28,834 research outputs found
La città verde
No full textIl tema della “città verde” è oggi indissolubilmente legato all’idea di bioarchitettura, da un lato, e di città sostenibile, dall’altro. “Città verde” è il titolo di un concorso di architettura del 1929 per la costruzione di una città del riposo nei pressi di Mosca che produsse quattro progetti di maestri dell’avanguardia russa che fecero del tema il pretesto per la proposta di nuove tipologie insediative. In questo libro, il termine “città verde” riunisce una serie di esperienze che, come quei quattro progetti, hanno cercato di delineare una nuova tipologia insediativa strutturalmente fondata nella campagna e nel territorio e alternativa alla grande città come forma di habitat per lo sviluppo della società moderna.
Il libro è diviso in due parti. La prima parte, "La città verde", scritta dall'autore - è composta da sei saggi in cui attraverso il confronto tra quattro esperienze di progettazione di insediamenti fondati sul territorio e complementari alla città negli anni '30 e '40 del Novecento: tra Russia (Il concorso per la "Città verde di Mosca" e il disurbanesimo), Italia (La campagna padana di Gaetano Ciocca) e Stati Uniti (I progetti per gli insediamenti TVA). Nei casi di studio vengono delineati gli elementi tipici di una forma insediativa complementare alla grande città, con le sue tipologie architettoniche distintive. La rassegna si conclude con un capitolo finale sulle caratteristiche del progetto di "città verde" desumibili dal confronto tra casi di studio che apre la seconda parte del libro. La seconda parte, “Per un atlante delle città verdi”, redatta da autori invitati e specialisti - è composta da sei saggi che propongono una rilettura di noti casi di architettura moderna in chiave di progetto di “città verde”: dalla visione fisiocratica negli Stati Uniti (Thomas Jefferson, M. C. Loi) e in Francia (Claude N. Ledoux, D. Chizzoniti); alle cittadelle industriali modello negli Stati Uniti (Henry Ford, F. Bucci) e in Italia a Ivrea (Olivetti, F. Bonfante); alle visioni del secondo Novecento di nuove forme insediative fondate sul territorio in Italia (“ruralistica” di Amos Edallo, G. Frassine; “l’eco-città” di Marcello D’Olivo, G. L. Ferreri).
Il volume si apre con una prefazione di Guido Canella e si chiude con una postfazione di Jurij P. Volchok. Nel dare il profilo di ciascuna delle esperienze citate, tutti gli autori dei diversi contributi hanno di volta in volta teso a evidenziarne soprattutto la proattività in termini di discorso architettonico e di progettazione insediativa. Le “città verdi” che compongono il libro sono frutto di ricerche svolte dagli autori nell’ambito di dottorati di ricerca e per progetti europei (COST C 11) e MIUR presso il Dipartimento di Progettazione Architettonica del Politecnico.The theme of the “green city” is today inextricably linked to the idea of bio architecture, on the one hand, and of a sustainable city, on the other. “Green City” is the title of a 1929 architectural competition for constructing a city of rest near Moscow that produced four projects by masters of the Russian avant-garde who made the theme the pretext for the proposition of new settlement typologies. In this book, the term “green city” brings together a series of experiences that, like those four projects, have sought to outline a new settlement typology structurally founded in the countryside and in the territory and alternative to the big city as a form of habitat for the development of modern society.
The book is divided into two parts.
The first part, "The Green City", written by the author - consists of six essays in which through a comparison between four experiences of planning settlements founded in the territory and complementary to the city in the 30s and 40s of the twentieth century: between Russia (The competition for the "Green City of Moscow" and disurbanism), Italy (the Po Valley countryside of Gaetano Ciocca) and the United States (the projects for the TVA settlements). In the case-studies, the typical elements of a form of settlement complementary to the large city are outlined, with its distinctive architectural types. The review ends with a final chapter on the characteristics of the "green city" project deducible from the comparison between case studies that opens the second part of the book. The second part, “For an atlas of Green Cities”, written by invited authors and specialists - consists of six essays that propose a rereading of well-known cases of modern architecture in the key of the “green city” project: from the physiocratic vision in the United States (Thomas Jefferson, M. C. Loi) and in France (Claude N. Ledoux, D. Chizzoniti); to the model industrial citadels in the United States (Henry Ford, F. Bucci) and in Italy in Ivrea (Olivetti, F. Bonfante); to the visions of the second half of the twentieth century of new forms of settlement founded in the territory in Italy (“ruralistica” by Amos Edallo, G. Frassine; “the eco-town” by Marcello D’Olivo, G. L. Ferreri).
The volume opens with a preface by Guido Canella and closes with an afterword by Jurij P. Volchok.
In giving the profile of each of the experiences cited, all the authors of the different contributions have from time to time tended to highlight above all the proactivity in terms of architectural discourse and settlement design. The "green cities" that make up the book are the result of research carried out by the authors in the context of research doctorates and for European projects (COST C 11) and MIUR at the Department of Architectural Design of the Polytechnic
Getting Started as a Medical Teacher in Times of Change
No full textMedical school teaching is a skill that is very often learned on the job. The faculty comprised of researchers and clinicians are expert in many biomedical disciplines, but familiarity with learning theories and pedagogy are usually not included in their knowledge and skill sets. The pressure to see patients and acquire extramural funding leaves little time for faculty to learn how to teach. When coupled with the natural attrition of senior faculty it is necessary to start junior faculty on the correct path to being effective medical educators who are capable of lecturing and facilitating. Institutions cannot afford to have medical educators learn through trial and error. The standards set by the Liaison Committee on Medical Education (LCME) are also creating an urgency to produce competent teachers as quickly as possible. Novice teachers need to be able to use these standards to align their teaching with goals, objectives and the appropriate pedagogy. This article is designed to be a self-directed guide describing some essentials that a newly hired faculty member can quickly use to get started. An institutional faculty development program can then serve to build upon and enrich the experience for the new faculty member.This is the authors' accepted manuscript of the article. The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1007/s40670-014-0098-y.Peer reviewe
Né dace, né bungalow, né alberghi. Forme di città e tipi architettonici per l’insediamento del riposo al concorso “La Città Verde” di Mosca del 1929
No full textPer il concorso la “Città Verde” di Mosca del 1929 - bandito dai sindacati – erano stati identificati come temi chiave del riposo di massa per una società operaia socialista due aspetti: “accessibilità ai luoghi di vacanza” e la “natura speciale delle attrezzature per il riposo”.
In merito al primo aspetto – il trasporto di massa - a Mosca era già stato sperimentato un sistema di recapito ai sobborghi da sempre utilizzati dai moscoviti per il riposo infrasettimanale basato su un tracciato ferroviario anulare di raccordo tra le radiali e costruito sia per uso industriale e logistico che per uso turistico. E’ la circonvallazione ferroviaria di Mosca del 1903-08 le cui stazioni e attrezzature furono accuratamente progettate per assolvere a questo doppio scopo: funzionali ma anche ospitali al passeggero e ben inserite nei contesti paesaggistici dei boschi e campagne intorno alla città.
In merito al secondo aspetto – il tipo di attrezzatura – vale la pena ricordare che il tema del concorso fu sollevato da una campagna giornalistica che denunciava i privilegi di pochi che potevano permettersi una dacia fuori città e la difficoltà di garantire alla massa dei lavoratori, non tanto la dacia come oggetto fisico, ma la dacia come momento di comunione con la natura.
I quattro progetti presentati dagli architetti invitati al concorso affrontarono, ciascuno con diversa enfasi rispetto ai due temi chiavi del “trasporto e del viaggio” e del “tipo di attrezzatura ricreativa” , una serie di soluzioni per la forma della città del riposo definita da un determinato tipo di maglia trasportistica e per tipi di residenza temporanea, questi ultimi disaggregati in edifici per il sonno e strutture per il soggiorno climatico.
Il nostro intervento prende in esame secondo questo schema nelle diverse proposte di D. Fridman, M. Ginzburg, N. Ladovskij, K. Mel’nikov
[Neoplastic obstruction of the vena cava inferior in general surgery].
No full textPatients with primary or secondary tumoral occlusion of the inferior vena cava are difficult to be managed with safety and success. Nevertheless, their survival may be prolonged by an aggressive surgical approach according to the technical advances of liver transplantation. In fact, it is possible to perform a tumoral exeresis including the inferior vena cava by a total vascular exclusion of the liver (HVE) and a pump-driven veno-venous bypass (ECC). The Authors report the management of 8 patients with inferior caval tumoral involvement (8 M, 1 F, mean age 63.7 yrs). Vascular occlusion was caused by caval leiomyosarcoma (n 1), renal cell carcinoma (n 3), hepatocellular carcinoma (n 1), liver metastases (2 colorectal, 1 renal). Five patients (62.5\%) underwent surgical treatment (2 laparotomy, 2 wide nephrectomy with partial caval wall resection in HVE, 1 ex vivo liver resection with caval venoplasty in HVE and ECC). Operative mortality was 40\%. Three patients underwent medical treatment (radio-chemotherapy, chemoembolization). Total survival rate was 75\% at 3 months, 50\% at 6 months, and 25\% at 24 months. Two patients (25\%) are still alive at 3 months from the diagnosis and at 36 months from the operation
Gut microbial composition in different castes and developmental stages of the invasive hornet Vespa velutina nigrithorax
No full textSous-facteurs de L(F∞) d'indice 4cos2π/n,n≥3
No full textLet Q be a factor of type II1, λ a number in the Jones discrete series {4cosπ/m:m≥3}, and {ei} the Jones projections associated with λ. Denote by A2n and A1n the finite-dimensional von Neumann algebras generated, respectively, by {1,e2,⋯,en} and {1,e1,⋯,en}, with the corresponding traces. The author shows that, for n sufficiently large, the index of the inclusion An=(Q⊗A2n)∗A2nA1n⊂(Q⊗A2n+1)∗A2n+1A1n+1=An+1 is equal to λ (here ∗ denotes the reduced, amalgamated free product of the algebras in question). Using the random matrix model of Voiculescu, he proves that if Q is the von Neumann algebra L(F∞) of the free group with infinitely many generators, then An is isomorphic to L(F∞).
The two facts together imply the existence, for any λ in the Jones discrete series, of an irreducible subfactor of L(F∞) of index λ. This constitutes the first example of a nonhyperfinite, non-Γ II1 factor such that its Jones invariant is fully computable (the existence of nonirreducible subfactors of L(F∞) for any index ≥4 is a simple consequence of known results)
Immune competence of the invasive hornet Vespa velutina and its native counterpart Vespa crabro: a comparison across caste and sex
No full textUnderstanding the major mechanisms that allow an alien species to become invasive is crucial for limiting the impact of such species, and individual immunity seems to be a crucial trait for their large range colonization when introduced to a new area. Indeed, a high resistance to pathogens and parasites could favour the establishment and proliferation of an alien species in a newly colonized region. A striking example of recent successful invasion is represented by the Asian hornet, Vespa velutina nigrithorax, which has invaded Western Europe threatening bees and beekeeping activities. Investigating the biology of this species is fundamental to understand how V. velutina nigrithorax has become invasive in Europe and this knowledge could be crucial for limiting its impact. Here, by performing bacterial challenge bioassays, we compare the immune competence of different castes and sex of a population of the invasive Asian hornet, V. velutina nigrithorax, and of the native European hornet, V. crabro. Our results demonstrate that the two species differ in their immuno-competence with respect to caste: a higher level of immunocompetence was found in the reproductive females of the Asian hornet which were resistant to bacterial challenge when compared to workers and males of both species and to reproductive females of the native European hornet. The high pathogen resistance in reproductive females of the Asian hornet, might therefore represent a key factor contributing to the ecological success and spread of this invader
Postać n-tej iteracji operatora q = f d/dx
No full textArtykuł nie zawiera streszczeniaMotivated by applications in linear dynamical systems, the author studies q^n(f), where q is the operator f●(d/dx) and qn is its n-th iteration. q^n(f) is a polynomial F(f(0),f(1),...,f(n)) in the derivatives f(0)=f,...,f(n) of f with integer coefficients. Special attention is paid to determining the coefficients of F. The author presents algorithms for computing the coefficients and also shows that the sum of all coefficients of F equals n!. The paper ends with some remarks on the number of coefficients of F, which is related to the number-theoretic unrestricted partition function
Ratio of n-6/n-3 in the diets of beef cattle
No full textEffects of feeding heat-treated canola (C), soybean (S) and flax (F) or mixtures on growth and slaughter characteristics, taste and fatty acid (FA) composition of beef tissue were investigated using 128 crossbred steers to determine the potential of improving the nutritional quality of beef for humans. For Trial 1 (48 steers), dietary treatments were: roasted C, extruded C, roasted S, extruded S, roasted F and extruded F. For Trial 2 (80 steers), the dietary treatments were: S:F (1:1), S:C (1:1), C:F (1:1) and S:F:C (1:1:1), and the oilseeds were processed either by roasting or extruding before mixing. Soybean meal and soybean oil were used to give equivalent lipid and protein contents to each experimental diet. The basal diet consisted of grass silage, barley grain, vitamins and minerals. Steers were fed for a minimum of 100d then slaughtered at a uniform degree of finish. Growth and slaughter characteristics of the steers were only slightly affected by dietary treatment in that the soybean-fed steers consumed more feed and had a higher average daily gain than the canola or flax-fed animals in Trial 1. There was no difference in taste panel parameters for any of the treatments. Inclusion of flax in the diet increased the total n-3 content of meat. Similar results were found for canola and C18:1n-9 although this was not the case for soybean and the n-6 FA. For the n-6 FA in the PL and neutral lipid fractions of the meat samples, levels were correlated with high dietary levels of n-6 or n-9 with low levels of n-3 while for the n-3 FA, levels were correlated with high dietary n-3 levels and low n-6 levels. Oilseed processing method did not have an effect on any fatty acid levels. It is possible to modify the FA composition of beef meat toward a healthier profile by including heat-treated oilseeds in the diet to influence the degree of lipid metabolism in the rumen.ID: S0377840111004007; M3: Article; Accession Number: S0377840111004007; Author: M.A. McNiven (a, ⁎); Author: J.L. Duynisveld (b); Author: T. Turner (a); Author: A.W. Mitchell (a); Affiliation: Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of PEI, Charlottetown, PEI, Canada C1A 4P3; Affiliation: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Nappan, NS, Canada B0L 1C0; Keyword: Oilseeds; Keyword: Roasted; Keyword: Extruded; Keyword: Fatty acids; Keyword: Healthy fat; Number of Pages: 11; Language: English
Fast implementation of iterative adaptive approach for wideband unambiguous radar detection
No full textAccepted author manuscriptMicrowave Sensing, Signals & System
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