121 research outputs found
Wellness coaching and health-related quality of life
No full textThe objectives for this study were to assess association between completion of any wellness coaching program and changes in health-related quality of life over one year and over two years, and to assess cumulative effects of completion of multiple wellness coaching programs and changes in health-related quality of life over one year and over two years. The data sources for this study were obtained from a health risk assessment file, eligibility files and individual health plan enrollment data for a private insurance plan cohort. The sample inclusion criteria for analysis of the one-year effect of coaching was completion of health risk assessments in two adjacent years and individuals who completed coaching in the baseline year without having completed coaching in the prior year comprised the coaching group. They were matched to individuals who hadn\u27t completed wellness coaching in either of the two years. For analysis of the two-year effect of coaching, individuals who completed wellness coaching in the baseline year and completed health risk assessments two years later were included. Those who hadn\u27t completed wellness coaching in the baseline year or the following year were matched to cases for analysis. Sample exclusion criteria were missing at least one SF-8 score, being pregnant, or reporting presence or absence of diseases in the baseline year which differed after one year for the one-year analysis or that differed after two years for the two-year analysis. Analysis of Covariance and Markov chain model were employed to analyze change in health-related quality of life scores. ANCOVA results for cumulative effects on specific coaching programs showed that individuals who participated in nutrition wellness coaching were more likely to have increased mental component summary scores one year later than those individuals who did not participate in coaching (difference in adjusted means=1.018, P value=0.018,). ANCOVA results also showed that individuals who participated in stress management coaching were less likely to have increases in mental component summary scores over one year (P value=0.007, difference in adjusted means= -1.828) and two years (P value\u3c0.001, difference in adjusted means= -1.952) and less likely to have increases in physical component summary scores over two years (P value=0.037, difference in adjusted means= -0.956) than those individuals who did not participate. Results from Markov chain models on individual domains showed that individuals who participated in any coaching were more likely to have higher social functioning scores over one year (change in cumulative log odds ratio=0.17, P value= 0.027) and less likely to have higher role physical scores over two years than individuals who did not participate in any coaching
Health Care Resource Use, Health Care Expenditures and Absenteeism Costs Associated with Osteoarthritis
No full textThe objectives of this study were to determine incremental health care resource utilization, incremental health care expenditures, incremental absenteeism, and incremental absenteeism costs associated with Osteoarthritis. An observational database analysis was conducted using information from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS). Individuals 18 years of age or older and employed during 2011 were eligible for inclusion in the sample for analyses. Individuals were identified with Osteoarthritis diagnosis based on ICD-9-CM diagnosis codes. Out of a sample of 26,992 individuals, 1,354 were diagnosed with osteoarthritis. Individuals with osteoarthritis were compared to individuals without osteoarthritis. Incremental health care resource utilization examined included annual hospitalization, annual hospital days, annual emergency room visits, annual outpatient visits. Incremental health expenditures examined included annual inpatient expenditures, annual outpatient expenditures, annual emergency room expenditures, annual miscellaneous expenditures, annual medication expenditures and annual total expenditures. Incremental resource utilization, incremental resource expenditures, incremental absenteeism and incremental absenteeism costs were estimated using regression models, adjusting for other covariates including age, gender, sex, region, marital status, insurance coverage, comorbidities, anxiety, asthma, hypertension and hyperlipidemia. Multivariate regression models revealed incremental mean annual resource use associated with osteoarthritis of 0.07 hospitalizations, equal to 70 additional hospitalizations per 100 osteoarthritic patients annually, and 3.63 outpatient visits, equal to 363 additional visits per 100 osteoarthritic patients annually. Mean annual incremental total expenditures associated with osteoarthritis were 826, followed by mean annual incremental outpatient expenditures of 325. Mean annual incremental absenteeism was 2.2 days and mean annual incremental absenteeism costs were $715.74. In conclusion, osteoarthritis was associated with considerable incremental health care resource utilization and expenditures. Presence of osteoarthritis was also associated with significant incremental absenteeism and incremental absenteeism costs
Effect of Processing and Storage on Antioxidant Potential of Bitter Orange (Citrus Aurantium)
No full textThis Dissertation / Report is the outcome of investigation carried out by the creator(s) / author(s) at the department/division of Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore mentioned below in this page
Dialyzability of Iron and Zinc from Food Matrices with Varying Levels of Protein
No full textThis Dissertation / Report is the outcome of investigation carried out by the creator(s) / author(s) at the department/division of Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore mentioned below in this page
Polymeric Nano/ Microparticles For Management Of Pulmonary Diseases
No full textDrug delivery via pulmonary route has emerged as an attractive area of study in the past two decades. This method of administration has multiple advantages for both systemic and local drug delivery due to the availability of a large surface area for drug absorption and higher solute permeability in the lung. Most importantly, inhalational drug delivery provides direct accessibility to the lung via a noninvasive route of administration. Recent literature has shown a surge in the use of nano/micro particles for a wide range of pulmonary applications ranging from targeted and controlled drug delivery to drug screening and tissue regeneration. In this research, polymeric nano and micro particles were first screened and characterized for diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary ailments such as restrictive lung diseases and lung cancer. Initially, various natural and synthetic polymer-based nanoparticles (NPs) were screened for delivery of protein and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) to the lung. Poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) NPs showed the highest stability, burst drug release and cytocompatibility. Although natural polymer-based NPs showed the highest cellular uptake in vitro, results from in vivo studies indicated more sustained and uniform tissue distribution on nebulization of PLGA NPs. Our major contribution to the field of drug delivery is that in vitro NP properties need not necessarily reflect their behavior in vivo. It is therefore necessary to validate in vitro findings of NPs encapsulating biological agents with in vivo results in order to choose the most favorable nanocarrier for the desired application. The PLGA NPs thus chosen were incorporated with superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) and coated with a poly N-isopropylacrylamide - carboxymethyl chitosan (PNIPAAm-CMC) shell to form novel temperature- and pH-sensitive multi-layered NPs to provide better controlled drug delivery options for lung cancer treatment. Additionally, these core-shell particles were conjugated with folic acid for targeted lung cancer therapy. The particles produced good negative contrast using MRI in vivo. The NU7441 (radiosensitizer)- and gemcitabine hydrochloride (chemotherapeutic drug)- loaded NPs also significantly slowed down tumor growth when administered in combination with radiation in vivo. These observations indicate that our novel core-shell nanoparticles could potentially be used as a drug carrier to provide efficient chemo-therapy and/or combined chemo- and radiation-therapy to treat lung cancers. Finally, PLGA was used to synthesize stable, degradable and porous microparticles using porogens such as sodium bicarbonate, gelatin and poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAAm) microparticles, to form 3D lung cancer models for screening of chemotherapeutic drugs in vitro. An innovative aspect of this research is the use of PNIPAAm nanoparticles to generate uniform pores on the PLGA microparticles. Comparison between particles prepared using different porogens to form an in vitro tissue model is also novel. Our preliminary in vitro results indicate that the responses of 2D cancer cell monolayer and our 3D lung tumor model vary significantly when exposed to chemotherapeutic drugs of the same concentration. These results suggest the potential of our porous microparticles for high throughput screening of therapeutic agents in an in vitro setting, while mimicking in vivo conditions more closely than a conventional 2D model
Decolonising Ngannelong: A geocritical approach to Joan Lindsay’s picnic at hanging rock and its visual adaptations
No full textTạp chí mua quyền truy cập TAYLOR & FRANCISThe study involves close readings of Joan Lindsay’s Picnic at Hanging RockFootnote1 and its visual adaptations from a postcolonial feminist and geocritical theoretical framework to analyse how the space operate as a hegemonic tool in reproducing dominance based on gender, race, caste, class, and ethnicity. The comparative study will help to understand the ways in which adaptations of a source narrative to different media modify the landscape and space thereby shifting the gender equations as well. Lindsay’s novel has adaptations (all eponymous) produced during different time periods
Digital Place Making: A Feminist Geocritical Reading of Marichjhapi Massacre (India) through Digital Cartography
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Impact of Nebulization on the Physicochemical Properties of Polymer–Lipid Hybrid Nanoparticles for Pulmonary Drug Delivery
No full textNanoparticles (NPs) have shown significant potential for pulmonary administration of therapeutics for the treatment of chronic lung diseases in a localized and sustained manner. Nebulization is a suitable method of NP delivery, particularly in patients whose ability to breathe is impaired due to lung diseases. However, there are limited studies evaluating the physicochemical properties of NPs after they are passed through a nebulizer. High shear stress generated during nebulization could potentially affect the surface properties of NPs, resulting in the loss of encapsulated drugs and alteration in the release kinetics. Herein, we thoroughly examined the physicochemical properties as well as the therapeutic effectiveness of Infasurf lung surfactant (IFS)-coated PLGA NPs previously developed by us after passing through a commercial Aeroneb® vibrating-mesh nebulizer. Nebulization did not alter the size, surface charge, IFS coating and bi-phasic release pattern exhibited by the NPs. However, there was a temporary reduction in the initial release of encapsulated therapeutics in the nebulized compared to non-nebulized NPs. This underscores the importance of evaluating the drug release kinetics of NPs using the inhalation method of choice to ensure suitability for the intended medical application. The cellular uptake studies demonstrated that both nebulized and non-nebulized NPs were less readily taken up by alveolar macrophages compared to lung cancer cells, confirming the IFS coating retention. Overall, nebulization did not significantly compromise the physicochemical properties as well as therapeutic efficacy of the prepared nanotherapeutics
Dietary Fiber in Coffee
No full textThis Dissertation / Report is the outcome of investigation carried out by the creator(s) / author(s) at the department/division of Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore mentioned below in this page
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