1,720,986 research outputs found
Phytomanagement of trace element polluted fields with aromatic plants: supporting circular bio-economies
No full textTrace elements pollution of soils became a global concern because of their persistence in the environment which can lead to accumulation in food chains up to toxic levels. At the same time, there is a shortage of arable land for growing food, fodder and industrial crops, which highlights the need for remediation/use of polluted land. Restoration of degraded lands has been included as a vital component of UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). We summarize various sources of entry of important trace elements in the environment, available biological reclamation and management strategies and their limitations. Recent advances in phytomanagement approaches using aromatic crops to obtain economically valuable products such as essential oils and revalorize such polluted areas are reviewed. The worldwide application of this strategy in the last 10 years is illustrated through a choropleth map. Finally, the emerging concept of phytomanagement as a restorative and regenerative circular bio-economy is also discussed.Fil: Saran, Anabel. Gobierno de la Provincia de la Pampa. Ministerio Publico. Agencia de Investigación Científica.; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Confluencia; ArgentinaFil: Much, Diego Gabriel. Gobierno de la Provincia de la Pampa. Ministerio Publico. Agencia de Investigación Científica.; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Confluencia; ArgentinaFil: Vangronsveld, Jaco. Hasselt University; BélgicaFil: Merini, Luciano Jose. Gobierno de la Provincia de la Pampa. Ministerio Publico. Agencia de Investigación Científica.; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Confluencia; Argentin
First high-quality draft genome of Ochrobactrum haematophilum P6BS-III, a highly glyphosate-tolerant strain isolated from agricultural soil in Argentina
No full textWe report here on a high-quality draft genome sequence of Ochrobactrum haematophilum strain P6BS-III (DSM 106071), a Gram negative, non-sporulating bacterium isolated from a pastureland (Buenos Aires province, Argentina) which had been chronically exposed to the herbicide glyphosate. The genome of 5.25 Mb with a DNA G+C content of 56.63% size was estimated to contain 5,291 protein coding genes and 57 RNA genes. Genome analysis revealed the presence of the phn operon, which is involved in the phosphonate degradation pathway, and a class II 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSP) that confers tolerance to glyphosate. Genes related to plant growth promotion traits are also present, and include genes for phosphorus metabolism, calcium phosphate and phytate solubilization, siderophore production, organic acid biosynthesis and indole acetic acid (IAA) production.Fil: Massot, Francisco. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Nanobiotecnología. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Nanobiotecnología; Argentina. Hasselt University; BélgicaFil: Gkorezis, Panagiotis. Hasselt University; BélgicaFil: McAmmond, Breanne. Thompson Rivers University; CanadáFil: d´Haen, Jan. Hasselt University; BélgicaFil: Van Hamme, Jonathan. Thompson Rivers University; CanadáFil: Merini, Luciano Jose. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional La Pampa-San Luis. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Anguil; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Vangronsveld, Jaco. Hasselt University; BélgicaFil: Thijs, Sofie. Hasselt University; Bélgic
Phytostabilization of polluted military soil supported by bioaugmentation with PGP-trace element tolerant bacteria isolated from helianthus petiolaris
Full text linkLead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) are major environmental pollutants, and the accumulation of these elements in soils and plants is of great concern in agricultural production due to their toxic effects on crop growth. Also, these elements can enter into the food chain and severely affect human and animal health. Bioaugmentation with plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) can contribute to an environmentally friendly and effective remediation approach by improving plant survival and promoting element phytostabilization or extraction under such harsh conditions. We isolated and characterised Pb and Cd-tolerant root-associated bacteria from Helianthus petiolaris growing on a Pb/Cd polluted soil in order to compose inoculants that can promote plant growth and also ameliorate the phytostabilization or phytoextraction efficiency. One hundred and five trace element-tolerant rhizospheric and endophytic bacterial strains belonging to eight different genera were isolated from the aromatic plant species Helianthus petiolaris. Most of the strains showed multiple PGP-capabilities, ability to immobilise trace elements on their cell wall, and promotion of seed germination. Bacillus paramycoides ST9, Bacillus wiedmannii ST29, Bacillus proteolyticus ST89, Brevibacterium frigoritolerans ST30, Cellulosimicrobium cellulans ST54 and Methylobacterium sp. ST85 were selected to perform bioaugmentation assays in greenhouse microcosms. After 2 months, seedlings of sunflower (H. annuus) grown on polluted soil and inoculated with B. proteolyticus ST89 produced 40% more biomass compared to the non-inoculated control plants and accumulated 20 % less Pb and 40% less Cd in the aboveground plant parts. In contrast, B. paramycoides ST9 increased the bioaccumulation factor (BAF) of Pb three times and of Cd six times without inhibiting plant growth. Our results indicate that, depending on the strain, bioaugmentation with specific beneficial bacteria can improve plant growth and either reduce trace element mobility or enhance plant trace element uptake.Fil: Saran, Anabel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional La Pampa-San Luis. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Anguil; Argentina. Hasselt University; BélgicaFil: Imperato, Valeria. Hasselt University; BélgicaFil: Fernandez, Lucia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional La Pampa-San Luis. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Anguil; ArgentinaFil: Gkorezis, Panos. Hasselt University; BélgicaFil: d´Haen, Jan. Hasselt University; BélgicaFil: Merini, Luciano Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional La Pampa-San Luis. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Anguil; ArgentinaFil: Vangronsveld, Jaco. Hasselt University; Bélgica. Maria Curie Sklodowska University; PoloniaFil: Thijs, Sofie. Hasselt University; Bélgic
Quantification of Airborne Particulate Matter and Trace Element Deposition on Hedera helix and Senecio cineraria Leaves
Full text linkIn both developed and developing countries, atmospheric pollution with particulate matter (PM) remains an important issue. Despite the health effects of poor air quality, studies on air pollutionare often limited by the high costs of continuous monitoring and the need for extensive sampling.Furthermore, these particles are often enriched with potentially toxic trace elements and organic pollutants. This study evaluates both the composition of atmospheric dust accumulated during a certain timespan on Hedera helix and Senecio cineraria leaves and the potential for their use as bio-monitors. The test plants were positioned near automatic air quality monitoring stations at four different sites with respectively high, moderate and low traffic intensity. The gravimetric deposition of PM10 and PM2.5 on leaves was compared with data recorded by the monitoring stations and related to the weather conditions reported by Argentina’s National Meteorological Service. To determine the presence of trace elements enriching the PM deposited on leaves, two analytical techniques were applied: XRF (not destructive) and ICP (destructive). The results indicated that only in the unpaved street location (site 2) did PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations (90 μg m−3 and 9 μg m−3) in the air exceed more than five times WHO guidelines (15 μg m−3 and 5 μg m−3). However, several trace elements were found to be enriching PM deposited on leaves from all sites. Predominantly, increased concentrations of Cd, Cu, Ti, Mn, Zn and Fe were found, which were associated with construction, traffic and unpaved street sources. Furthermore, based on its capability to sequester above 2800 μg cm−2 of PM10, 2450 μg cm−2 of PM2.5 and trace elements, Senecio cineraria can be taken into consideration for adoption as a bio-monitor or even for PM mitigation.Fil: Saran, Anabel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Gobierno de la Provincia de la Pampa. Ministerio Publico. Agencia de Investigación Científica.; ArgentinaFil: Mendez, Mariano Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Agronomía; ArgentinaFil: Much, Diego Gabriel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Gobierno de la Provincia de la Pampa. Ministerio Publico. Agencia de Investigación Científica.; ArgentinaFil: Imperato, Valeria. Hasselt University; BélgicaFil: Thijs, Sofie. Hasselt University; BélgicaFil: Vangronsveld, Jaco. Hasselt University; BélgicaFil: Merini, Luciano Jose. Gobierno de la Provincia de la Pampa. Ministerio Publico. Agencia de Investigación Científica.; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin
El Informe pericial ambiental
No full textSi bien el rol protagónico de la pericia técnica como elemento probatorio es transversal a los procesos judiciales contemporáneos, el informe pericial ambiental cobra una importancia capital en el marco de la Justicia Ambiental. En este sentido, si bien el perito actúa como un auxiliar del juez, y este último es libre de fallar en función a su convencimiento y sana crítica, son escasas las situaciones en las que el fallo no va en consonancia con lo determinado por la pericia ambiental. A priori, esto podría ser interpretado como una ventaja ya que el aporte de elementos técnicos objetivos suele facilitar la toma de decisiones y dar respaldo científico a las sentencias. Sin embargo, existe una complejidad intrínseca en la elaboración y análisis de una pericia ambiental que, lejos de simplificar el escenario, se ha sumado al debate epistemológico y de la doctrina de una Justicia Ambiental aún en construcción. Aquí, las ciencias que se ocupan del ambiente casi en su totalidad resultan atravesadas por principios, elementos y metodologías que son extrañas a la experticia jurídica del juez, tanto como escapan a su “leal saber y entender”. Por ello, en esta materia casi como en ninguna otra sometida a enjuiciamiento, se observa el fenómeno de la “captura de la decisión judicial por el asesor experto”. En este contexto, si bien la intención de este capítulo es la de aportar conceptos y elementos técnicos suficientes para un primer abordaje de la pericia ambiental como práctica, en algunos puntos deberemos necesariamente abordar las bases conceptuales de su concepción para proveer, en aquellos casos donde no existan pautas o criterios preestablecidos, una mirada crítica necesaria para la toma racional de decisiones. Vale la pena mencionar, antes de adentrarnos en la descripción y análisis de la pericia ambiental, que en función a la frecuencia de ocurrencia, el alcance y magnitud de los daños que ocasionan y, por sobre todo, la dificultad de restauración de los ecosistemas a su estado original; utilizaremos como modelo de causas ambientales a las que involucran contaminación química. Así mismo, los casos de contaminación química no solo representan la forma más arquetípica de daño ambiental sino que resulta una de las expresiones jurídicamente más complejas por la posibilidad de integrar el reproche civil y penal simultáneamente conforme el artículo 29 segundo párrafo de la Ley General del Ambiente 25.675.Fil: Merini, Luciano Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Confluencia; Argentina. Gobierno de la Provincia de la Pampa. Ministerio Publico. Agencia de Investigación Científica.; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentin
Bioaugmentation with PGP-trace element tolerant bacterial consortia affects Pb uptake by Helianthus annuus grown on trace element polluted military soils
No full textIn this study, we sought to compose consortia of plant growth-promoting (PGP) and trace element tolerant bacteria, to improve plant growth and inhibit uptake and translocation of trace elements, eventually allowing the cultivation of profitmaking crops on trace elements polluted soils, reducing the risks of entrance of these elements into the food chain. Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) was grown on two polluted military soils (MS1 and MS2) in greenhouse microcosms and inoculated with three different bacterial consortia (C1, C2, C3). Growth and physiological status of the plants were unaffected during the experiment with the inoculation. After 2months, plants were harvested. Consortium C2 and C3 decreased Pb shoot bioaccumulation by respectively 80–85% when plants were grown in the MS1 and even to concentrations below detection limit in plants grown in MS2. Differences in uptake and (sub)cellular localization of Pb and Cd in selected bacterial isolates were investigated in vitro by TEM-EDX. Pb absorption was observed by Bacillus wiedmanni ST29 and Bacillus paramycoides ST9 cultures. While adsorption at the bacterial cell wall was observed by Bacillus paramycoides ST9 and retention in the extracellular matrix by Cellulosimicrobium cellulans ST54.Fil: Saran, Anabel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Confluencia; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional La Pampa-San Luis. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Anguil; Argentina. Hasselt University; BélgicaFil: Imperato, V.. Hasselt University; BélgicaFil: Fernandez, L.. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional La Pampa-San Luis. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Anguil; ArgentinaFil: Vannucchi, F.. Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna; ItaliaFil: Steffanie, N. M.. Hasselt University; BélgicaFil: d'Haen, J.. Hasselt University; BélgicaFil: Merini, Luciano Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Confluencia; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional La Pampa-San Luis. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Anguil; ArgentinaFil: Vangronsveld, Jaco. Hasselt University; Bélgica. Maria Curie Sklodowska University; PoloniaFil: Thijs, Sofie. Hasselt University; Bélgic
Occurrence of powdery mildew disease in wheat fertilized with increasing silicon doses: a chemometric analysis of antioxidant response
Full text linkBlumeria graminis (Bgt) is a pathogenic fungus that affects severally wheat plants provoking high losses in wheat production. Biochemical parameters like enzyme activity of catalase, superoxide dismutase, or peroxidases can be used to detect changes of metabolism in response to pathogen infection. We evaluated different biochemical and biometrics parameters to assess the effect of silicon, a widely recognized beneficial nutrient, in wheat infected naturally with Bgt. Integral study and interpretation of results obtained by multivariate analysis is the challenge of present work. Wheat plants growing in hydroponic solution were fertilized with increasing concentration of silicon. Responses of wheat plants to silicon treatments were assessed through the analysis of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes activity (catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase). Furthermore, biometric measures such as Pathogen Index, dry weight of shoot and roots, tiller height, spike length, spike mass, grain number and grain mass production were assessed. Pathogen Index decreased while mass and number of grain, dry weight of shoots were significantly increased, proportionally to silicon concentration increasing in culture media; biochemical parameters were also influenced by the concentration of silicon. Multivariate analysis indicated correspondence between increase of silicon treatments and decrease of antioxidant activities of APX, CAT and SOD. Relationships between the applied doses of silicon and decreasing Bgt expansion in foliar surfaces were also observed. Chemometrics proved to be an optimal tool for integrating data about metabolic status and demonstrate, in present case, that increasing concentration of silicon and the reduction of antioxidant enzyme activity are closely related to decreasing of powdery mildew disease.Fil: Moldes, Carlos Alberto. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de La Pampa. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de La Pampa; ArgentinaFil: Lima Filho, Oscar Fontão de. Embrapa Agropecuaria Oeste; BrasilFil: Merini, Luciano Jose. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional La Pampa-San Luis. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Anguil; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Tsai, Siu M.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Camiña, José Manuel. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de La Pampa. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de La Pampa; Argentin
Evaluating the Capability of Epipremnum aureum and Its Associated Phylloplane Microbiome to Capture Indoor Particulate Matter Bound Lead
No full textIn this study we evaluated over a 1-year period, the ability of Epipremnum aureum leaves to collect particulate matter (PM)-bound Pb from an indoor environment. Using Illumina MiSeq, we investigated the changes in the phylloplane microbiome connected with the accumulation of this pollutant. Plants were placed in a shooting room, where PM release from each shot was recorded, along with PM2.5 and PM10 sequestration and leaf element enrichment by ICP. Additionally, black carbon (BC) sequestration was determined, and SEM-EDX was performed on leaves after 12 months of exposure. Our results indicated that ambient air pollution shapes microbial leaf communities by affecting their diversity. At the order level, Pseudomonadales, along with Micrococcales, appeared (at a low relative abundance) after exposure to indoor PM-bound Pb air pollution. This study provides a unique comparison of Epipremnum aureum air filtration performance between a standard office environment and a firearm shooting range. The air filtration approach holds promise for reducing indoor air pollution, but more knowledge about the underlying mechanisms supporting genera capable of coping with airborne pollutants is still required
Dissipation of 2,4-D in soils of the Humid Pampa region, Argentina: A microcosm study
Full text linkPhenoxy herbicides like 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) are widely used in agricultural practices. Although its half life in soil is 7–14 d, the herbicide itself and its first metabolite 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) could remain in the soil for longer periods, as a consequence of its intensive use. Microcosms assays were conducted to study the influence of indigenous microflora and plants (alfalfa) on the dissipation of 2,4-D from soils of the Humid Pampa region, Argentina, with previous history of phenoxy herbicides application. Results showed that 2,4-D was rapidly degraded, and the permanence of 2,4-DCP in soil depended on the presence of plants and soil microorganisms. Regarding soil microbial community, the presence of 2,4-D degrading bacteria was detected even in basal conditions in this soil, possibly due to the adaptation of the microflora to the herbicide. There was an increment of two orders of magnitude in herbicide degraders after 15 d from 2,4-D addition, both in planted and unplanted microcosms. Total heterotrophic bacteria numbers were about 1 · 108 CFU g1 dry soil and no significant differences were found between different treatments. Overall, the information provided by this work indicates that the soil under study has an important intrinsic degradation capacity, given by a microbial community adapted to the presence of phenoxy herbicides.Fil: Merini, Luciano Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología. Cátedra de Microbiología Industrial y Biotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Cuadrado, Virginia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología. Cátedra de Microbiología Industrial y Biotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Flocco, Cecilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología. Cátedra de Microbiología Industrial y Biotecnología; ArgentinaFil: Giulietti, Ana Maria. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología. Cátedra de Microbiología Industrial y Biotecnología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay; Argentin
Vicia sativa–rhizospheric bacteria interactions to improve phenol remediation
Full text linkThe aim of this study was to evaluate whether the interaction of Vicia sativa with a bacterial strain capable of using phenol as sole carbon and energy sources can moderate adverse effects of this pollutant in plant tissues. A bacterial strain identified as Bacillus sp., isolated from a heavily polluted environment, was inoculated at different stages of growth. In root elongation assay, inoculated seeds showed higher values of relative root elongation and germination index than uninoculated ones in the presence of high phenol concentrations. Thus, common vetch–Bacillus sp. association could be important at the first stages of development allowing this plant to grow in highly polluted environments. Besides, phenol removal was largely accelerated in phenol-spiked soils, after 48 h of treatment with uninoculated/inoculated plants rather than by adsorption or biodegradation of the bacterial strain. Peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase activities increased significantly in uninoculated plants, while superoxide dismutase activity, chlorophyll, malondialdehyde, and H2O2 levels of aerial parts remained unaltered in uninoculated/inoculated plants treated with the pollutant, demonstrating that the efficient response to oxidative damage did not depend on the inoculation.Fil: Ibañez, Sabrina Guadalupe. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Biología Molecular; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Merini, Luciano Jose. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología. Cátedra de Microbiología Industrial y Biotecnología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Barros, Germán Gustavo. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Medina, Maria Ines. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Biología Molecular; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Agostini, Elizabeth. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Biología Molecular; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin
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