1910 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Munnopsididae) with description of three new species from the southwestern Pacific, pp. 1-27 in Zootaxa 513 on pages 21-26, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15778
Examining the reciprocal associations between delinquency and parental monitoring in two adolescent samples: a within- and between-person latent variable analysis
No full textThis study assesses the extent to which parental monitoring is an action or reaction by examining the bidirectional relationship between delinquency and parental monitoring across adolescence. Using two samples, a normative and at-risk sample, the current study uses an innovative Autoregressive Latent Trajectory Model with Structured Residual (ALT-SR) to examine the within-person (time-invariant) and between-person (time-variant) associations between delinquency and parental monitoring over a long period of time. On average, delinquency and parental monitoring was highest at younger ages and decreased over time for both samples. Delinquency and parental monitoring were negatively associated at the between-person, trait-like level. Individuals who reported higher delinquency tended to report lower parental monitoring. Within-person cross-lagged results found support for parental monitoring as an action. Parental monitoring was associated with decreases in adolescent delinquency over time for both samples. Parental monitoring as a reaction differed by sample. For the normative sample, delinquency was associated with decreases in parental monitoring over time. When individuals reported higher levels of delinquency then their typical levels, they reported lower rates of parental monitoring at the next time point. However, the magnitude of this association was stronger during late adolescence. The at-risk sample did not suggest any evidence of parental monitoring as a reaction. Adolescent delinquency was not associated with parental monitoring during early/middle or late adolescence. Findings suggest the need for prevention and intervention efforts to target parenting ecologies. Programs that focus on improving parental monitoring efforts may find success in reducing delinquency in both normative and high-risk samples.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2019-05-01The student, Gabriel Merrin, accepted the attached license on 2017-04-11 at 12:29.The student, Gabriel Merrin, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2017-04-11 at 12:29.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2017-04-11 at 15:48.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #10700 on 2017-08-10 at 14:30:22Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-10T19:51:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3
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