313 research outputs found
Replication data for: "Estimating the Impacts of Program Benefits: Using Instrumental Variables with Underreported and Imputed Data"
No full textStephens Jr., Melvin, and Unayama, Takashi, (2019) "Estimating the Impacts of Program Benefits: Using Instrumental Variables with Underreported and Imputed Data." Review of Economics and Statistics 101:3, 468-475
Replication data for: "Estimating the Impacts of Program Benefits: Using Instrumental Variables with Underreported and Imputed Data"
No full textStephens Jr., Melvin, and Unayama, Takashi, (2019) "Estimating the Impacts of Program Benefits: Using Instrumental Variables with Underreported and Imputed Data." Review of Economics and Statistics 101:3, 468-475
The Consumption Response to Seasonal Income: Evidence from Japanese Public Pension Benefits
No full textJapanese public pension benefits, which were distributed quarterly through February 1990 and every other month since then, induce substantial but predictable income fluctuations. The relative magnitude of the payments combined with the delay between payments yields a stronger test of the Life-Cycle/Permanent Income Hypothesis than in prior studies. Applying two identification strategies to monthly household panel data, we find that consumption significantly responds to quarterly benefit receipt. Additional analysis suggests that our findings cannot be explained by either liquidity constraints or precautionary savings motives.
The Intertemporal Substitution and Income Effects of a VAT Rate Increase: Evidence from Japan
No full textOne of the biggest political issues in Japan is an increase in the rate of value added tax (VAT). In this paper, we evaluate its impact on household expenditure, using Japan's April 1997 VAT rate increase from three to five percent as a case study. A rate increase induces price hikes, and provided this increase in price levels is anticipated, households should engage in intertemporal substitution of purchases. In addition, if households are not compensated for the rate increase, it has the potential to induce an income effect on household consumption. Based on monthly household expenditure data, we find that households spent 30,231 yen more in the quarter prior to the rate increase than they would have in its absence, while the income effect was negligible. Consistent with theoretical predictions, increased outlays on durable and storable non-durable goods and services were responsible for roughly three-quarters of the observed intertemporal substitution effects. Contrary to conventional wisdom, we find that the VAT rate increase had no impact on real household spending following its implementation, once we have accounted for intertemporal substitution, which caused a large transitory disturbance in household expenditures.
Job Displacement, Disability, and Divorce
No full textThis paper examines how job displacement and physical disability suffered by a spouse affects the probability that the person's marriage ends in divorce. According to the standard economic model of marriage, the arrival of new information about a partner's earning capacity that a negative earnings shock conveys might affect the gains that the couple believes it will receive from remaining married. Shocks may therefore affect divorce probability. Little previous work has explored this issue. The few efforts that exist use no explicit measures of earning shocks. Using the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, this paper finds an increase in the probability of divorce following a spouse's job displacement but no change in divorce probability after a spousal disability. This difference casts doubt on a purely pecuniary motivation for divorce following earnings shocks, since both types of shocks exhibit similar long-run economic consequences. Furthermore, the increase in divorce is found only for layoffs and not for plant closings which suggests that information conveyed about a partner's non-economic suitability as a mate due to a job loss may be more important than the financial losses in precipitating a divorce.
Is There a Retirement-Consumption Puzzle? Evidence Using Subjective Retirement Expectations
No full textPrevious research finds a systematic decrease in consumption at retirement, a finding that is inconsistent with the Life-Cycle/Permanent Income Hypothesis if retirement is an expected event. In this paper, we use workers' subjective beliefs about their retirement dates as an instrument for retirement. After demonstrating that subjective retirement expectations are strong predictors of subsequent retirement decisions, we still find a retirement consumption decline for workers who retire when expected. However, our estimates of this consumption fall are about a third less than those found when we instead rely on the instrumental variables strategy used in prior studies. Finally, we examine a number of hypotheses that have been put forward to explain the retirement consumption decline. We find little empirical support for these explanations in our data.
2015 Kansas Performance Tests with Soybean Varieties
No full textSoybean performance tests are conductd each year to provide information on the relative performance of new and established varieties and brands at several locations in Kansas. Main Station, Manhattan: Jane Lingenfelser, Assistant Agronomist; William T. Schapaugh, Jr., Professor (Senior Author); Brent Christenson, Research Assistant; Cheyenne Stephens, Research Assistant; Research Centers: Patrick Evans, Colby; Lonnie Mengarelli, Parsons; Monty Spangler, Garden City; Josh Coltrain, Crawford County Extension; Experiment Fields: Eric Adee, Topeka; Gary Cramer, Hutchinson; Andrew Esser, Scandia; James Kimball, Ottawa; Cooperators: Vernon Egbert, McCune; Lance Rezac, Onaga; Dale Roberds, Pittsburg; Clayton Short, Assaria
Developing Core Leadership Competencies for the Library Profession
No full textThe development of competencies, competency lists, or competency models has become a popular way to assess the strengths, needs, and potential contributions of individuals in an organization. The success of libraries as organizations is determined by the actions of the individuals who work in those libraries; the success of those individuals in carrying out the missions of those libraries is in large measure a reflection of the type and quality of leadership. Successful library leaders demonstrate certain skills that are instrumental in the delivery of desired outcomes. We usually think of the demonstration of these skills as competencies.
Creating a list of competencies for library leaders is a key objective envisioned in the strategic plan of the Library Leadership Administration and Management Association (LLAMA). This task was assigned to five members of the 2008 class of the American Library Association’s Emerging Leaders Program. The project is a critical first step toward a list of competencies or standards that would serve at least three types of users: library educators planning curricula, aspiring library leaders hoping to advance their careers, and experienced library leaders seeking to advance the profession. This article will provide an overview of the library literature addressing competency models, describe the process used to develop the competency model for library leadership, review competency models found in the literature of other professions, and discuss the proposed core competency model for leadership in our profession
Essays in Labor Market Employing Network Theory and Decomposition Methods
No full textThis dissertation contributes to the literature in two main fronts: (i) it combines economic theory and network theory to develop a new methodology for identifying latent worker and job heterogeneity from the network of worker--job matches in linked employer-employee data sets; and (ii) it proposes new and flexible approaches to decomposition methods in economics imposing. With regards to contribution (i), Chapter 1 develops an economically microfounded network algorithm to classify workers and jobs and describes the methodology in detail before applying it to estimating the effects of labor demand shocks on workers. Chapter 2 extends the methodology developed in Chapter 1 and applies it to gender wage gap decompositions, adding to both contributions (i) and (ii). Finally, Chapter 3 focuses on contribution (ii), generalizing current decomposition methods in economics and applying the proposed decomposition estimator for assessing the black-white wealth gap.PhDEconomicsUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/174639/1/bmodene_1.pd
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