1,721,137 research outputs found
Programmi e azioni per la promozione della mobilità sostenibile nelle città. In: L’approccio ingegneristico al tema della sicurezza stradale e della sostenibilità nelle città
No full textCould a new mode alternative modify psycho-attitudinal factors and travel behavior?
No full textThere is ample consensus that, besides objective characteristics, psycho-attitudinal factors play a key role in influencing people’s mode choice. Hybrid choice models use these theoretical frameworks so as to include latent constructs for capturing the impact of subjective factors on mode choice. But recent work in transportation research raised the question about the ability of hybrid choice models to derive policy implications that aim to change travel behavior, given the focus on cross-sectional data. To address this problem we designed a survey for collecting longitudinal data (socio-economic and psycho-attitudinal) to evaluate, on the one hand, the long-term effects on travel mode choice of the implementation of a new light rail line in the metropolitan area of Cagliari (Italy), on the other to detect any changes in the psycho-attitudinal factors and socio-economic characteristics after implementation of those measures. In particular, the objective of the study is to analyze whether these changes in individual characteristics are able to affect mode choice from a modeling perspective, through the specification and estimation of hybrid models. Our results show that latent variables were not significantly different over waves, showing that the impact of the psychological construct remained stable over time, even after the introduction of the new light rail. Additionally, we found some evidence that the variables that explain the latent variables could change over time
Modeling the impact of normative messages on travel behavior change
Full text linkPrompted by previous research indicating associations between social norms and travel behavior, this study examines the effectiveness of a persuasive normative intervention on car commuters in Cagliari, Italy. The intervention provided (descriptive and/or injunctive) normative statements to encourage a shift from the car to a sustainable travel alternative, namely walking, cycling, or transit, suggested through a Personalized Travel Plan. The construction of an Integrated Choice and Latent Variable model allowed for controlling for level of service, socioeconomic, and psychological variables. Results showed how the injunctive normative message significantly increased public transport intention, particularly when individuals perceived a higher level of behavioral control. However, no significant impact was found for active mobility. Pseudo-elasticity effects showed how the injunctive message had a similar impact as the travel time difference between cars and public transport. This work is valuable for policymakers as it provides insightful best practices for low-budget normative messaging to promote sustainable travel behaviors
Do psycho-attitudinal factors vary with individuals’ cycling frequency? A hybrid ordered modeling approach
Full text linkThe purpose of the present study was to investigate specifically whether psycho-attitudinal factors could differ for people with different cycling frequency levels and to quantify the determinants influencing the propensity to cycle. To perform our analysis, we developed a hybrid choice modeling approach with a generalized ordered probit choice kernel, using the information collected in 2016 for 2128 individuals in two mid-size urban areas in Sardinia (Italy). Our results indicate that the latent variables Perception of cycling benefits, Perception of cycling comfort and Perceived importance of bike infrastructure positively influence the propensity to cycle, supporting the idea of a relationship between attitudes and cycling frequency. In addition, the model shows a link between different socio-demographic variables (gender, age, Body Mass Index, education level, number of cars per household, number of household members), built environment characteristics and bike usage. Computation of the pseudo-elasticity effects indicates that strategies focusing only on the physical part of the problem, such as the expansion and improvement of proper infrastructure, might not be sufficient to encourage bike use. At the same time our findings stress the importance of considering people's psychological characteristics when implementing policies aimed at promoting cycling. This can be helpful for identifying, depending on the population segment that is targeted, the most appropriate advertising/information strategy for convincing people to cycle, as well as the most effective marketing messages
Perceived importance of facilitators to cycling: the case of a starter cycling city in Italy
Full text linkThe goal of this study is to understand and explore how facilitators to cycling are perceived by different segments of individuals, in view of assessing how to best promote the use of the bicycle in urban areas bicycle-unfriendly. The data for this study is drawn from a survey conducted in the metropolitan area of Cagliari, a starter cycling city in Italy, in 2014-2016 among a sample of local employees. The sample comprises 1,481 observations. All participants were asked to rate, by means of a 5-point Likert Scale, the importance of eight different specified factors that would encourage them to start cycling or to cycle more often. These factors, which are the dependent variables of our study, are modelled jointly using a multivariate ordered probit framework. Our results clearly indicates that how people perceive the implementation of policy measures aimed to encourage more frequent cycling depends on their socio-demographic characteristics. Hence, a holistic approach with a variety of activities is needed, as improvements in cycling infrastructure may not be enough
Making sustainability development goals (SDGs) operational at suburban level: Potentials and limitations of neighbourhood sustainability assessment tools
Full text linkUrban sustainability plays a central role in the implementation of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) at the local level. The emphasis on major interventions, and large projects and infrastructures may overlook the cumulative beneficial impacts of widespread smaller urban transformations at the neighbourhood level. However, there is insufficient research on how to operationalise the SDGs at such suburban scale. This study aims to contribute to fill this gap by examining the usefulness of Neighbourhood Sustainability Assessment (NSA) tools for operationalising the 17 SDGs. The comparative analysis between the three NSA tools examined in this paper - LEED, BREEAM and ITACA - reveals their differences and complementarities with respect to different targets of the SDGs. In general, the findings of this study show that the main scopes of interest of these tools are related to general urban issues (SDG11), climate action (SDG 13), responsible production and innovation (SDG 9 and 12), and in part also to goals on social wellbeing (SDG 3, 8, 9), whereas other SDGs are less represented, although several indicators proposed by NSA tools could indirectly contribute to assessing progress on those goals. Besides providing a framework for assessing the correspondence and compliance of NSA tools to the SDGs, the proposed method of analysis also allows to verify the consistencies and the discrepancies between different NSA tools, pointing at their potentials and limitations. Hence, this study can provide insights and can suggest guidance and recommendations for overcoming some of the current limitations of the NSA tools, and more in general for the design of neighbourhood evaluation systems more directly and cogently targeting the SDGs. In this sense, the findings of this study can support local administrations and planners in the design and implementation of SDGtargeting policies, plans and projects aiming at systemic sustainability
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