1,721,020 research outputs found
Emerging strategies and clinical recommendations for the management of novel depression subtypes
No full textIntroduction: The phenomenology of depression is characterized by a wide array of emotional, cognitive, and physical symptoms that significantly disrupt an individual’s life. Societal changes, driven by technological advancements, economic pressures, environmental concerns including climate change, and shifting cultural norms, have influenced how depression manifests and is understood. These developments have led to the identification of new depression subtypes, highlighting the need for personalized treatment approaches based on individual symptoms and underlying causes. Areas covered: The authors provide a comprehensive narrative review of the literature on managing novel depression subtypes, focusing on both pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments. Specifically, scenarios recorded were related to i) depression in adolescents and young adults; ii) depression and social disconnection; iii) depression and alcohol/substance use disorder; iv) depression and gender dysphoria; v) depression, stressful events, and other environmental factors. Expert opinion: In the novel depression subtypes discussed, individualized treatment approaches tailored to the individual’s specific circumstances are necessary. While selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) remain the cornerstone of treatment for many forms of depression, atypical antidepressants such as trazodone, and emerging therapies like ketamine, neuromodulation techniques, and personalized psychotherapy offer hope for those with complex or treatment-resistant presentations
"Revolving door" and Bipolar Disorders: a retrospective study in an acute inpatient unit
No full textThe present retrospective study investigated clinical correlates of the revolving door (RD) phenomenon in a population of subjects affected by Bipolar Disorders (BDs)
Differential Gender Severity Expression of Symptoms in Patients with Dual Diagnosis: An In-Patient Observational Study
No full textThe present retrospective study is aimed at exploring the impact of gender differences in a sample of inpatients with dual diagnosis
Exploring emerging psychopathological characteristics and challenges of novel depression subtypes: insights from the literature
No full textBackground: Depression is a widespread global health issue, significantly impacting all areas of life and is a leading cause of disability. Societal changes, including technological and cultural shifts, and the emergence of new psychoactive substances, have influenced how depression manifests, introducing new clinical dimensions and challenges in its understanding and treatment. Summary: This review summarizes from a psychopathological and clinical point of view the most important features related to novel depression subtypes, specifically: I) Early-onset depression; II) Depression and social disconnection; III) Depression and Alcohol/Substance Use Disorder; IV) Depression and Gender Dysphoria; V) Depression, stressful events, and other environmental factors. For each domain, the available research evidence is summarized, starting from theoretical contributions to the relevant psychopathological descriptors with special attention to issues relevant for the clinical practice. Key messages: Overall, the phenomenology of depression is currently enriched by new symptomatology entities, including the dimensions of boredom, shame, fatigue, alexithymia, and emotional dysregulation. Those symptoms prevail in different novel subtypes of depression deserving in the clinical practice special attention and focused interventions
Feeding and Eating Disorders in Bariatric Surgery: A Retrospective Study
No full textIntroduction: Obese subjects undergoing bariatric surgery often display medical and psychiatric comorbidities, influencing post-operative course and long-term prognosis. Candidates for bariatric surgery are evaluated through a multidisciplinary assessment in the pre-operative phase, including a psychiatric visit. The psychiatric examination aims to screen psychiatric comorbidities, including feeding and eating disorders (FEDs). Indeed, there is evidence of the association between obesity and several psychiatric disorders, such as FEDs, but also anxiety disorders, mood disorders, psychotic disorders, neurodevelopment disorders and personality disorders, particularly B and C cluster personalities. This study aims to evaluate the presence of psychiatric comorbidities among a population of candidates for bariatric surgery, and to underline the clinical correlates of FEDs diagnosis at the pre-operative assessment. Subjects and methods: Patients were recruited at the outpatient service of the Section of Psychiatry, Clinical Psychology and Rehabilitation of the General Hospital/University of Perugia. Psychiatric comorbidities were investigated by a psychiatric interview and hetero-administered scales for the evaluation of DSM-5 psychiatric syndromes (Structured Interview for DSM-5 Disorders - clinical version - SCID-5-CV), psychopathological and personality characteristics (Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory - MMPI-2 and Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5-Personality Disorders - SCID-5-PD) and specific scales for the evaluation of FEDs (Binge Eating Scale - BES, Obesity Questionnaire - OQ, Bulimia Test-Revised - BULIT-R and Body Shape Questionnaire - BSQ). After performing descriptive statistics, we performed bivariate analyses to assess significant differences between subjects with and without FEDs diagnosis (p˂0.05). Results: The sample was composed of 160 subjects (70.6% F versus 29.4% M). The average BMI was 42.90 ±6.258 and 86.8% of subjects had a Class 3 Obesity (BMI ≥40). 41.3% of patients received a psychiatric diagnosis and, specifically, a diagnosis of FEDs was highlighted in 28.7% cases. Individuals with FEDs more frequently had a family history of obesity and FEDs. As for psychopathological characteristics, altered scores on the BES and on the BULIT-R were more frequent in the group with psychiatric disorders excluding FEDs. Conclusions: Patients evaluated in bariatric surgery pre-operative assessment often display FEDs. Patients with FEDs more frequently suffer from other psychiatric disorders, showing the need for specific support pathways in this group of patients
Cannabinoid-Induced Psychosis: A Cross-Sectional Gender Study
No full textGender is a crucial factor in the development of mental illnesses, with an essential influence on clinical characteristics and not only on the prevalence of each disorder. Gender differences in cannabinoid-related disorders are highlighted by different research fields (preclinical, clinical, socio-demographic studies), but few studies focused on differential symptom expression in cannabinoid-induced psychosis. This study aims at investigating qualitative and quantitative gender differences in specific psychopathological domains in a clinical sample of subjects affected by cannabinoid-induced psychotic disorder, without psychiatric comorbidity
A Dual Therapeutic Setting Model Experience for Schizotypal Personality Disorder in an Inpatient Unit
No full textG.B., 21-year-old patient of Albanian origin suffering from acute psychotic burning on schizotypal personality disorder induced by substance abuse, was admitted to the Psychiatric Service at Perugia' General Hospital, Italy. On admission, antipsychotic therapy was set up which had the role to reduced delusional and hallucinatory symptoms but the suspiciousness, the presence of magical thought and the closure towards surrounding world that characterize it, combined with the presence of intrusive images, consequently increased the anxiety experiences and negatively affects the establishment of a therapeutic relationship with the operators. During the hospitalization, daily support interviews were carried out: G.B. showed clear difficulty in expressing his own thought contents in presence of more than two operators emerged jointly with the tendency to project different emotional experiences based on the gender of the operator. Following these observations, with the aim to carrying out an intervention that could integrate a psychological approach to the pharmacological therapy in place, a specific personalized support setting was set up, consisting of a female and a male operator. This setting was structured coherently with the therapeutic goals to be achieved: creation of a therapeutic alliance, the integration of the patient's emotional experiences and containing the splitting through the transference analysis. By means of this setting, the patient has obtained a substantial improvement of the splitting framework allowing a better integration of his emotional experiences. At the end of the sessions, G.B. showed more confidence with the medical staff and showed himself to be more aware of his pathological and non-pathological mental states and consequently more adherent to taking drug therapy and to the continuation of post-discharge psychological therapy
Clinical Insights and Strategies to Managing Depression Subtypes Associated with Tobacco dependence: A Response to the Letter to the Editor
No full textDepressive mood and circadian rhythms disturbances as outcomes of seasonal affective disorder treatment: A systematic review
No full textThe present systematic review was aimed at critically summarizing the evidence about interventions focused on circadian rhythms and mood symptoms in seasonal affective disorder (SAD)
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